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2025版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题突破专题3第4讲特殊句式课件
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这是一份2025版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题突破专题3第4讲特殊句式课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了that，thatwho，trying，so ，facing，used，standing，comes，did，asthough等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点突破 · 精讲即练
考点一 强调句一、强调句1．强调句的基本句型结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人，且作主语时，引导词也可用wh。强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。It is ur teacher wh/that helps us make great prgress.是我们的老师帮助我们取得了巨大的进步。
2．强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋句子其他部分？Was it in the park that he met ur new teacher?他是在公园里遇到了我们的新老师吗？3．强调句的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/wh＋句子其他部分？When was it that he made up his mind t take this curse?他是什么时候决定上这门课的？
【点津】由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序。He asked me wh it was that tk his umbrella by mistake.他问我是谁错拿了他的伞。4．nt ... until ...句型的强调结构：It is/was nt 。It was nt until twelve 'clck last night that I went t bed.昨天晚上直到十二点我才去睡觉。
二、强调谓语动词用助动词d，des或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中，d还可以用于祈使句。The family did manage t send him t a technical schl.这家人确实设法把他送到了一所技术学校。
三、强调句与三大从句的区别
即时演练(一)单句语法填空1．I can't remember what it was ______ made the teacher give Mary the permissin t leave the class earlier.2．____ was because I was stuck in the traffic that I came late.3．It was he __________ shwed me hw t smile thrugh the tugh times.4．It was nt until we heard that she was safe and sund ______ we finally breathed a sigh f relief. 5．Was it yesterday ______ yu met yur teacher in the street?
考点二 省略句一、状语从句的省略在时间、让步、方式、条件、地点等状语从句中，如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。While (I was) walking the dg n the street the ther day, I met ne f my ld friends.前几天在街上遛狗的时候，我遇到了我的一位老朋友。
If (yu are) asked t lk after luggage fr smene else, yu shuld infrm the plice at nce.如果被要求替别人照看行李，你应该立即通知警察。There are sme health prblems that, if/when (sme health prblems are) nt treated in time, can becme bigger nes later n.有些健康问题，如果不及时治疗，以后会变得更严重。
二、动词不定式的省略1．动词不定式作动词(expect, refuse, mean, like, lve, prefer, wish, hpe, want 等)的宾语或作一些动词(expect，want, tell，rder等)的宾补时，常承前省略动词不定式后的内容，但保留动词不定式符号t。Jhn didn't pass his driving test, but I expected him t (pass his driving test)．约翰没有通过驾照考试，不过我希望他能通过。
2．当动词不定式在形容词(glad，happy，pleased，delighted, anxius等)后作状语时，t后的内容常承前省略。—Wuld yu like t cme t the party?—I'm glad t (cme t the party)．——你愿意来参加聚会吗？——我很乐意去(参加聚会)。【点津】如果动词不定式中含有be，have，have been时，通常保留be，have，have been。
三、s/nt构成替代省略英语中还常常用s/nt等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，s/nt多跟在以I'm afraid, I hpe, I think, I guess, I believe等开头的答句中。—D yu think it will rain?—I hpe s/nt.——你认为会下雨吗？——我希望下/不下。
四、常用的与if相关的省略结构if ever如果曾经发生过的话if busy如果忙的话if pssible如果有可能的话if s如果这样的话if nt如果不这样的话if necessary如果有必要的话
即时演练(二)单句语法填空1．They face a lt f challenges when ________ (try) t get fd.2．I hpe it will be fine this Sunday. If _____, we'll g fr an uting.3．Thugh ________ (face) great pressure, the speakers bravely vercame it.4．Music and art, when ______ (use) in hspitals, help t imprve the cnditins f patients by reducing stress, anxiety and bld pressure.5．While __________ (stand) there, he heard a cry fr help.
