人教版初二（上）英语第18讲：unit9语法篇（学生版） 学案

这是一份人教版初二（上）英语第18讲：unit9语法篇（学生版），共14页。


Unit 9 语法篇



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学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。



情态动词用法归纳
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语
一、 can, could
1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）
Mary can speak three languages.（知识）
Can you skate?（技能）
此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2) 表示请求和允许。
----Can I go now?
----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,
might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?
---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )
3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?
This can’t be done by him.
How can this be true?
二、 may, might
1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t
或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
----Might/ May I smoke in this room?
---- No, you mustn’t.
---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
用May I...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...？在口语中更常见。
2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
3) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
1．He may /might be very busy now.

2．Your mother may /might not know the truth.
三、 must, have to
1) 表示必须、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必）.
---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
---- Yes, you must.
---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。
1． he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
2． I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）
1． You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
2． Your mother must be waiting for you now.
四、 dare, need
1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。
1． How dare you say I’m unfair?
2． He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
3． If we dared not go there that day， we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.
2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。
1．You needn’t come so early.
2. ---- Need I finish the work today?
---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。
1. I dare to swim across this river.
2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
3. He needs to finish his homework today.


1. Look! The traffic light has turned red. We _____ stop our car.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
2.—He be in the classroom， I think.
—No， he be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.
A. can； may not B. must； may not C. may； mustn’t D. may； can’t
3. Nowadays .all passengers go through safety check before take a train.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
4. —Mr. Wang, must I come again to clean the classroom on Sunday?
—No, you____ . I have asked Kate to do it.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
5. Harry’s been driving all day----- he be tired.
A. need B. can C. shall D. must



基础演练

中考训练
1. – Jack, ____ you ride a bike? –Yes, I can.
A. can B. may C. need D. must
2.Mr. Zhou can’t find his ID card anywhere. It be lost.
A. can’t B. should C. must
3. There's an important football match today. I _______ miss it.
A. may B. can't C. must D. needn't
4. —What about going swimming this afternoon?
—You ______ be joking! Don't you know I'm afraid of water?
A. may B. can C. must
5. — Dick, ________ I use your e-dictionary?
— Yes, sure. ________ you give it to David after you use it?
A. will; Would B. may; Might C. can; Could D. shall; Should
6.You _____ tell anybody about this——it’s a secret.
A. can B. must C. mustn’t
7.---Who will give us the speech on public manners?
---Mr. Brown_____,but I'm not sure.
A.can B. need C. must D. might
8. --Do you have any plans for this summer vacation?
--I'm not sure. I ___ take a trip to Taiwan.
A. must B. need C. may D. should
9.—How do you usually go to school?
—My school is far away. I ________ take the bus to school.
A. must B. might C. have to
10．You return the book now. You can keep it until next week if you like.
A. have to B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
11.—__________ I complete the composition today, sir?
—No, you needn’t. You may ___________tomorrow morning.
A. Can, hand it in B. May, hand in it
C. Must, hand it in D. Need, hand in it
12. Martin was so busy ______ he old that he gave up his part-time job.
A .helping B .helped C .to help D. help
13. –Mum, ______ I visit the Movie Museum tomorrow?
--I’m afraid you can’t . It is closed on Monday .
A. must B. may C. should D. need

巩固提高
用can, may, must, need, have to, had better的适当形式填空：
1.  You ________________ return the library book on time.
2.  I ______________ (not) find the way to the hospital. _______________ you show me the way?
3.    —________________ I finish the work right now?
— No, you ________________ (not). You ____________ do it later.
4.   He said he ________________ (not) come tonight.
5.  Her mother was ill. She ________________ stay at home and look after her.
6. I have to study for a test. (变为否定句)
I       study for a test.
7. They can go to the concert. (改为一般疑问句)
  they   to the concert?
8. Can Mary go to your birthday party? (作出否定回答)
 ,    .
9. I often visit my aunt on Sundays. (用the day after tomorrow改写句子)
I     my aunt        .
10. Joe has to go to the doctor because he has the flu. (就划线部分提问)
    Joe   to go to the doctor?



