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2020版一轮复习英语新课改人教版学案：必修2Unit3Computers
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(一)课前自主学习
Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．calculator n． 计算器
2．laptop n. 手提电脑
3．revolution n. 革命
4．mathematical adj. 数学的
5．designer n. 设计师
6．network n. 网络；网状物
7．virus n. 病毒
8．naughty adj. 顽皮的；淘气的
9．spoil vt. 损坏；宠坏
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．calculate vt. 计算
2．sum n. 总数；算术题；金额
3．technology n．[纵联1] 工艺；科技；技术
4．solve vt. 解决；解答
5．reality n. 真实；事实；现实
6．mobile adj. 可移动的；机动的
7．anyhow adv.[纵联2] (也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此
8．goal n. 目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分
9．happiness n. 幸福；快乐
10．signal vi.&vt.
n．[纵联3]
11．type n. 类型
vt.&vi. 打字
12．arise vi.[纵联4] 出现；发生
13．character n. 性格；特点
14．coach n. 教练
15．electronic adj. 电子的
16．universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的
17．artificial adj. 人造的；假的
18．download vt. 下载
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．operator n．(电脑)操作员；接线员→operate v．操作；经营→operation n．操作；经营
2．simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的[纵联5]
3．logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地
4．intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的→intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能
5．total adj.总的；整个的n.总数；合计 vt.共计；总计；把……加起来→totally adv.完全地；整个地
6．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→personally adv.就个人而言；亲自→personality n．个性；性格；名人
7．application n．应用；用途；申请→apply v．应用；涉及；申请→applicant n．申请人；求职者
8．finance n．金融；财经→financial adj.财政的；金融的；资金的
9．explore vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究→explorer n．探险家；勘探者→exploration n．勘探；探测；探险
10．appearance n．外观；外貌；出现→appear vi.出现
纵联1.以ology结尾高频名词一览
①technology科技 ②biology生物学
③ecology生态学 ④geology地理/地质学
⑤psychology心理学 ⑥physiology生理学
纵联2.“不管怎样，无论如何”家族
①anyhow ②anyway
③however ④in any case
纵联3.长相虽相似，不是亲兄弟
①signal n．信号 ②sign n．迹象；符号
③sigh v．叹息 ④sight n．视力；情景
⑤single adj.单个的；单身的
纵联4.ABC式过去式、过去分词变化
①arise→arose→arisen ②drive→drove→driven
③ride→rode→ridden ④rise→rose→risen
⑤write→wrote→written
纵联5.以“ify”结尾的动词荟萃
①simplify简化 ②beautify美化
③purify净化 ④identify鉴定；识别出
⑤classify分类 ⑥horrify使恐惧
单元话题——计算机
子话题1 软件和硬件
①keyboard n．键盘 ②modem n．调制解调器
③monitor n．显示器 ④mouse (复mice) n．鼠标
⑤printer n．打印机 ⑥screen n．幕；荧光屏
⑦software n．软件 ⑧microcomputer n．微机
⑨hardware n. 硬件 ⑩system n．体系；系统
⑪data n．数据；资料 ⑫browser n．浏览器
子话题2 计算机操作
①search n．&v.搜索 ②copy v．复制；拷贝
③surf v．浏览 ④click v. 点击(计算机用语)
⑤insert vt. 插入 ⑥delete v．删去
⑦boot v．启动 ⑧upload vt.上传
⑨log v．登录 ⑩scroll v．上下滚动
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2014·浙江高考阅读C) These health benefits apply❶ to the workplace as well.Rachel Kaplan, a professor of environmental psychology，has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural❷ environments.Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office — even simple❸ views of trees and flowers — felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying.If lowtech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages.
①写出加彩词在本单元中的同根名词：_application
②写出natural在本单元中的反义词：artificial
③写出simple 在本单元中的同根动词：_simplify_
2．(2014·湖北高考阅读C) This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality❶ plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things.The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认知的)tasks not because they aren’t clever❷ enough ❸ (solve) them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
①写出personality在本单元中的同根形容词：personal
②写出加彩词在本单元的同义词：intelligent，其名词形式为intelligence, artificial intelligence意为人工智能
③用solve的适当形式填空：to_solve
高考采撷(二) 写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2014·安徽高考书面表达) 每个人都会遇到像你这样的问题。如何解决这个问题非常重要，这里有一些建议。(solve)
Everybody_will_meet_such_a_problem_like_you._How_to_solve_it_is_very_important_and_here_is_some_advice.
2．(2013·北京高考书面表达)我认为这幅图是在告诉我们通常梦想和现实之间是有区别的。(reality)
I_think_the_picture_is_telling_us_that_there_is_usually_a_difference_between_one’s_dream_and_reality.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．solve vt.解决；解答
[记牢]
(1)solve problems 解决问题
(2)solution n. 解决办法；处理手段
a/the solution to sth. ……的解决方法
[练通] 单句语法填空
①(2017·北京高考)Solving (solve) the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.
②With most of the problems solved (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mind.
③It may take a long time to find a solution (solve) to the problem.
[写美] 补全句子
④为了解决这个问题，我和我的朋友一心想要给学校写点建议。
In_order_to_solve_the_problem,_I, together with my friends, am bent on writing some suggestions to our school.
2. signal vi.&vt.发信号n.信号
[记牢]
(1)signal to sb.to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (to sb.) that ... 示意(某人)……
(2)a traffic signal 交通信号
send out a signal 发出信号
[练通] 单句语法填空
①She signaled that she was about to turn left.
②As soon as he sat down at the table, he signaled to the waiter to bring the menu.