考点三 倒装句一、部分倒装1．表示否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有never, seldm, rarely, little, few, at n time, by n means, n lnger, hardly/scarcely ..., n sner ..., nt nly als ..., nt ..., nwhere, neither ... nr ... 等。Seldm had he seen a child with s much talent.他很少见到如此有天赋的孩子。By n means shall we give up.我们决不会放弃。
2．“nly＋状语(从句)”置于句首时，句子(主句)要用部分倒装。Only when he returned did we find ut the truth.只有当他回来之后，我们才发现事实的真相。3．s/such ... that ... 结构中的s，such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。S beautiful was the girl that she wn the champinship in the beauty cntest.这位小女孩非常漂亮，所以她赢得了选美比赛的冠军。
4．表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“s/neither/nr＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(s 表示肯定意义，neither/nr 表示否定意义)。She can't understand his lecture, nr can I.她不懂他的演讲，我也不懂。This is nt my stry; nr is it the whle stry.My stry plays ut differently.这不是我的故事；也不是故事的全部。我的故事结局不同。
5．在as/thugh引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形要位于句首，构成倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。Strange as it may sund, if yu're unsatisfied, the issue is nt a lack f means t meet yur desires but a lack f desires.尽管这听起来很奇怪，但是如果你不满意，问题不是缺少满足你愿望的方法，而是你根本就没有愿望。
二、完全倒装1．here, there, nw, then, ut, in, up, dwn, away, n the wall, in the rm 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装语序。By the windw sat a yung man with a magazine in his hand.一位年轻人坐在窗边，手里拿着一本杂志。
2．有时为平衡句子结构或突出强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。Present at the party were Mr. Green and many ther guests.出席晚会的有格林先生，还有许多其他宾客。
即时演练(三)单句语法填空1．But here _______ (cme) a prblem; shuld we clne humans?2．The parents didn't tlerate their kids' rudeness at the party, nr _____ (d) they allw themselves t be disbeyed.3．Absurd ___________ it might sund, everyne present was amused by his adventure stry in Africa.
4．Only after talking t tw students _____ I discver that having strng mtivatin is ne f the biggest factrs in reaching gals.5．S clearly ______ (d) he speak English that he can always make himself understd.
考点四 其他特殊句式一、感叹句1．what引导的感叹句(1)What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！What a beautiful picture it is!多么美丽的一幅画啊！(2)What＋形容词＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！What interesting stries he's tld us!他给我们讲的故事真有趣！
2．hw引导的感叹句(1)Hw＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！Hw clever a by he is！＝What a clever by he is!他是一个多么聪明的男孩呀！(2)Hw＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！Hw high the muntain is!这山真高呀！
二、祈使句祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。句中一般不出现主语，谓语动词一律用原形；否定形式可以在动词前加dn't；强调形式是在句首加d。D be careful while yu are crssing the rad.过马路时你一定要小心。
三、附加疑问句附加疑问句，又称反意疑问句，由“陈述部分＋附加疑问部分”构成，若陈述部分为肯定式，则附加疑问部分为否定式，反之亦然。1．陈述部分含有must的附加疑问句(1)当must作“必须”讲时，其附加疑问句的动词用needn't; 当mustn't作“不允许，禁止”讲时，其附加疑问句的动词用must。Yu must g nw, needn't yu?你现在必须走，不是吗？Yu mustn't smke here, must yu?你不能在这里吸烟，是吧？
(2)当must表示推测，作“一定，准是”讲时，附加疑问部分的动词形式要根据must后面的动词所表示的时间来确定。Yu must have watched the ftball match last night, didn't yu?你昨晚一定看足球比赛了，不是吗？2．陈述部分含有used t时，其附加疑问句的动词用usedn't或didn't均可。Yu used t play ftball, usedn't/didn't yu?你过去常常踢足球，不是吗？
3．陈述部分含有ught t时，其附加疑问句的动词用ughtn't或shuldn't均可。He ught t attend the meeting, ughtn't/shuldn't he?他应该参加会议，不是吗？4．陈述部分含有否定词的附加疑问句(1)当陈述部分含有seldm, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nthing, nbdy等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分动词用肯定式。He culd hardly get up, culd he?他几乎起不来了，是吗？
(2)陈述部分含有由表示否定意义的前缀或后缀构成的词，附加疑问部分的动词一般用否定式。Mary dislikes sprts, desn't she?玛丽不喜欢体育运动，不是吗？(3)陈述部分含有宾语从句时，附加疑问部分的主语和动词应和主句的主语和谓语保持一致。He said that she wuld cme here n time, didn't he?他说她会准时来这里，不是吗？
【点津】当主句是I think/believe/suppse等结构时，附加疑问部分往往根据宾语从句的主语和谓语而定，需特别注意否定转移现象中的肯定式和否定式。I dn't think he will attend the meeting n time, will he?我认为他不会准时参加会议，是吗？
即时演练(四)单句语法填空1．______ a fantastic Chinese painting shw it is!2．We frgt t bring ur tickets, but please let us enter, ______ yu?3．_____ beautiful the West Lake is!4．I was abut t give up when my teacher shuted at me，“Keep up, _____ yu will make it.”
