外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Friends forever巩固练习

Period 4　Developing ideas

Ⅰ.阅读

A

A new study of 8,000 young people in the journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily, it is a bad thing for young people. Puppy love (早恋) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression. The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worst of all.

The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”. According to the study, even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”， this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls. Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions. They won't tell that to their parents.

Dr Marianm Kaufman, an expert on young people problems, says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing. Trying romance often causes the depression. She advises kids not to jump into romance too early. During growing up, it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self. She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends, attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.

Parents should watch for signs of depression—eating or mood changes—and if they see signs from their daughters or sons, they need to give help. The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young, but only maturity gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就男女生早恋问题进行阐述，指出早恋对青少年的危害并分析了其中的原因，进而为父母们提出了一些建议。

1．What's the main idea of the passage?

A．Puppy love may bring young people depression.

B．Parents should forbid their children's love.

C．Romance is a two－edged sword for adults.

D．Romance is good for young people.

答案：A　主旨大意题。文章主要讲早恋可能导致青少年，尤其是女孩得抑郁症，且由第一段第二句 “Puppy love (早恋) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression.” 可知正确答案为A。

2．Which of the following is more likely to have depression?

A．Young people who have a strong sense of self.

B．Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior.

C．Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions.

D．Careless parents whose children are deep in love.

答案：C　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句和第二段倒数第二句可知，年轻女孩比男孩更容易得抑郁症，又因为年轻女孩往往在恋爱中隐藏自己的情绪和观点。所以隐藏自己情绪和观点的年轻女孩最容易得抑郁症，故正确答案为C。

3．What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.

B．Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents.

C．Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression.

D．The older a woman is, the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance.

答案：D　推理判断题。由文章倒数第二句 “The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age.” 可知，恋爱和抑郁之间的联系随着年纪的增长而减弱，由此推断年长的女性不容易得抑郁症，故正确答案为D。

4．What's the author's attitude towards puppy love?

A．Confused.  B．Disapproving.

C．Disinterested.  D．Scared.

答案：B　观点态度题。文章主要讲早恋可能导致女孩得抑郁症，由此可以推断作者对早恋的态度是不赞同的。故正确答案为B。

B

“Joe? Is that you？” The woman speaking to me at the baseball game looked a little familiar.“Marci？” I asked.“It is you！” she cried out, smiling broadly. “It's good to see you again！”

It was good to see Marci, too. Off and on during the past few decades, I've wondered about her. I almost tried to search for her a few years ago after talking to a friend who had indicated that the 1990s had been pretty rough for Marci. So meeting her at the baseball game was really a surprise.

We spent a few minutes talking about our lives—the good old, bad old days. Then Marci grew quiet for a moment. “You know, Joe，” she said, “I've always wanted to tell you how  ... how ... sorry I am for the way I treated you. You must have been hurt both physically and mentally.” I was a little embarrassed. I turned and looked at her. “It's OK，” I said, “No big deal！” “But I was such a jerk，” she continued. Yes you were, I thought. “We were both pretty young，” I smiled. “I know，” she said. “It's just always bothered me, remembering how mean I was to you. And I've wanted to tell you that I'm sorry.” The expression on her face was warm and sincere. And there was something in her eyes—it looked a lot like relief. “OK，” I said. “Apology accepted！” Overcome by the sweetness of the moment, I reached an arm around her and gave her a quick hug. Just then, the crowd erupted with a huge cheer, and Marci and I both returned our attention to the game. By the time I looked over to where she had been, she was gone. But the warm, wonderful feeling of our brief exchange was still there, and continues to this day whenever I think about it.

It isn't enough to just say “I'm sorry” and “You're forgiven”. But when those words are truly felt and sincerely expressed, they can open the door to miracles of the heart. Forgiveness can bring peace to an injured soul—even years after the fact. Even at a baseball game.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在棒球赛场见到了多年未见的朋友Marci(玛西)，并冰释前嫌的故事。

5．What kind of life did Marci live during the late 20th century according to the passage?

A．Happy.  B．Busy.

C．Hard.  D．Simple.

答案：C　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“I almost tried to search for her a few years ago after talking to a friend who had indicated that the 1990s had been pretty rough for Marci.”可知，在20世纪90年代Marci生活得很艰难，故C项正确。

6．What does the underlined word “jerk” in the third paragraph mean?