③(2015·浙江高考)Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
[写美] 句式升级
The bell rang, and signaled that school was over.
→④The bell rang, which_signaled_that_school_was_over.(非限制性定语从句)
→⑤The bell rang, signaling_that_school_was_over.(分词作状语)
3．arise vi.(arose, arisen, arising)出现；发生；引起；产生；起身；起床
[辨清] 写出下列句中arise的含义
①Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身
②New problems will arise one after another in the future.出现
③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床
④Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting？产生
[记牢]
(1)arise from＝arise out of 由……引起/产生；
从……中产生
(2)arise from one’s chair/seat 从椅子/座位上站起来
[练通] 补全句子
⑤As is known to all, emotional or mental problems can_arise_from_a physical cause.
众所周知，身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。
[用准] arise为不及物动词，表示“出现，发生”时，主语一般为argument, difficulty, misunderstanding, problem, quarrel, trouble等抽象名词，无被动语态。
[写美] 翻译句子
⑥(2015·江苏高考书面表达)开车时你越小心越好。事故往往是由疏忽大意造成的。
You_can’t_be_too_careful_while_driving._Accidents_often_arise_from_carelessness.
[词汇过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Seeing their favourite star come in, the devoted fans arose (起身) from their seats immediately.
2．The policeman scolded the driver for turning without a signal (信号)．
3．Her childhood dream became a reality (现实) when she broke the world record.
4．The software downloaded (下载) on the Internet must be installed properly.
5．It is wellknown that overpopulation is a universal (普遍的) problem.
6．I haven’t calculated (计算；估算) the cost that we will spend in travelling.
7．When the computer is stopped in this way, it can only be restarted by the operator (操作员)．
8．I think happiness (幸福) depends on our attitude towards life.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Personally (person), I think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one.
2．We should not judge a person by his appearance (appear) but people make that mistake from time to time.
3．This question is too difficult for the children. I think we’d better find a way to simplify (simple) it.
4．It’s like learning a totally (total) new language.
5．When a person writes, he must organize his mind to express his ideas and feelings more logically (logical)．
6．It is universally (universal) believed that computers have entered the ordinary people’s homes.
7．A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head, signalling (signal) that he was strongly opposed.
8．Have you filled in the application (apply) form for a new passport?
9．Dozens of unexplained mysteries exist in the world, which keeps the explorers (explore) puzzled.
10．When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence (intelligent) and not be a slave to them!
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子/一句多译
1．说实话，我对如何解决这个问题感到困惑。(solve)
To be honest, I'm at a loss how_to_solve_the_problem.
2．会议结束了，他示意该走了。(signal)
The meeting was over; he_signaled_that_it_was_time_to_leave.
3．休息时，他开始处理课上出现的问题。(arise)
①At break, he got down to dealing with the matters arising_from_his_class.(分词作定语)
②At break, he got down to dealing with the matters which_arose_from_his_class.(定语从句)
Ⅳ.语境辨义
根据语境选出名词character的词义
(A)角色；人物 (B)品质；性格
(C)特色；特性；特点 (D)文字
1．Kindness and violence can shape one's character.__B__
2．They are the two main characters in the play.__A__
3．—The town is so beautiful! I just love it.
—Me too. The character of the town is well preserved.__C__
4．There are 80,000 Chinese characters, most of which are seldom used today.__D__
(一)课前自主学习
1．from_..._on 从……时起
2．in_a_way_ 在某种程度上
3．with_the_help_of 在……的帮助下
4．deal_with 处理；安排；对付；应付
5．watch_over 看守；监视；照管
6．provide_..._with_... 给……提供……
7．have_..._in_common 有……共同之处
8．share_..._with_... [串记1] 与……分享……
9．as_a_result 结果
10．make_up 弥补；编造；打扮；构成
11．after_all [串记2] 毕竟；终究
12．make_good_use_of 充分利用
[同根短语串记]
串记1.都与“with”交朋友
①share ... with ... 与……分享……
②cover ... with ... 用……覆盖……
③equip ... with ... 用……装备……
④mix ... with ... 把……和……混合
⑤connect ... with ... 把……与……连接起来
⑥provide ...with ... 给……提供……
串记2.all相关短语荟萃
①after all毕竟 ②in all总共；总计
③above all首先；最重要的是 ④first of all首先
⑤all in all总的来说 ⑥not at all一点也不
1．over time 随着时间的推移
2．artificial intelligence 人工智能
3．in the_early 1960s 在20世纪60年代初
4．help with medical operations 帮助做医疗手术
5．a life of high quality 高质量的生活
6．a devoted friend 一个忠实的朋友
7．tell stories 讲故事
8．win second place 赢得第二名
1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years_before_I_was_built_as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
2．As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller.
随着时间的流逝，我被做得更小了。
3．And my memory became so_large_that even I couldn’t believe it！我的存储量变得如此之大，以至于我自己都不能相信！
4．She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while_watching_human_games.她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们的程序。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 完形中的短语(补全句子)
1．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ完形填空) Powerful, yes, but not always accurate. For years I dealt_with (与……打交道) my travel agent only by phone.
2．(2013·广东高考完形填空)It seems that number sense is something we have in_common_with_(与……相同) many animals in this world, and that our human ability is not much better than a crow’s.
高考采撷(二) 写作中的短语和句式
(补全句子/词汇升级)
1．(2015·广东高考写作)在我看来，在我们老师的帮助下我们把组织一些课外活动成为一项规定会更好。
In my opinion, it is better to make it a rule that we organize some afterclass activities regularly with_the_help_of our teachers.