集训夯基 · 素养提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2023·北京卷)When _____(see) frm afar, the mangrve frests appear mre splendid.解析：考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrve frests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen frm afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。
2．(2022·浙江卷)I started t wait t leave immediately we arrived at the place, and s _____ he.解析：考查部分倒装。句意：我们一到那个地方，我就开始等着离开，他也是。s＋助动词＋主语表示“……也……”。故填did。
3．(2021·天津卷)Wuld yu like the pprtunity t earn extra cash clse t hme? If ____，we have a vacancy in ur team which wuld suit yu.解析：考查省略句。句意：您希望有机会在家附近赚取额外现金吗？如果是这样的话，我们团队中有一个适合你的空缺。s代指前文在家附近赚取额外现金。故填s。
4．(2021·天津卷)Althugh ____________ (exhaust), it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.解析：考查省略句。句意：虽然很累，但它给了我能量、热情和幸福。根据句意可知it与exhaust之间是主动关系，动词的ing形式修饰物。故填exhausting。
5．(2021·浙江卷)It was nly when I tried t remve my head ______ I realized getting ut was ging t be less straightfrward than getting in.解析：考查强调句型。句意：只有当我试着把头移开时，我才意识到走出去不会像进去那么简单。本题强调时间状语nly when I tried t remve my head。故填that。
6．(2021·全国甲卷) When ________ (try) a certain trick n the beam (横杆), I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand.解析：考查省略句。句意：在横杆上尝试某个技巧时， 我跌倒在石头上，伤了我手上的一根神经。根据句意可知I与try之间是主动关系，从句省略了I was。故填trying。
7．(全国Ⅰ卷)Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins，three are declining，six _____ (be) stable，ne is increasing，and nine lack enugh data.解析：考查省略。根据“three are declining”可知，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“plar bear subppulatins”，故谓语用复数形式；由后文中的“nine lack enugh data”可知，用一般现在时。故填are。
8．(新课标Ⅱ卷)I recnsidered my gal and decided t be a dctr. _______ were tw reasns fr the decisin.解析：考查there be句型。句意：有两个原因可以解释这个决定。故填There。
9．(天津卷)It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse ______ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.解析：考查强调句型。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来，我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was ＋ 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)＋ that/ wh (当被强调部分指人)＋ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse。故填that。
10．(北京卷)In any unsafe situatin, simply _______(press) the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.解析：考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子。只有动词原形可以构成祈使句。故填press。
11．(新课标Ⅱ卷)China's apprach t prtecting its envirnment while _________ (feed) its citizens “ffers useful lessns fr agriculture and fd plicymakers wrldwide.” says the bank's Juergen Vegele.解析：考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is。故填feeding。
12．(天津卷)It was when I gt back t my apartment ______ I first came acrss my new neighbrs.解析：考查强调句型。此处为强调句型：it ，被强调的是句中的时间状语从句。故填that。13．(江苏卷)______(be) it nt fr the supprt f the teachers，the student culd nt vercme her difficulty.解析：考查省略。该句是省略if的虚拟条件句，省略if后需要将were提前构成倒装。故填Were。
14．(上海卷)But like s many ther things，it is nly t much stress______ des yu harm.解析：考查强调句型。将it is与空处去掉后，nly t much stress des yu harm句子成分完整，句意明确，故本句是强调句。因强调的内容是主语nly t much stress，因此空处应填that。故填that。