A．A humorous person.  B．A rude person.

C．A careless person.  D．An honest person.

答案：B　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文中的“It's just always bothered me, remembering how mean I was to you.”可知，当时她对“我”很刻薄，这件事一直困扰着她，再结合画线词所在句子可知，她认为她是一个刻薄的人；据此可知，画线词与B项含义相近，故B项正确。

7．Why did Marci look in relief after talking with the author?

A．Because her favorite team won the game.

B．Because she learned Joe was living a good life.

C．Because she made an apology to the author.

D．Because she found she was not mean any longer.

答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘And I've wanted to tell you that I'm sorry.’ The expression on her face was warm and sincere. And there was something in her eyes—it looked a lot like relief.”可知，由于Marci向“我”真诚地道了歉，所以她的眼里露出了轻松的神色，故C项正确。

8．What might be the best title for the passage?

A．Excitement of a Baseball Game

B．Mental Burden of a Woman

C．Miracles of Forgiveness

D．Relief of Finding a Friend

答案：C　标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章最后两句为全文的主题句；结合全文内容可知，本文通过讲述“我”接受朋友Marci的真诚道歉，体会到原谅可以抚慰受伤的心灵的故事，说明了原谅创造的奇迹，故C项最适合作为本文标题。

C

Bill McIntosh and Royce Wedding had been best friends for 30 years. Now, living alone 12 miles east of the town, Bill earned his living by hunting foxes and rabbits.

“Coming to the football match this afternoon？” Bill McIntosh asked 54－year－old Royce Wedding as they drank beer at the Eureka Hotel. Royce shook his head, “I promised Mom I'd burn off the weeds (杂草) in one of our fields.” “I'll give you a hand，” Bill said.

Driving slowly from the southern edge of the field, they worked their way upwind, leaving a line of burning weeds in their wake. Suddenly the fire was on them. Bill pushed open his door only to find himself thrown through the air, the gasoline tank exploded (爆炸) and the car jumped three feet off the ground. When it crashed back down Royce found himself unable to move. Bill lay where he fell. “Royce！” he cried, struggling to his feet and heading for the car. Pulling open the door, he seized Royce's arms through the smoke. “I'm stuck，” Royce said. “Get yourself away！” The fire bit at Bill's arms, face and legs, but he said, “I'm not leaving you here.” Bill pulled as hard as he could. Suddenly he fell backward. Royce was free and out of the car.

“What's the matter with that dog？” said Vicky Wedding, Royce's mom. Shocked by noise behind her, she turned to see Bill leaning against the door.

Six months after the fire, when Royce went out of hospital, he walked into the Eureka Hotel and bought Bill a beer.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bill(比尔)和Royce(罗伊斯)之间“患难见真情”的故事。

9．Bill and Royce became best friends when ________.

A．Bill was in his thirties

B．Bill was in his sixties

C．Royce was a teenager

D．Royce was in his twenties

答案：D　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，Bill和Royce是三十年的好朋友，由第二段可知，Royce五十四岁。由此可知，Royce二十四岁的时候和Bill成了好朋友，故选D项。

10．The explosion of the gasoline tank ________.

A．threw Royce from the car

B．brought Bill to his senses

C．left Royce trapped

D．blew open the car doors

答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章内容尤其是第三段中的“‘I'm stuck，’ Royce said. ‘Get yourself away！’”可推知，油箱爆炸后Royce被困住了。

11．Why did Royce tell Bill to leave?

A．It was dangerous for Bill to save Royce.

B．Royce was badly injured.

C．Royce hated Bill.

D．Royce asked Bill to find rescuers.

答案：A　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，当时火势很大，Royce害怕Bill为了救他而陷入险境，故让Bill离开。

12．What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Saying and doing are two different things.

B．A great ship asks for deep waters.

C．Actions speak louder than words.

D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.

答案：D　推理判断题。A项意为“说和做是迥然不同的两回事”；B项意为“大船走深水”；C项意为“事实胜于雄辩”；D项意为“患难见真情”。本文讲述了Bill在危难关头，不顾自己的安危，舍命救朋友Royce的故事，该故事诠释了友情的真谛。故应选D项。

D

Imagine someone who has spent the majority of their life sitting with a sign on the side of the road and that very person giving someone their last 20 dollars. That's exactly what Marine Corps veteran (退伍军人) Johnny Bobbitt, 34, did in October in Philadelphia.