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)As I know, you are good at taking pictures. Therefore (＝As_a_result), I’m writing to you to invite you to participate.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)
3．(2018·6月浙江高考写作)当我在一家旅行社作兼职工作时，我积累了一些相关经验。(as引导时间状语从句)
I accumulated some related experience as_I_worked_parttime_in_a_travel_agency.
4．(2016·北京高考书面表达)我们做得很好，因此我们被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。(so ... that ...)
We did so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with all the students of our school.
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
1．as a result结果
[记牢]
(1)as a result of 因为；由于
(2)result in 导致；造成
result from 由……造成；起因于
[练通]
单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
②Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping.
句型转换
He was too careless; as a result, he failed the English test.
→③He failed the English test as_a_result_of_carelessness.
→④His carelessness_resulted_in his failure in the English test.
→⑤His failure in the English test resulted_from his carelessness.
[用准] (1)as a result意为“因此，结果”，是介词短语，常作状语。(2)as a result of意为“由于”，是介词短语，表示原因，只能接名词/代词/动名词及what引导的名词性从句。
[写美] 补全句子
⑥(2016·北京高考书面表达)郑和在海上航行了28年，到过30多个国家。因此，中国经济发展得更快，中国被世界上更多的人所知。
Zheng He spent 28 years on the ocean journeys and went to more than thirty countries. As_a_result,_China’s_economy_developed_faster_and_China_was_known_by_more_people_in_the_world.
2．in a way在某种程度上；从某一角度看
[记牢]
all the way 一路上；自始至终；完全
by the way 顺便说一下
in no way 一点也不；决不(位于句首时，
句子应使用部分倒装)
in this way 用这种方法
in the way 挡道；碍事
on the way 在途中
[练通]
选用上述短语填空
①In_a_way,_the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work.
②Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in_the_way whenever she tries to.
③He decided that he would drive_all_the_way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.
补全句子
④In no way should_you_lose_heart_when you are faced with difficulties.
面对困难时，你决不应该失去信心。
[写美] 翻译句子
⑤只有用这种方式他们才能独立成长、真正成功。
Only_in_this_way_can_they_grow_up_to_be_independent_and_become_truly_successful.
3. deal with处理；安排；对付；应付；论及；涉及；与……打交道；做买卖
[辨清] 写出下列句中deal with的含义
①As a child, he never left his parents, so he didn’t get used to dealing with everything in school independently.处理；应付
②His article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about.论及；涉及
③His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.与……打交道
[记牢]
(1)deal in 经营
make a deal 成交；达成交易
(2)do with sth. 处理某事
[练通] 补全句子
④I don’t know how to deal_with the man dealing_in second cars. Can you tell me what to do_with my old car?
我不知道如何与那个买卖二手车的人打交道。你能告诉我如何处理我的那辆旧车吗？
[用准] deal with表示“处理”时，常与疑问词how连用；do with表示“处理”时，常与疑问词what连用。
[写美] 补全句子
⑤(2015·浙江高考书面表达)对于组织班级活动我们或许有不同的观点。我们也许有不同的方法来解决这一情况。
We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may have_various_ways_to_deal_with_such_a_situation.
[句式集释]
1．as引导状语从句
[教材原句] As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)As time went on/by, he contented himself with a simple life.
＝With_time_going_on/by,_he contented himself with a simple life.
随着时间的流逝，他满足于过简朴的生活。
(2)I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao”， just as_I_might_do_in_China.
我离他们足够近能听见他们正在说汉语，并且我像在中国可能做的那样说了声“你好”。
(3)(2017·天津高考书面表达)As_I_was_busy_preparing_for_my_final_exam,_I didn’t reply to your email as soon as I received it.因为我正忙着准备期末考试，我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。
(4)Child_as_he_is,_he knows how to help others.
他虽是个孩子，却知道如何帮助别人。
(5)(2015·福建高考)The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as_enthusiastic_as ever.
这次失败对他来说是个大的打击，但是他并未感到沮丧并且很快变得和以前一样充满热情。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
as作连词，有以下用法：
(1) “当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”，引导时间状语从句。
(2)“按照……的方式(办法)；如同……”，引导方式状语从句。
(3)“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。
(4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
(5)引导比较状语从句，常用于as ... as ... 句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。
注意事项
(1)当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。
(2)with意为“随着”时是介词，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构。
[背写作佳句]
(1)As the summer break is approaching, I will be free for almost three months.(开头句)
(2)I think you look great as you are, and you’re a wonderful person.(要点句)
2．so/such ... that ...引导结果状语从句
[教材原句] And my memory became so_large_that even I couldn’t believe it!
[悟拓展例句]
(1)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I was so_nervous_that I could hardly tell which direction was left.
我非常紧张，几乎不知道哪个方向是左边。
(2)As can be seen from the picture, a boy is burdened with such_heavy_homework_that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
正如图画上所看到的一样，一个男孩肩负着那么沉重的作业以至于他看上去好像再也承受不住了。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)so ... that ... “如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构为：
(2)such ... that ... “如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构为：
注意事项
在“so ...that ...”和“such ... that ...”结构中，当“so＋adj./adv.”及“such ...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。例如：
So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.
[背写作佳句]
(1)(2018·江苏高考书面表达)Everyone is faced with such wonderful commodities every day that they find they are difficult to choose from.(要点句)
(2)(2018·北京高考书面表达)So fast is Beijing developing that you can never imagine what it will be like next year.(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.选词填空
1．They quarreled the other day but made_up soon.
2．With_the_help_of local media, he has already found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females.
3．I’m going to deliver a speech about how to deal_with troubles.