一、单项选择（共15小题；共15.0分）
1. Lily likes playing   piano, and she has   piano lesson every Sunday.

A.
the; the
B.
the; a
C.
/; the
D.
/; a
2. --- What are you doing?
--- I'm studying   my math test   Tuesday morning.

A.
at; on
B.
for; on
C.
for; at
D.
on; for
3. My sister went to work without   breakfast this morning.

A.
eating
B.
to eat
C.
eats
D.
ate
4. I don't like living in this city. In autumn there's   wind and the weather is always   cold in winter.

A.
too much; much too
B.
too much; too much

C.
much too; too much
D.
much too; much too
5. --- Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening?
--- I'm afraid I  . I have to look after my grandparents.

A.
wouldn't
B.
can't
C.
won't
D.
mustn't
6. You can   the swimming club first, and then you can   the swimming game.

A.
join; take part in
B.
take part in; join

C.
take part in; take part in
D.
join; join
7. ---   I finish my homework now?
--- No, you  . Your work is over today.

A.
Can't; must
B.
Must; don't have to

C.
May; couldn't
D.
Couldn't; could
8. ---  ?
--- It's Monday the 5th.

A.
How are you today
B.
What time is it

C.
What's the date today
D.
What's today
9. --- Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sunday?
--- I'd love to. But I   play table tennis against Class Three.

A.
am going
B.
am going to
C.
am
D.
going to
10. --- Jenny, would you please   my dog when I am away?
--- No problem.

A.
look up
B.
look in
C.
look at
D.
look after
11. --- How about having a picnic this weekend?
--- Sorry, I am going to America for a meeting. Let's make it   time.

A.
other's
B.
the other
C.
another
D.
other
12. The fans were   to know the death of their favorite singing star Whitney Huston.

A.
glad
B.
angry
C.
excited
D.
surprised
13. --- I can't find David. Where is he?
--- He   for tomorrow's competition at home.

A.
prepares
B.
is preparing
C.
has prepared
D.
prepared
14. Will you please invite him   in a writing competition?

A.
joins
B.
to joining
C.
to join
D.
joining
15. --- I had a pleasant weekend on the farm.
---  .

A.
Oh, that's very nice of you
B.
It's a pleasure

C.
Congratulations
D.
I'm glad to hear that
二、完形填空（共10小题；共15.0分）
I'm going to have a party at home tomorrow evening. I told my mother that she needn't do 16   for me. This time I 17   to do everything by myself. I hope to 18   the party a nice one.
I 19   invitations to all my good friends this morning. Now I'm thinking about 20   I should do tomorrow. I need to clean my house 21   decorate(装饰) it tomorrow morning. Tomorrow afternoon I need to do some shopping. I plan to 22   some snacks(小吃), drinks and fruits. There are too many things to do, so I think it 23   be a very busy day for me tomorrow.
The party will begin 24  6:30 p.m. I will be 25   to play with my friends. Oh, I can't wait!
16.
A.
anything
B.
something
C.
everything
D.
nothing
17.
A.
ask
B.
take
C.
decide
D.
get
18.
A.
bring
B.
give
C.
let
D.
make
19.
A.
send
B.
sent
C.
have
D.
had
20.
A.
when
B.
why
C.
what
D.
which
21.
A.
but
B.
so
C.
or
D.
and
22.
A.
buy
B.
sell
C.
take
D.
eat
23.
A.
can
B.
must
C.
may not
D.
can't
24.
A.
on
B.
in
C.
at
D.
from
25.
A.
surprising
B.
surprised
C.
exciting
D.
excited





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三、阅读理解（共9小题；共18.0分）
A
When you have a dinner party, what should you do? The following will help you.
Try to open the door for each guest. If someone else answers the door, go to welcome your guests as soon as you can. Always offer to take their coats and ask, "Would you like me to take your coat?"
People often bring gifts like flowers or chocolates to a dinner party. Be ready to receive(接受) the gifts if they do. Get a vase so that you can put the flowers in water.
Never leave a guest unattended(没人照顾的), especially when there is only one guest! If there is more than one, they can talk to each other.
If the party is at home, a good idea is to have a toilet sign for people who don't know your house.
If the party is somewhere else, like a restaurant, try not to be too loud, because not everyone in the restaurant is at your party.
26. If others answer the door, you should  .