15．(天津卷)Only when Lily walked int the ffice _____ she realize that she had left the cntract at hme.解析：考查倒装和动词的时态。句意：直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。“nly＋状语从句”位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。根据时间状语when Lily walked int the ffice可知，要用一般过去时。故填did。
16．(湖北卷)Int the cmplete silence f the waiting class _____(cme) the teacher's sweet vice，“Gd mrning，children.”解析：考查倒装。本句为表示方位的介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装结构。故填came。
Ⅱ.语法填空特殊句式专练It was at midnight________ Lucy wke up. ______ hungry was she that she realized that she did have t get up t get smething t eat. She went t the kitchen. There was a cabbage, sme hams and sme eggs in the fridge. N sner _______ she taken ut what she needed than she realized she had n idea hw t deal with the fd. In fact, seldm had she cked fr herself befre. “_______ I learned cking frm my mther, I wuld have becme a gd ck.”she sighed and cntinued her jb. Hwever, hardly had she tried
t turn n ne f the tw taps abve the sink ________ she nticed it didn't wrk. Neither culd anther tap. Only with the help f the spanner _______ water cme ut f the tap at last. But unluckily, she cut her finger while ___________(cut)hams. Out ran Lucy at nce. With a bandage ____________(wrap) her wunded finger she finished cking a delicius meal at last. Then ________(cme) a gd smell frm the kitchen. Being at
table，she gt dwn t enjying her fd. Unfrtunately，nt until she tasted her fd ________ she find she frgt t add sme salt t it. “Must I fall asleep while being hungry？”said Lucy.语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Lucy半夜醒来自己做饭吃的不愉快的经历。
解析：1．考查强调句型。所填词与句首的It was构成“It ”的强调句，强调的是时间状语at midnight。故填that。2．考查结构。句中s＋adj./adv.位于句首时，主句需用倒装，that从句的语序用正常语序。故填S。3．考查倒装和动词的时态。n 中，当 n sner提前至句首时，其后用部分倒装。而且含n sner的主句用过去完成时，than后从句用一般过去时。故填had。
4．考查省略。虚拟条件句省略if时，需将were，had或 shuld提前，构成部分倒装。此处Had I learned...＝If I had learned...。故填Had。5．考查特殊句型。，N 结构都表示“一……就……”。故填when。6．考查倒装。当nly＋状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)放在句首时，要用部分倒装。此时态应用一般过去时。故填did。7．考查省略。当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it，且含有be动词时，可省略从句主语和be动词，构成状语从句的省略结构。故填cutting。
8．考查with复合结构。wrap与bandage 之间是主动关系。故填wrapping。9．考查倒装。当句首是表示时间的副词then，nw，且谓语是cme，g等时，句子常用完全倒装。再由全文及then可知，用一般过去时。故填came。10．考查倒装。nt until引导的状语从句放句首时，状语从句用正常语序主句需要用部分倒装。再由语境可知，要用一般过去时。故填did。
Ⅲ.写作运用(根据汉语提示完成下面短文，注意特殊句式的运用)My favurite prverb is“Where there's a will, there's a way.” It means that nly if we stick t ur dreams and never give up 1.____________________________________________ (我们将能克服各种各样的困难).
will we be able t
vercme all kinds f difficulties
Memries rushed t my mind when I saw this ________ (在高中的时候), I had great enthusiasm fr English and intended t take part in an English speech cntest.Hwever, 3.____________________ (在准备比赛的时候), I fund it very challenging t cllect infrmatin and use the language crrectly.I was abut t give up when my dad nticed and ffered this prverb t me.Thanks t my father's encuragement, I spared n effrt t slve every prblem with cnfidence.If it hadn't helped me, I culdn't have wn the prize finally.Only then 4.______________________________________ (我才意识到坚强的意志是多么重要)!