4．They use specially trained dogs to_watch_over their sheep at night.
5．What he said at the meeting was reasonable in_a_way.
6．Don’t blame him for breaking that vase; after_all he is still a child.
Ⅱ.一句多译
1．随着社会的快速发展，我们发现和朋友聚会的时间变少了。
①As_the_society_develops_rapidly,_we find less time to gather with our friends.(as)
②With_the_society_developing_rapidly,_we find less time to gather with our friends.(with)
2．因为越来越多的汽车，空气质量变得更糟。(result)
①There are more and more cars._As_a_result,_air quality is getting worse.
②As_a_result_of more and more cars, air quality is getting worse.
③More and more cars have resulted_in air quality’s getting worse.
④That air quality is getting worse results_from more and more cars.
3．天气非常寒冷，以至于街上没有人。
①It was so_cold_a_day_that there was nobody on the street.(so)
②It was such_a_cold_day_that there was nobody on the street.(such)
③Such_a_cold_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(such倒装句)
④So_cold_a_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(so倒装句)
Ⅲ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City. While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.
I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple. They said they would take me.We chatted and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.I wrote them a thankyou note.Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.
Years later, I drove to a meeting in the morning.In the late afternoon I found that I'd left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.
“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble.They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.They would accept no payment, so later, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever written him to say “thank you”， and it meant a lot, he said.
“Thank you” — two powerful words. They're easy to say and mean so much.
[写作步骤]
第一步：归纳主旨大意
主旨大意：本篇为记叙文，作者用自己两次亲身经历说明向别人表示感谢的重要性。
短文结构分析：全文分为三个部分。
第一部分(第一、二段)：作者与一对夫妇偶遇，当车出现故障时得到那对夫妇的帮助，作者表示感谢，那对夫妇说给予帮助让他们的假日过得有意义。
第二部分(第三、四段)：作者的车出现故障，得到修理人员的无偿帮助，作者写信表示感谢，他们回信说这对他们来说很重要。
第三部分(第五段)：表示感谢非常重要。
第二步：提炼关键词
Part 1：
1.A_couple_offered_the_author_help when black smoke poured from the back of his car.
2．The author wrote_a_thankyou_note to the couple.
3．The couple said that helping the author had made their_holidays_meaningful.
Part 2：
4.Two_salesmen_gave_the_author_a_hand when there was something wrong with his car.
5．The_author wrote them a note to say_thanks.
6．One of the salesmen wrote back, saying it meant_a_lot.
Part 3：
7.Saying_“thank_you” was easy but meant_so_much.
第三步：合并和改写
1．要点1和4
合并：The author told us two of his experiences of being helped by the strangers, who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car.
改写：In this passage, the author described two of his experiences where_he_was_helped by the strangers, who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car.
2．要点2和5
合并：During the two experiences, the author wrote thankyou notes to the strangers.
改写：During the two experiences, the author expressed his_thanks_to the strangers.
3．要点3、6和7
合并：Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but meant so much.
改写：Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but very_meaningful.
第四步：核查成文
核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。最终成文如下：
In_this_passage,_the_author_described_two_of_his_experiences_where_he_was_helped_by_the_strangers,_who_had_given_him_a_hand_when_there_was_something_wrong_with_his_car._(要点1)And during the two experiences, the author expressed his thanks to the strangers. (要点2)Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but very meaningful.(要点3)
理清文体结构之(八) 记叙文之倒叙——“本末倒置”留悬念
倒叙是根据表达的需要，把事件的结局或某个最重要、最突出的片段提到文章的前边，然后再从事件的开头按事情原来的发展顺序进行叙述的方法。倒叙也经常出现在高考试题的语篇材料中。采用倒叙的情况一般有三种：一是为了表现文章中心思想的需要，把最能表现中心思想的部分提到前面，加以突出；二是为了使文章结构富于变化，避免平铺直叙；三是为了表达效果的需要，使文章曲折有致，形成悬念，引人入胜。
[高考典例] 2018·全国卷Ⅲ·C篇
[倒叙之中情节现]
[1]While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.
[2]Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49yearold Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.
[3]Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.
[4]The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.
[5]Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)．
[6]Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
[7]Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence that traditions. once existed，” he said.
[8]“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created，” he said.
[9]“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang.
[10]The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.
1.显现结果(中心段)
——第1、2段
关键词：take the center stage; fruitful; prize(可解第28题)
2.再叙过程
①校园建筑——第3段
关键词：campus; his original creations
②建筑特色——第4段
关键词：different; amazed; curves; a unique view(可解第29题)
③建筑理念——第5段
关键词：mixture
④内涵评价——第6段
关键句：show a deep ...traditions
⑤误解传统——第7、8、9段
关键词：sealed; old things; tend等
⑥研发方式——第10段
关键词：combined with practice(可解第31题)
[定区间·细比对]
28．Wang’s winning of means that Chinese architects are________.
A．following the latest world trend
B．getting international recognition
C．working harder than ever before
D．relying on foreign architects
29．What impressed visitors to the most?
A．Its hilly environment. B．Its large size.
C．Its unique style. D．Its diverse functions.
31. about Chinese traditions according to Wang?
A．Spread them to the world.
B．Preserve them at museums.
C．Teach them in universities.
D．Recreate them in practice.