Bobbitt served in the US Marine Corps and worked as a paramedic (医务辅助人员) in Vance County, N．C. before he became homeless. Nobody knew how he got to where he was because he was discreet about that.

One night in October, Bobbitt was sitting roadside with a sign in Philadelphia as usual, when Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. Scared and nervous, she got out of the car to head to the nearest gas station. As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into  Bobbitt and he told her to get back in the vehicle and lock the door. Minutes later, he appeared with a red gas can. He'd used his last $20 to buy her gas.

After that unexpected meeting, McClure and her boyfriend, Mark D'Amico, who both live in New Jersey, visited Bobbitt several times to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletries. They then decided to create a fund raising page so he wouldn't have to spend the holidays sleeping on the street.

McClure started the GoFundMe page on November 10. With the page, the couple hoped to raise $10,000, enough money for his rent, a reliable vehicle and up to six months' expenses. Bobbitt's story ran in a local paper. By November 15, more than 10,000 local people had made donations through the GoFundMe page and more than $300,000 had been raised.

On Thanksgiving, Bobbitt was resting in a hotel, his feet up on the bed, drawing up a grand plan for his new life, thanks to several thousand dollars raised to repay him for a good deed.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个无家可归的退伍军人舍己为人的故事。

13．What does the underlined word “discreet” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?

A．Doubtful.  B．Cautious.

C．Guilty.  D．Optimistic.

答案：B　词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的句意为“没有人知道他是怎样走到这一步(即无家可归)的，因为他对此……”。由此可以猜测，他对此非常小心谨慎，不想让别人知道。cautious “谨慎的”，故选B。

14．McClure met Bobbitt when she     ________.

A．couldn't find a gas station

B．got to the way home

C．couldn't unlock her car

D．was in search of gas

答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt”可知，McClure是在去加油站找油时遇见Bobbitt的。

15．It can be known from the text that  ________.

A．Bobbitt's story obtained wide attention

B．Bobbitt became world­famous overnight

C．the GoFundMe page collected over $400,000 for Bobbitt

D．the GoFundMe page was started to help people like Bobbitt

答案：A　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，截至11月15日，一万多名当地人通过该网页进行了捐款，募集到的数额超过了三十万美元。由此可以推断，Bobbitt的故事引起了广泛的关注。

16．What is the best title for the text?

A．A Homeless Veteran Paid Kindness Forward

B．A Homeless Veteran Had a Generous Heart

C．A Homeless Veteran's Kindness Paid Off

D．A Small Kindness Made a Big Difference

答案：C　标题判断题。本文主要讲述一个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子。事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐并且募捐到了三十多万美元，即这个无家可归的退伍军人的善心得到了回报，因此本文的最佳标题为C项。

Ⅱ.语言运用

I can still remember the first time that I decided to help a child from the Philippines. The __1__ that helping her gives me, however, is beyond __2__. It connects me to her, to life, __3__ to love.

I was only a teenager myself and had a little extra __4__ each month. I didn't feel like __5__ anything, though. We had __6__ everything we had in a house fire a few years before. __7__  that had taught me a lot. I had learned that I didn't need a lot of “stuff” to be __8__ I had also read a lot about the __9__ of children in poor countries around the world. It seemed like a far better thing then to give what I could to help them. With my mom's love and __10__， I soon found a few organizations like Children International that were __11__ others around the world. It felt so good being able to reach out and help another __12__. It felt so good being able to make even one life better. I could feel the compassion and __13__ growing within me and beginning to change me.