When in high
when preparing fr it
did I realize hw imprtant a strng
考点突破 · 精讲即练
考点一 强调句一、强调句1．强调句的基本句型结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人，且作主语时，引导词也可用wh。强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。It is ur teacher wh/that helps us make great prgress.是我们的老师帮助我们取得了巨大的进步。
2．强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋句子其他部分？Was it in the park that he met ur new teacher?他是在公园里遇到了我们的新老师吗？3．强调句的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/wh＋句子其他部分？When was it that he made up his mind t take this curse?他是什么时候决定上这门课的？
【点津】由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序。He asked me wh it was that tk his umbrella by mistake.他问我是谁错拿了他的伞。4．nt ... until ...句型的强调结构：It is/was nt 。It was nt until twelve 'clck last night that I went t bed.昨天晚上直到十二点我才去睡觉。
二、强调谓语动词用助动词d，des或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中，d还可以用于祈使句。The family did manage t send him t a technical schl.这家人确实设法把他送到了一所技术学校。
三、强调句与三大从句的区别
即时演练(一)单句语法填空1．I can't remember what it was ______ made the teacher give Mary the permissin t leave the class earlier.2．____ was because I was stuck in the traffic that I came late.3．It was he __________ shwed me hw t smile thrugh the tugh times.4．It was nt until we heard that she was safe and sund ______ we finally breathed a sigh f relief. 5．Was it yesterday ______ yu met yur teacher in the street?
考点二 省略句一、状语从句的省略在时间、让步、方式、条件、地点等状语从句中，如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。While (I was) walking the dg n the street the ther day, I met ne f my ld friends.前几天在街上遛狗的时候，我遇到了我的一位老朋友。
If (yu are) asked t lk after luggage fr smene else, yu shuld infrm the plice at nce.如果被要求替别人照看行李，你应该立即通知警察。There are sme health prblems that, if/when (sme health prblems are) nt treated in time, can becme bigger nes later n.有些健康问题，如果不及时治疗，以后会变得更严重。
二、动词不定式的省略1．动词不定式作动词(expect, refuse, mean, like, lve, prefer, wish, hpe, want 等)的宾语或作一些动词(expect，want, tell，rder等)的宾补时，常承前省略动词不定式后的内容，但保留动词不定式符号t。Jhn didn't pass his driving test, but I expected him t (pass his driving test)．约翰没有通过驾照考试，不过我希望他能通过。
2．当动词不定式在形容词(glad，happy，pleased，delighted, anxius等)后作状语时，t后的内容常承前省略。—Wuld yu like t cme t the party?—I'm glad t (cme t the party)．——你愿意来参加聚会吗？——我很乐意去(参加聚会)。【点津】如果动词不定式中含有be，have，have been时，通常保留be，have，have been。
三、s/nt构成替代省略英语中还常常用s/nt等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，s/nt多跟在以I'm afraid, I hpe, I think, I guess, I believe等开头的答句中。—D yu think it will rain?—I hpe s/nt.——你认为会下雨吗？——我希望下/不下。
四、常用的与if相关的省略结构if ever如果曾经发生过的话if busy如果忙的话if pssible如果有可能的话if s如果这样的话if nt如果不这样的话if necessary如果有必要的话
即时演练(二)单句语法填空1．They face a lt f challenges when ________ (try) t get fd.2．I hpe it will be fine this Sunday. If _____, we'll g fr an uting.3．Thugh ________ (face) great pressure, the speakers bravely vercame it.4．Music and art, when ______ (use) in hspitals, help t imprve the cnditins f patients by reducing stress, anxiety and bld pressure.5．While __________ (stand) there, he heard a cry fr help.