[答案] 28.B 29.C 31.D
28．由关键词“the prize”定位到第二段第二句，结合第1段最后一句即可得出答案。
29．由“CAA Xiangshan campus”定位到第三段顺势结合第四段中的关键词汇得出答案。
31．本题为观点态度题，结合人们“误解传统”及王澍在最后一段的观点推知答案。
(一)课前自主学习
Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．calculator n． 计算器
2．laptop n. 手提电脑
3．revolution n. 革命
4．mathematical adj. 数学的
5．designer n. 设计师
6．network n. 网络；网状物
7．virus n. 病毒
8．naughty adj. 顽皮的；淘气的
9．spoil vt. 损坏；宠坏
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．calculate vt. 计算
2．sum n. 总数；算术题；金额
3．technology n．[纵联1] 工艺；科技；技术
4．solve vt. 解决；解答
5．reality n. 真实；事实；现实
6．mobile adj. 可移动的；机动的
7．anyhow adv.[纵联2] (也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此
8．goal n. 目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分
9．happiness n. 幸福；快乐
10．signal vi.&vt.
n．[纵联3]
11．type n. 类型
vt.&vi. 打字
12．arise vi.[纵联4] 出现；发生
13．character n. 性格；特点
14．coach n. 教练
15．electronic adj. 电子的
16．universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的
17．artificial adj. 人造的；假的
18．download vt. 下载
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．operator n．(电脑)操作员；接线员→operate v．操作；经营→operation n．操作；经营
2．simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的[纵联5]
3．logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地
4．intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的→intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能
5．total adj.总的；整个的n.总数；合计 vt.共计；总计；把……加起来→totally adv.完全地；整个地
6．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→personally adv.就个人而言；亲自→personality n．个性；性格；名人
7．application n．应用；用途；申请→apply v．应用；涉及；申请→applicant n．申请人；求职者
8．finance n．金融；财经→financial adj.财政的；金融的；资金的
9．explore vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究→explorer n．探险家；勘探者→exploration n．勘探；探测；探险
10．appearance n．外观；外貌；出现→appear vi.出现
纵联1.以ology结尾高频名词一览
①technology科技 ②biology生物学
③ecology生态学 ④geology地理/地质学
⑤psychology心理学 ⑥physiology生理学
纵联2.“不管怎样，无论如何”家族
①anyhow ②anyway
③however ④in any case
纵联3.长相虽相似，不是亲兄弟
①signal n．信号 ②sign n．迹象；符号
③sigh v．叹息 ④sight n．视力；情景
⑤single adj.单个的；单身的
纵联4.ABC式过去式、过去分词变化
①arise→arose→arisen ②drive→drove→driven
③ride→rode→ridden ④rise→rose→risen
⑤write→wrote→written
纵联5.以“ify”结尾的动词荟萃
①simplify简化 ②beautify美化
③purify净化 ④identify鉴定；识别出
⑤classify分类 ⑥horrify使恐惧
单元话题——计算机
子话题1 软件和硬件
①keyboard n．键盘 ②modem n．调制解调器
③monitor n．显示器 ④mouse (复mice) n．鼠标
⑤printer n．打印机 ⑥screen n．幕；荧光屏
⑦software n．软件 ⑧microcomputer n．微机
⑨hardware n. 硬件 ⑩system n．体系；系统
⑪data n．数据；资料 ⑫browser n．浏览器
子话题2 计算机操作
①search n．&v.搜索 ②copy v．复制；拷贝
③surf v．浏览 ④click v. 点击(计算机用语)
⑤insert vt. 插入 ⑥delete v．删去
⑦boot v．启动 ⑧upload vt.上传
⑨log v．登录 ⑩scroll v．上下滚动
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2014·浙江高考阅读C) These health benefits apply❶ to the workplace as well.Rachel Kaplan, a professor of environmental psychology，has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural❷ environments.Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office — even simple❸ views of trees and flowers — felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying.If lowtech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages.
①写出加彩词在本单元中的同根名词：_application
②写出natural在本单元中的反义词：artificial
③写出simple 在本单元中的同根动词：_simplify_
2．(2014·湖北高考阅读C) This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality❶ plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things.The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认知的)tasks not because they aren’t clever❷ enough ❸ (solve) them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.
①写出personality在本单元中的同根形容词：personal
②写出加彩词在本单元的同义词：intelligent，其名词形式为intelligence, artificial intelligence意为人工智能
③用solve的适当形式填空：to_solve
高考采撷(二) 写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2014·安徽高考书面表达) 每个人都会遇到像你这样的问题。如何解决这个问题非常重要，这里有一些建议。(solve)
Everybody_will_meet_such_a_problem_like_you._How_to_solve_it_is_very_important_and_here_is_some_advice.
2．(2013·北京高考书面表达)我认为这幅图是在告诉我们通常梦想和现实之间是有区别的。(reality)
I_think_the_picture_is_telling_us_that_there_is_usually_a_difference_between_one’s_dream_and_reality.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．solve vt.解决；解答
[记牢]
(1)solve problems 解决问题
(2)solution n. 解决办法；处理手段
a/the solution to sth. ……的解决方法
[练通] 单句语法填空
①(2017·北京高考)Solving (solve) the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.
②With most of the problems solved (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mind.
③It may take a long time to find a solution (solve) to the problem.
[写美] 补全句子
④为了解决这个问题，我和我的朋友一心想要给学校写点建议。
In_order_to_solve_the_problem,_I, together with my friends, am bent on writing some suggestions to our school.
2. signal vi.&vt.发信号n.信号
[记牢]
(1)signal to sb.to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (to sb.) that ... 示意(某人)……
(2)a traffic signal 交通信号
send out a signal 发出信号
[练通] 单句语法填空
①She signaled that she was about to turn left.
②As soon as he sat down at the table, he signaled to the waiter to bring the menu.
③(2015·浙江高考)Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
[写美] 句式升级
The bell rang, and signaled that school was over.