A.
go to receive their presents

B.
leave them talk freely

C.
go to welcome your guests as soon as possible

D.
close the door for them
27. If people bring gifts to your dinner party, you should  .

A.
help them put the gifts on the table

B.
be ready to receive them

C.
get a vase

D.
put the flowers in water
28. If there is only one guest, you should  .

A.
make him/her sit at a table

B.
make him/her wait until you are free

C.
never leave him/her unattended

D.
never talk to him/her
29. If you have the party at home, you should  .

A.
invite lots of people

B.
try to be loud

C.
talk with each other

D.
have a toilet sign for people who don't know your house
30. If you have the party in a restaurant, you should  .

A.
try not to be too loud
B.
have a toilet sign for people

C.
attend everyone
D.
talk to everyone
B
In the U.S., the most popular way to welcome the new year is with a big party. Some parties are at private homes. But in recent years, it has become more and more common for Americans to go to a hotel or eating-place on the night of December 31st. There, they can eat a big dinner, drink champagne, and dance to orchestra music.
Most New Year's parties are usually noisy. People shout and sing. And often, guests blow on small noisemakers when the new year arrives at midnight. This tradition of noise making is believed to start centuries ago. People thought that loud sounds would drive away the bad spirits of the old year.
The biggest, noisiest New Year's party in the U.S. takes place in Times Square in New York. Thousands of people gather(聚集) there. Some of them ring bells and set fireworks. Others blow whistles of car horns(喇叭). And at twelve o'clock, they begin to cheer as an electric sign in the shape of a red apple lights up on top of a tall building.
The Times Square celebration includes another well-known American tradition. Since 1929, the band of musician Guy Lombardo has given a concert on New Year's Eve. Guy Lombardo died in 1977. But, Bill Lombardo, has kept the tradition alive with a band concert at a New York city hotel. When the crowds in Times Square start cheering the arrival of the new year, television cameras show the band playing the song Auld Lang Syne.
31. The most usual way to welcome the new year in the U.S. is  .

A.
to go shopping
B.
to meet friends

C.
to travel abroad
D.
to hold a big party
32. The biggest New Year's party in the U.S. is  .

A.
in Central Park
B.
in Hollywood

C.
in Times Square
D.
in Disneyland
33. In the past, some American people made big noise when the new year arrived  .

A.
to express their friendship

B.
to drive away the bad spirits

C.
to make others more excited

D.
to give best wishes to each other
34. In 1929 a concert on New Year's Eve was given by  .

A.
the band of Guy Lombardo

B.
the band of Bill Lombardo

C.
the band of Johann Strauss

D.
the band of Elvis Aaron Presley
四、阅读与表达(表格式)（共5小题；共10.0分）
Hi, everyone! I'm Mary. I'm having a busy week! Monday is my dad's birthday. My family is having a big party for him in the evening. I have to sing Christmas Carols on Tuesday. I think it will be great fun. On Wednesday I'm going to the Rotary Meeting, so I have to wake up at 5:30 a.m. At night I'm going to the party for Girl Guides. Rick is coming to my house on Thursday morning. We are studying together for a test in the afternoon. On Friday I have to go to school and I'm giving Christmas presents to my friends and teachers. I hope they love them! On Saturday I'm having two parties—a Kids Christmas Party in the morning and a City Party at night (My mom works at City Hall). I don't have anything to do on Sunday morning, so I plan to get up late because I'm sure I'll be tired after Saturday night. In the afternoon, I'm getting ready for a new week.
根据短文内容，完成表格。每空不多于3个词。
Monday
35.   birthday party
Tuesday
sing 36.  
Wednesday
Rotary Meeting and the party for 37.  
Thursday
study for the test with Rick
Friday
go to school and give 38.   to friends and teachers
Saturday
Kids Christmas Party and a 39.  
Sunday
sleep and prepare for the next week