考点三 倒装句一、部分倒装1．表示否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有never, seldm, rarely, little, few, at n time, by n means, n lnger, hardly/scarcely ..., n sner ..., nt nly als ..., nt ..., nwhere, neither ... nr ... 等。Seldm had he seen a child with s much talent.他很少见到如此有天赋的孩子。By n means shall we give up.我们决不会放弃。
2．“nly＋状语(从句)”置于句首时，句子(主句)要用部分倒装。Only when he returned did we find ut the truth.只有当他回来之后，我们才发现事实的真相。3．s/such ... that ... 结构中的s，such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。S beautiful was the girl that she wn the champinship in the beauty cntest.这位小女孩非常漂亮，所以她赢得了选美比赛的冠军。
4．表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“s/neither/nr＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(s 表示肯定意义，neither/nr 表示否定意义)。She can't understand his lecture, nr can I.她不懂他的演讲，我也不懂。This is nt my stry; nr is it the whle stry.My stry plays ut differently.这不是我的故事；也不是故事的全部。我的故事结局不同。
5．在as/thugh引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形要位于句首，构成倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。Strange as it may sund, if yu're unsatisfied, the issue is nt a lack f means t meet yur desires but a lack f desires.尽管这听起来很奇怪，但是如果你不满意，问题不是缺少满足你愿望的方法，而是你根本就没有愿望。
二、完全倒装1．here, there, nw, then, ut, in, up, dwn, away, n the wall, in the rm 等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。如果主语是人称代词，则不用倒装语序。By the windw sat a yung man with a magazine in his hand.一位年轻人坐在窗边，手里拿着一本杂志。
2．有时为平衡句子结构或突出强调，将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，构成“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构。Present at the party were Mr. Green and many ther guests.出席晚会的有格林先生，还有许多其他宾客。
即时演练(三)单句语法填空1．But here _______ (cme) a prblem; shuld we clne humans?2．The parents didn't tlerate their kids' rudeness at the party, nr _____ (d) they allw themselves t be disbeyed.3．Absurd ___________ it might sund, everyne present was amused by his adventure stry in Africa.
4．Only after talking t tw students _____ I discver that having strng mtivatin is ne f the biggest factrs in reaching gals.5．S clearly ______ (d) he speak English that he can always make himself understd.
考点四 其他特殊句式一、感叹句1．what引导的感叹句(1)What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！What a beautiful picture it is!多么美丽的一幅画啊！(2)What＋形容词＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！What interesting stries he's tld us!他给我们讲的故事真有趣！
2．hw引导的感叹句(1)Hw＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！Hw clever a by he is！＝What a clever by he is!他是一个多么聪明的男孩呀！(2)Hw＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！Hw high the muntain is!这山真高呀！
二、祈使句祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。句中一般不出现主语，谓语动词一律用原形；否定形式可以在动词前加dn't；强调形式是在句首加d。D be careful while yu are crssing the rad.过马路时你一定要小心。
三、附加疑问句附加疑问句，又称反意疑问句，由“陈述部分＋附加疑问部分”构成，若陈述部分为肯定式，则附加疑问部分为否定式，反之亦然。1．陈述部分含有must的附加疑问句(1)当must作“必须”讲时，其附加疑问句的动词用needn't; 当mustn't作“不允许，禁止”讲时，其附加疑问句的动词用must。Yu must g nw, needn't yu?你现在必须走，不是吗？Yu mustn't smke here, must yu?你不能在这里吸烟，是吧？
(2)当must表示推测，作“一定，准是”讲时，附加疑问部分的动词形式要根据must后面的动词所表示的时间来确定。Yu must have watched the ftball match last night, didn't yu?你昨晚一定看足球比赛了，不是吗？2．陈述部分含有used t时，其附加疑问句的动词用usedn't或didn't均可。Yu used t play ftball, usedn't/didn't yu?你过去常常踢足球，不是吗？
3．陈述部分含有ught t时，其附加疑问句的动词用ughtn't或shuldn't均可。He ught t attend the meeting, ughtn't/shuldn't he?他应该参加会议，不是吗？4．陈述部分含有否定词的附加疑问句(1)当陈述部分含有seldm, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nthing, nbdy等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分动词用肯定式。He culd hardly get up, culd he?他几乎起不来了，是吗？
(2)陈述部分含有由表示否定意义的前缀或后缀构成的词，附加疑问部分的动词一般用否定式。Mary dislikes sprts, desn't she?玛丽不喜欢体育运动，不是吗？(3)陈述部分含有宾语从句时，附加疑问部分的主语和动词应和主句的主语和谓语保持一致。He said that she wuld cme here n time, didn't he?他说她会准时来这里，不是吗？
【点津】当主句是I think/believe/suppse等结构时，附加疑问部分往往根据宾语从句的主语和谓语而定，需特别注意否定转移现象中的肯定式和否定式。I dn't think he will attend the meeting n time, will he?我认为他不会准时参加会议，是吗？
即时演练(四)单句语法填空1．______ a fantastic Chinese painting shw it is!2．We frgt t bring ur tickets, but please let us enter, ______ yu?3．_____ beautiful the West Lake is!4．I was abut t give up when my teacher shuted at me，“Keep up, _____ yu will make it.”