→④The bell rang, which_signaled_that_school_was_over.(非限制性定语从句)
→⑤The bell rang, signaling_that_school_was_over.(分词作状语)
3．arise vi.(arose, arisen, arising)出现；发生；引起；产生；起身；起床
[辨清] 写出下列句中arise的含义
①Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身
②New problems will arise one after another in the future.出现
③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床
④Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting？产生
[记牢]
(1)arise from＝arise out of 由……引起/产生；
从……中产生
(2)arise from one’s chair/seat 从椅子/座位上站起来
[练通] 补全句子
⑤As is known to all, emotional or mental problems can_arise_from_a physical cause.
众所周知，身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。
[用准] arise为不及物动词，表示“出现，发生”时，主语一般为argument, difficulty, misunderstanding, problem, quarrel, trouble等抽象名词，无被动语态。
[写美] 翻译句子
⑥(2015·江苏高考书面表达)开车时你越小心越好。事故往往是由疏忽大意造成的。
You_can’t_be_too_careful_while_driving._Accidents_often_arise_from_carelessness.
[词汇过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Seeing their favourite star come in, the devoted fans arose (起身) from their seats immediately.
2．The policeman scolded the driver for turning without a signal (信号)．
3．Her childhood dream became a reality (现实) when she broke the world record.
4．The software downloaded (下载) on the Internet must be installed properly.
5．It is wellknown that overpopulation is a universal (普遍的) problem.
6．I haven’t calculated (计算；估算) the cost that we will spend in travelling.
7．When the computer is stopped in this way, it can only be restarted by the operator (操作员)．
8．I think happiness (幸福) depends on our attitude towards life.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Personally (person), I think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one.
2．We should not judge a person by his appearance (appear) but people make that mistake from time to time.
3．This question is too difficult for the children. I think we’d better find a way to simplify (simple) it.
4．It’s like learning a totally (total) new language.
5．When a person writes, he must organize his mind to express his ideas and feelings more logically (logical)．
6．It is universally (universal) believed that computers have entered the ordinary people’s homes.
7．A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head, signalling (signal) that he was strongly opposed.
8．Have you filled in the application (apply) form for a new passport?
9．Dozens of unexplained mysteries exist in the world, which keeps the explorers (explore) puzzled.
10．When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence (intelligent) and not be a slave to them!
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子/一句多译
1．说实话，我对如何解决这个问题感到困惑。(solve)
To be honest, I'm at a loss how_to_solve_the_problem.
2．会议结束了，他示意该走了。(signal)
The meeting was over; he_signaled_that_it_was_time_to_leave.
3．休息时，他开始处理课上出现的问题。(arise)
①At break, he got down to dealing with the matters arising_from_his_class.(分词作定语)
②At break, he got down to dealing with the matters which_arose_from_his_class.(定语从句)
Ⅳ.语境辨义
根据语境选出名词character的词义
(A)角色；人物 (B)品质；性格
(C)特色；特性；特点 (D)文字
1．Kindness and violence can shape one's character.__B__
2．They are the two main characters in the play.__A__
3．—The town is so beautiful! I just love it.
—Me too. The character of the town is well preserved.__C__
4．There are 80,000 Chinese characters, most of which are seldom used today.__D__
(一)课前自主学习
1．from_..._on 从……时起
2．in_a_way_ 在某种程度上
3．with_the_help_of 在……的帮助下
4．deal_with 处理；安排；对付；应付
5．watch_over 看守；监视；照管
6．provide_..._with_... 给……提供……
7．have_..._in_common 有……共同之处
8．share_..._with_... [串记1] 与……分享……
9．as_a_result 结果
10．make_up 弥补；编造；打扮；构成
11．after_all [串记2] 毕竟；终究
12．make_good_use_of 充分利用
[同根短语串记]
串记1.都与“with”交朋友
①share ... with ... 与……分享……
②cover ... with ... 用……覆盖……
③equip ... with ... 用……装备……
④mix ... with ... 把……和……混合
⑤connect ... with ... 把……与……连接起来
⑥provide ...with ... 给……提供……
串记2.all相关短语荟萃
①after all毕竟 ②in all总共；总计
③above all首先；最重要的是 ④first of all首先
⑤all in all总的来说 ⑥not at all一点也不
1．over time 随着时间的推移
2．artificial intelligence 人工智能
3．in the_early 1960s 在20世纪60年代初
4．help with medical operations 帮助做医疗手术
5．a life of high quality 高质量的生活
6．a devoted friend 一个忠实的朋友
7．tell stories 讲故事
8．win second place 赢得第二名
1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years_before_I_was_built_as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
2．As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller.
随着时间的流逝，我被做得更小了。
3．And my memory became so_large_that even I couldn’t believe it！我的存储量变得如此之大，以至于我自己都不能相信！
4．She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while_watching_human_games.她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们的程序。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 完形中的短语(补全句子)
1．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ完形填空) Powerful, yes, but not always accurate. For years I dealt_with (与……打交道) my travel agent only by phone.
2．(2013·广东高考完形填空)It seems that number sense is something we have in_common_with_(与……相同) many animals in this world, and that our human ability is not much better than a crow’s.
高考采撷(二) 写作中的短语和句式
(补全句子/词汇升级)
1．(2015·广东高考写作)在我看来，在我们老师的帮助下我们把组织一些课外活动成为一项规定会更好。
In my opinion, it is better to make it a rule that we organize some afterclass activities regularly with_the_help_of our teachers.