五、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)（共5小题；共5.0分）
40. The students are preparing for the science e  .
41. Mary is going back to England. Let's say g   to her.
42. I won't go u   you come back.
43. C   the ball, Jim.
44. Everyone is very s   to hear that surprising news.
六、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)（共5小题；共5.0分）
45. The  (prepare) for the party took hours.
46. This  (invite) to the meeting is for Gina.
47. Can you come to the  (open) of Library, Mr. Wang?
48. My sister looks forward to  (fly) to the moon one day.
49. Dale refused  (tell) me about it and I don't know what to do.
七、按要求转换句型（共5小题；共10.0分）
50. My brother has to walk to school every day. (改为一般疑问句)
  your brother     walk to school every day?
51. --- Can she go to the concert this evening? (作否定回答)
---  , she  .
52. We can go to the mall on the 14th. (对划线部分提问)
    you go to the mall?
53. I'm playing tennis with Jim on Saturday. (对划线部分提问)
  are you   on Saturday?
54. He has lots of homework to do this evening. (改为同义句)
He has     homework to do this evening.
八、对话7选5（共5小题；共10.0分）
A: Hi, Ted.
B: Hi, Lee.
A: Ted, 55.  
B: Uh, when?
A: This afternoon.
B: Sorry, I can't. 56.  
A: How about tomorrow?
B: I'm really sorry. Tomorrow I'm playing basketball and I have a guitar lesson.
A: 57.  
B: I have to help my mother do some cleaning.
A: Oh, I see. 58.  
B: I'm sorry, Lee. I have no time this week.
A: It doesn't matter. 59.  

A.
I'll ask Tom to play with me.

B.
You're too busy.

C.
can you play baseball with me?

D.
My mother is asking me.

E.
I have to go to the dentist and study for a test today.

F.
When do you have time?

G.
What are you doing the day after tomorrow?
九、适当形式填空(短文适当形式)（共10小题；共10.0分）
Dear Tony,
Thanks a lot for your 60.  (invite). I'm 61.  (real) sorry I can't go to your house on Saturday afternoon. I'm 62.  (take) a vacation on the beach on Saturday and Sunday with my friends. On Monday, I'm studying for my science test. I feel 63.  (worry) about it. On Tuesday, I'm going to my 64.  (uncle) house to visit him. He phoned me last week and 65.  (tell) me that he missed me very much. On Wednesday, I have to 66.  (look) after my grandfather—he is very old. On Thursday, I'm helping my parents with some 67.  (housework). And I have a guitar lesson on Friday afternoon. My mom thinks I can do much 68.  (well) in the guitar in this way.
On Friday evening, I would like 69.  (go) for a walk with my brother in the park. Can you come and join us?
Write soon.
Jessica

十、作文（共1小题；共25.0分）
70. 假如你是Lisa，你的好朋友Kay邀请你下周和她一起去书店。请你根据下周活动的日程表，给她回一封email，说说你下周要做的事情，以及什么时间可以和她去书店。80个词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Lisa's Calendar

Monday
Morning and afternoon: school
Evening: do homework
Tuesday
Morning and afternoon: school
Evening: help Mom
Wednesday
Morning and afternoon: school
Evening: visit my aunt
Thursday
Morning and afternoon: school
Evening: go to my piano lesson
Friday
Morning and afternoon: school
Evening: do homework
Saturday: study for my chemistry test
Sunday: free
Dear Kay,
Thanks for your invitation. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Lisa