集训夯基 · 素养提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2023·北京卷)When _____(see) frm afar, the mangrve frests appear mre splendid.解析：考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrve frests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen frm afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。
2．(2022·浙江卷)I started t wait t leave immediately we arrived at the place, and s _____ he.解析：考查部分倒装。句意：我们一到那个地方，我就开始等着离开，他也是。s＋助动词＋主语表示“……也……”。故填did。
3．(2021·天津卷)Wuld yu like the pprtunity t earn extra cash clse t hme? If ____，we have a vacancy in ur team which wuld suit yu.解析：考查省略句。句意：您希望有机会在家附近赚取额外现金吗？如果是这样的话，我们团队中有一个适合你的空缺。s代指前文在家附近赚取额外现金。故填s。
4．(2021·天津卷)Althugh ____________ (exhaust), it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.解析：考查省略句。句意：虽然很累，但它给了我能量、热情和幸福。根据句意可知it与exhaust之间是主动关系，动词的ing形式修饰物。故填exhausting。
5．(2021·浙江卷)It was nly when I tried t remve my head ______ I realized getting ut was ging t be less straightfrward than getting in.解析：考查强调句型。句意：只有当我试着把头移开时，我才意识到走出去不会像进去那么简单。本题强调时间状语nly when I tried t remve my head。故填that。
6．(2021·全国甲卷) When ________ (try) a certain trick n the beam (横杆), I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand.解析：考查省略句。句意：在横杆上尝试某个技巧时， 我跌倒在石头上，伤了我手上的一根神经。根据句意可知I与try之间是主动关系，从句省略了I was。故填trying。
7．(全国Ⅰ卷)Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins，three are declining，six _____ (be) stable，ne is increasing，and nine lack enugh data.解析：考查省略。根据“three are declining”可知，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“plar bear subppulatins”，故谓语用复数形式；由后文中的“nine lack enugh data”可知，用一般现在时。故填are。
8．(新课标Ⅱ卷)I recnsidered my gal and decided t be a dctr. _______ were tw reasns fr the decisin.解析：考查there be句型。句意：有两个原因可以解释这个决定。故填There。
9．(天津卷)It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse ______ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.解析：考查强调句型。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来，我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was ＋ 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)＋ that/ wh (当被强调部分指人)＋ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse。故填that。
10．(北京卷)In any unsafe situatin, simply _______(press) the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.解析：考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子。只有动词原形可以构成祈使句。故填press。
11．(新课标Ⅱ卷)China's apprach t prtecting its envirnment while _________ (feed) its citizens “ffers useful lessns fr agriculture and fd plicymakers wrldwide.” says the bank's Juergen Vegele.解析：考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is。故填feeding。
12．(天津卷)It was when I gt back t my apartment ______ I first came acrss my new neighbrs.解析：考查强调句型。此处为强调句型：it ，被强调的是句中的时间状语从句。故填that。13．(江苏卷)______(be) it nt fr the supprt f the teachers，the student culd nt vercme her difficulty.解析：考查省略。该句是省略if的虚拟条件句，省略if后需要将were提前构成倒装。故填Were。
14．(上海卷)But like s many ther things，it is nly t much stress______ des yu harm.解析：考查强调句型。将it is与空处去掉后，nly t much stress des yu harm句子成分完整，句意明确，故本句是强调句。因强调的内容是主语nly t much stress，因此空处应填that。故填that。