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)As I know, you are good at taking pictures. Therefore (＝As_a_result), I’m writing to you to invite you to participate.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)
3．(2018·6月浙江高考写作)当我在一家旅行社作兼职工作时，我积累了一些相关经验。(as引导时间状语从句)
I accumulated some related experience as_I_worked_parttime_in_a_travel_agency.
4．(2016·北京高考书面表达)我们做得很好，因此我们被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。(so ... that ...)
We did so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with all the students of our school.
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
1．as a result结果
[记牢]
(1)as a result of 因为；由于
(2)result in 导致；造成
result from 由……造成；起因于
[练通]
单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
②Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping.
句型转换
He was too careless; as a result, he failed the English test.
→③He failed the English test as_a_result_of_carelessness.
→④His carelessness_resulted_in his failure in the English test.
→⑤His failure in the English test resulted_from his carelessness.
[用准] (1)as a result意为“因此，结果”，是介词短语，常作状语。(2)as a result of意为“由于”，是介词短语，表示原因，只能接名词/代词/动名词及what引导的名词性从句。
[写美] 补全句子
⑥(2016·北京高考书面表达)郑和在海上航行了28年，到过30多个国家。因此，中国经济发展得更快，中国被世界上更多的人所知。
Zheng He spent 28 years on the ocean journeys and went to more than thirty countries. As_a_result,_China’s_economy_developed_faster_and_China_was_known_by_more_people_in_the_world.
2．in a way在某种程度上；从某一角度看
[记牢]
all the way 一路上；自始至终；完全
by the way 顺便说一下
in no way 一点也不；决不(位于句首时，
句子应使用部分倒装)
in this way 用这种方法
in the way 挡道；碍事
on the way 在途中
[练通]
选用上述短语填空
①In_a_way,_the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work.
②Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in_the_way whenever she tries to.
③He decided that he would drive_all_the_way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.
补全句子
④In no way should_you_lose_heart_when you are faced with difficulties.
面对困难时，你决不应该失去信心。
[写美] 翻译句子
⑤只有用这种方式他们才能独立成长、真正成功。
Only_in_this_way_can_they_grow_up_to_be_independent_and_become_truly_successful.
3. deal with处理；安排；对付；应付；论及；涉及；与……打交道；做买卖
[辨清] 写出下列句中deal with的含义
①As a child, he never left his parents, so he didn’t get used to dealing with everything in school independently.处理；应付
②His article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about.论及；涉及
③His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.与……打交道
[记牢]
(1)deal in 经营
make a deal 成交；达成交易
(2)do with sth. 处理某事
[练通] 补全句子
④I don’t know how to deal_with the man dealing_in second cars. Can you tell me what to do_with my old car?
我不知道如何与那个买卖二手车的人打交道。你能告诉我如何处理我的那辆旧车吗？
[用准] deal with表示“处理”时，常与疑问词how连用；do with表示“处理”时，常与疑问词what连用。
[写美] 补全句子
⑤(2015·浙江高考书面表达)对于组织班级活动我们或许有不同的观点。我们也许有不同的方法来解决这一情况。
We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may have_various_ways_to_deal_with_such_a_situation.
[句式集释]
1．as引导状语从句
[教材原句] As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)As time went on/by, he contented himself with a simple life.
＝With_time_going_on/by,_he contented himself with a simple life.
随着时间的流逝，他满足于过简朴的生活。
(2)I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao”， just as_I_might_do_in_China.
我离他们足够近能听见他们正在说汉语，并且我像在中国可能做的那样说了声“你好”。
(3)(2017·天津高考书面表达)As_I_was_busy_preparing_for_my_final_exam,_I didn’t reply to your email as soon as I received it.因为我正忙着准备期末考试，我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。
(4)Child_as_he_is,_he knows how to help others.
他虽是个孩子，却知道如何帮助别人。
(5)(2015·福建高考)The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as_enthusiastic_as ever.
这次失败对他来说是个大的打击，但是他并未感到沮丧并且很快变得和以前一样充满热情。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
as作连词，有以下用法：
(1) “当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”，引导时间状语从句。
(2)“按照……的方式(办法)；如同……”，引导方式状语从句。
(3)“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。
(4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
(5)引导比较状语从句，常用于as ... as ... 句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。
注意事项
(1)当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。
(2)with意为“随着”时是介词，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构。
[背写作佳句]
(1)As the summer break is approaching, I will be free for almost three months.(开头句)
(2)I think you look great as you are, and you’re a wonderful person.(要点句)
2．so/such ... that ...引导结果状语从句
[教材原句] And my memory became so_large_that even I couldn’t believe it!
[悟拓展例句]
(1)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I was so_nervous_that I could hardly tell which direction was left.
我非常紧张，几乎不知道哪个方向是左边。
(2)As can be seen from the picture, a boy is burdened with such_heavy_homework_that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
正如图画上所看到的一样，一个男孩肩负着那么沉重的作业以至于他看上去好像再也承受不住了。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)so ... that ... “如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构为：
(2)such ... that ... “如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构为：
注意事项
在“so ...that ...”和“such ... that ...”结构中，当“so＋adj./adv.”及“such ...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。例如：
So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.
[背写作佳句]
(1)(2018·江苏高考书面表达)Everyone is faced with such wonderful commodities every day that they find they are difficult to choose from.(要点句)
(2)(2018·北京高考书面表达)So fast is Beijing developing that you can never imagine what it will be like next year.(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.选词填空
1．They quarreled the other day but made_up soon.
2．With_the_help_of local media, he has already found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females.
3．I’m going to deliver a speech about how to deal_with troubles.
4．They use specially trained dogs to_watch_over their sheep at night.