Empathy (同情) does change us. It helps us to __14__， to be kind, and to make this world a __15__ place.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者资助外国小孩儿的故事，告诉我们这样一个道理：同情心让我们去爱别人，让我们变得更加善良，也会让这个世界变得更加美好。

1．A.wealth  B．anxiety

C．challenge  D．joy

答案：D　“我”自愿帮助她，而帮助她给“我”带来了快乐(joy)。故选D。

2．A.imagination  B．complaint

C．price  D．reach

答案：C　帮助她给“我”带来的快乐是无价的。beyond price “无价的；宝贵的”。故选C。

3．A.but  B．and

C．so  D．or

答案：B　“to her, to life”和“to love”为并列关系。它将“我”和她、生活以及爱联系在一起。故选B。

4．A.money  B．time

C．energy  D．labor

答案：A　根据语境可知，作者年少时，每月会有一点额外的零花钱(money)。故选A。

5．A.doing  B．buying

C．facing  D．missing

答案：B　虽然有点零花钱，但是“我”不想买(buy)任何东西。故选B。

6．A.stored  B．found

C．lost  D．searched

答案：C　句意：几年前家里着火，我们失去了(lose)一切。故选C。

7．A.Putting aside  B．Taking on

C．Paying for  D．Going through

答案：D　put aside “把……放在一边；储存……备用”；take on “呈现”；pay for “为……付钱”；go through “经历”。句意：经历了那件事让我学会了很多。故选D。

8．A.happy  B．relaxed

C．energetic  D．positive

答案：A　“我”不需要拥有很多东西就能快乐(happy)。故选A。

9．A.education  B．suffering

C．tale  D．anger

答案：B　由“children in poor countries around the world”可知，作者也了解到了生活在贫穷国家的孩子所遭遇的不幸。suffering “苦难；痛苦”。故选B。

10．A.courage  B．belief

C．support  D．faith

答案：C　句意：在母亲的爱与支持(support)下，我找到了一些如国际儿童等这样的组织。故选C。

11．A.treating  B．praising

C．honoring  D．serving

答案：D　根据前文作者通过捐赠来帮助他们可知，作者找到的这些组织是为全世界人们服务(serve)的。故选D。

12．A.in need  B．in peace

C．in fear  D．in silence

答案：A　in need “处于危难中；在穷困中”，是固定短语。句意：能够伸出援手帮助处在穷困中的人，让自己感觉很好。故选A。

13．A.relief  B．empathy

C．ease  D．guilty

答案：B　“我”可以感受到自己的怜悯之心和同情心(empathy)正在慢慢改变着自己。and表示并列关系，前后词意应一致，下段第一句也是提示。故选B。

14．A.donate  B．think

C．love  D．study

答案：C　此处意为，同情心帮助我们去爱(love)别人。故选C。

15．A.bigger  B．safer

C．smaller  D．better

答案：D　句意：同情心帮助我们去爱别人，让我们变得更加善良，也会让这个世界变得更加美好(better)。故选D。

Ⅲ.语法填空

The woman often called the First Lady of New York died on August. Brooke Astor was one hundred and five years old. The extremely wealthy and famous New Yorker spent much of her life __1__  (help) the needy in her beloved city.

She was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She was the only child of a high level military officer. After two  earlier __2__ (marry), she married Vincent Astor in 1953 again. He came from a family __3__ had been rich for at least one hundred years. Among other things, he owed many buildings in New York City. Brooke Astor became one of the __4__ (rich) women in the world when Vincent Astor died. She also became head of a huge charity organization __5__  (found) by her husband. He repeatedly had told her she would have fun giving __6__ his money.

And apparently she did. Miss Astor gave tens of millions of dollars __7__  (main) to places and people in New York City. She said it was the sensible choice because that was __8__ the money had been made. She gave financial support to the city's cultural centers, the poor and disabled as __9__ as to many smaller charities. When she died, the mayor of New York said the city would not be what it is today __10__ her support.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

9．________　10.________

答案：1.helping　2.marriages　3.that/which　4.richest

5．founded　6.away　7.mainly　8.where　9.well　10.without

◎每日新闻条

United_Kingdom_Prime_Minister Boris Johnson has_tested_positive_for_novel_coronavirus and is self­isolating, he confirmed on Friday. Johnson said he began to develop symptoms during the past 24 hours, including a cough and temperature.

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊周五证实，他已检测出新型冠状病毒呈阳性，并且正在自我隔离。约翰逊说，在过去的24小时里，他开始出现包括咳嗽和发热的症状。

【坚持积累】

①prime/praIm/adj. 主要的；首要的

②minister/'mInIstə(r)/n. 部长，大臣

③isolate/'aIsəleIt/v. (使)隔离

④confirm/kən'fɜːm/v. 证实，确认