15．(天津卷)Only when Lily walked int the ffice _____ she realize that she had left the cntract at hme.解析：考查倒装和动词的时态。句意：直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。“nly＋状语从句”位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。根据时间状语when Lily walked int the ffice可知，要用一般过去时。故填did。
16．(湖北卷)Int the cmplete silence f the waiting class _____(cme) the teacher's sweet vice，“Gd mrning，children.”解析：考查倒装。本句为表示方位的介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装结构。故填came。
Ⅱ.语法填空特殊句式专练It was at midnight________ Lucy wke up. ______ hungry was she that she realized that she did have t get up t get smething t eat. She went t the kitchen. There was a cabbage, sme hams and sme eggs in the fridge. N sner _______ she taken ut what she needed than she realized she had n idea hw t deal with the fd. In fact, seldm had she cked fr herself befre. “_______ I learned cking frm my mther, I wuld have becme a gd ck.”she sighed and cntinued her jb. Hwever, hardly had she tried
t turn n ne f the tw taps abve the sink ________ she nticed it didn't wrk. Neither culd anther tap. Only with the help f the spanner _______ water cme ut f the tap at last. But unluckily, she cut her finger while ___________(cut)hams. Out ran Lucy at nce. With a bandage ____________(wrap) her wunded finger she finished cking a delicius meal at last. Then ________(cme) a gd smell frm the kitchen. Being at
table，she gt dwn t enjying her fd. Unfrtunately，nt until she tasted her fd ________ she find she frgt t add sme salt t it. “Must I fall asleep while being hungry？”said Lucy.语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Lucy半夜醒来自己做饭吃的不愉快的经历。
解析：1．考查强调句型。所填词与句首的It was构成“It ”的强调句，强调的是时间状语at midnight。故填that。2．考查结构。句中s＋adj./adv.位于句首时，主句需用倒装，that从句的语序用正常语序。故填S。3．考查倒装和动词的时态。n 中，当 n sner提前至句首时，其后用部分倒装。而且含n sner的主句用过去完成时，than后从句用一般过去时。故填had。
4．考查省略。虚拟条件句省略if时，需将were，had或 shuld提前，构成部分倒装。此处Had I learned...＝If I had learned...。故填Had。5．考查特殊句型。，N 结构都表示“一……就……”。故填when。6．考查倒装。当nly＋状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)放在句首时，要用部分倒装。此时态应用一般过去时。故填did。7．考查省略。当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it，且含有be动词时，可省略从句主语和be动词，构成状语从句的省略结构。故填cutting。
8．考查with复合结构。wrap与bandage 之间是主动关系。故填wrapping。9．考查倒装。当句首是表示时间的副词then，nw，且谓语是cme，g等时，句子常用完全倒装。再由全文及then可知，用一般过去时。故填came。10．考查倒装。nt until引导的状语从句放句首时，状语从句用正常语序主句需要用部分倒装。再由语境可知，要用一般过去时。故填did。
Ⅲ.写作运用(根据汉语提示完成下面短文，注意特殊句式的运用)My favurite prverb is“Where there's a will, there's a way.” It means that nly if we stick t ur dreams and never give up 1.____________________________________________ (我们将能克服各种各样的困难).
will we be able t
vercme all kinds f difficulties
Memries rushed t my mind when I saw this ________ (在高中的时候), I had great enthusiasm fr English and intended t take part in an English speech cntest.Hwever, 3.____________________ (在准备比赛的时候), I fund it very challenging t cllect infrmatin and use the language crrectly.I was abut t give up when my dad nticed and ffered this prverb t me.Thanks t my father's encuragement, I spared n effrt t slve every prblem with cnfidence.If it hadn't helped me, I culdn't have wn the prize finally.Only then 4.______________________________________ (我才意识到坚强的意志是多么重要)!
When in high
when preparing fr it
did I realize hw imprtant a strng
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