5．What he said at the meeting was reasonable in_a_way.
6．Don’t blame him for breaking that vase; after_all he is still a child.
Ⅱ.一句多译
1．随着社会的快速发展，我们发现和朋友聚会的时间变少了。
①As_the_society_develops_rapidly,_we find less time to gather with our friends.(as)
②With_the_society_developing_rapidly,_we find less time to gather with our friends.(with)
2．因为越来越多的汽车，空气质量变得更糟。(result)
①There are more and more cars._As_a_result,_air quality is getting worse.
②As_a_result_of more and more cars, air quality is getting worse.
③More and more cars have resulted_in air quality’s getting worse.
④That air quality is getting worse results_from more and more cars.
3．天气非常寒冷，以至于街上没有人。
①It was so_cold_a_day_that there was nobody on the street.(so)
②It was such_a_cold_day_that there was nobody on the street.(such)
③Such_a_cold_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(such倒装句)
④So_cold_a_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(so倒装句)
Ⅲ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City. While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.
I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple. They said they would take me.We chatted and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.I wrote them a thankyou note.Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.
Years later, I drove to a meeting in the morning.In the late afternoon I found that I'd left the lights on all day, and the battery was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.
“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble.They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.They would accept no payment, so later, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever written him to say “thank you”， and it meant a lot, he said.
“Thank you” — two powerful words. They're easy to say and mean so much.
[写作步骤]
第一步：归纳主旨大意
主旨大意：本篇为记叙文，作者用自己两次亲身经历说明向别人表示感谢的重要性。
短文结构分析：全文分为三个部分。
第一部分(第一、二段)：作者与一对夫妇偶遇，当车出现故障时得到那对夫妇的帮助，作者表示感谢，那对夫妇说给予帮助让他们的假日过得有意义。
第二部分(第三、四段)：作者的车出现故障，得到修理人员的无偿帮助，作者写信表示感谢，他们回信说这对他们来说很重要。
第三部分(第五段)：表示感谢非常重要。
第二步：提炼关键词
Part 1：
1.A_couple_offered_the_author_help when black smoke poured from the back of his car.
2．The author wrote_a_thankyou_note to the couple.
3．The couple said that helping the author had made their_holidays_meaningful.
Part 2：
4.Two_salesmen_gave_the_author_a_hand when there was something wrong with his car.
5．The_author wrote them a note to say_thanks.
6．One of the salesmen wrote back, saying it meant_a_lot.
Part 3：
7.Saying_“thank_you” was easy but meant_so_much.
第三步：合并和改写
1．要点1和4
合并：The author told us two of his experiences of being helped by the strangers, who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car.
改写：In this passage, the author described two of his experiences where_he_was_helped by the strangers, who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car.
2．要点2和5
合并：During the two experiences, the author wrote thankyou notes to the strangers.
改写：During the two experiences, the author expressed his_thanks_to the strangers.
3．要点3、6和7
合并：Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but meant so much.
改写：Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but very_meaningful.
第四步：核查成文
核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。最终成文如下：
In_this_passage,_the_author_described_two_of_his_experiences_where_he_was_helped_by_the_strangers,_who_had_given_him_a_hand_when_there_was_something_wrong_with_his_car._(要点1)And during the two experiences, the author expressed his thanks to the strangers. (要点2)Through the two experiences, he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but very meaningful.(要点3)
理清文体结构之(八) 记叙文之倒叙——“本末倒置”留悬念
倒叙是根据表达的需要，把事件的结局或某个最重要、最突出的片段提到文章的前边，然后再从事件的开头按事情原来的发展顺序进行叙述的方法。倒叙也经常出现在高考试题的语篇材料中。采用倒叙的情况一般有三种：一是为了表现文章中心思想的需要，把最能表现中心思想的部分提到前面，加以突出；二是为了使文章结构富于变化，避免平铺直叙；三是为了表达效果的需要，使文章曲折有致，形成悬念，引人入胜。
[高考典例] 2018·全国卷Ⅲ·C篇
[倒叙之中情节现]
[1]While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.
[2]Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49yearold Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.
[3]Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.
[4]The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.
[5]Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)．
[6]Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
[7]Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence that traditions. once existed，” he said.
[8]“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created，” he said.
[9]“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang.
[10]The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.
1.显现结果(中心段)
——第1、2段
关键词：take the center stage; fruitful; prize(可解第28题)
2.再叙过程
①校园建筑——第3段
关键词：campus; his original creations
②建筑特色——第4段
关键词：different; amazed; curves; a unique view(可解第29题)
③建筑理念——第5段
关键词：mixture
④内涵评价——第6段
关键句：show a deep ...traditions
⑤误解传统——第7、8、9段
关键词：sealed; old things; tend等
⑥研发方式——第10段
关键词：combined with practice(可解第31题)
[定区间·细比对]
28．Wang’s winning of means that Chinese architects are________.
A．following the latest world trend
B．getting international recognition
C．working harder than ever before
D．relying on foreign architects
29．What impressed visitors to the most?
A．Its hilly environment. B．Its large size.
C．Its unique style. D．Its diverse functions.
31. about Chinese traditions according to Wang?
A．Spread them to the world.
B．Preserve them at museums.
C．Teach them in universities.
D．Recreate them in practice.
[答案] 28.B 29.C 31.D
28．由关键词“the prize”定位到第二段第二句，结合第1段最后一句即可得出答案。
29．由“CAA Xiangshan campus”定位到第三段顺势结合第四段中的关键词汇得出答案。
31．本题为观点态度题，结合人们“误解传统”及王澍在最后一段的观点推知答案。
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