高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题七名词性从句课件 (含解析)

这是一份高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题七名词性从句课件 (含解析)，共17页。

考向分析名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。高考 对名词性从句的考查主要体现在对what,that,whether,whatever,whichev- er,when,where,hw等引导词的考查上,其中what和that是考查的重点。
考点清单一、主语从句单句填空1.Every year, 　 whever    makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.答案　whever　句意:每年,在风筝节上,制作出最漂亮的风筝的人会赢 得一份奖品。设空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语成分,且表示“无 论谁”,故填whever。
2.Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. 　 Whatever    yu can d helps. 答案　Whatever　句意:你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你做的任何事 情都有帮助。本题考查主语从句。“　　    yu can d”为主语从句, 该从句缺少宾语,且表示“任何事情”,故答案为Whatever(相当于Any- thing that)。 3.It is ften the case 　that    anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe. 答案　that    句意:对于那些总是不放弃希望的人来说,发生任何事情都 是有可能的,这是很常见的。考查主语从句。本句中it为形式主语,“     　    anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe”为真正的主语; 该从句结构完整,故由that引导。
单句改错4.It is bvius t the students what they shuld get well prepared fr their future.   what→that   答案　what→that　在题干中,it为形式主语,真正的主语为students之后 的主语从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作为引导词, what应改为that。
1.名词性从句的引导词:①that,if,whether等;②连接代词what,which, whm,wh,whse,whatever,whichever,whever等;③连接副词when, where,why,hw等。2.主语从句常位于谓语动词之前,但是有时为了保持句子平衡,会使用it 作为形式主语,而把真正的主语放在后面,常见的有:①It+be+名词+that从句(如It is a fact/pity/shame/surprise that...;It is n wnder that...);②It+be+形容词+that从句(如:It is clear/imprtant/necessary/bvius/ps- sible/strange that...;It is knwn t all that...);③It+be+过去分词+that从句(如It is believed/reprted/said/suggested/ thught that...);④It+特殊动词+that从句(如It happens that...;It ccurred t sb. that...;It desn’t matter hw/whether/what...)。
二、宾语从句单句填空1.She asked me 　 whether/if    I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.答案　whether/if　句意:她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆,我承认我还 没有归还。设空处引导的是宾语从句,根据句意可知该宾语从句要用 whether/if引导。2.We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f 　 what    it used t charge.答案　what　句意:我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到 了20美元,(20美元)是其过去收费的一半。本题考查宾语从句。逗号后 面是$20的同位语,charge后面缺少宾语,故用what引导。
3.Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree-lined street, nt knwing 　 where    she was heading.答案　where　句意:Jane在绿树成荫的街道上漫无目的地走着,不知道 她要去哪里。设空处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少地点状语,故用where引导。单句改错4.After arriving at schl, I discussed with sme classmates that we culd d.   that→what   答案　that→what　句意:到达学校后,我和一些同学讨论我们能做点什 么。 “that we culd d”为宾语从句,该从句缺少宾语,且表示“物”, 故用what而不是that引导。
宾语从句往往位于动词、介词或某些形容词之后,其常用句式有:①主 语+及物动词+宾语从句;②主语+及物动词+间接宾语+宾语从句;③主 语+动词短语+宾语从句;④主语+be+形容词+宾语从句。此外,it充当形式宾语,而真正的宾语为宾语从句的常用句式有:①主语+think/believe/make/find/cnsider/feel+it+adj./n.+宾语从句;②主语+enjy/hate/lve/like/dislike/appreciate/prefer+it+宾语从句;③主语+see t/lk t/insist n/stick t/depend n/answer fr+it+宾语从句;④主语+动词+it+介词(短语)+宾语从句(如:take it fr granted that...想当 然地认为;we it t sb. that...把……归功于)。
三、表语从句单句填空1.(2015安徽)A ship in harbr is safe,but that’s nt　 what     ships are built fr.答案　what　“　　    ships are built fr”为表语从句,该从句中缺少宾 语且表示“事物”,故答案为what。2.(2017辽宁葫芦岛六校协作体考试)That’s　 why     it is gd t eat fruit and vegetables.答案　why　句意:那就是食用水果和蔬菜有好处的原因。“That is why...”(那就是……的原因)是固定句型。
单句改错3.I am afraid he’s mre f a talker than a der, which is that he never fin- ishes anything.   that→why   答案　that→why　which is之后为表语从句,引导词在从句中作状语,结 合语境“那就是他一事无成的原因”可知,that应改为why。
表语从句指的是在句中作表语的从句,常位于系动词之后,其常用句式 有:①主语+be动词+表语从句;②主语+appear/lk/remain/seem/smell/taste+表语从句。
四、同位语从句单句填空1.The manager put frward a suggestin 　 that   we shuld have an assis-tant. There is t much wrk t d. 答案　that 　句意:经理提出一个建议,我们应该有个助手。有太多的工 作要做。本题考查同位语从句。“　　    we shuld have an assistant” 为同位语从句,说明suggestin的内容,用that引导该同位语从句。that只 起连接作用,不作成分。
2.—Is it true that Mike refused an ffer frm Yale University yesterday?—Yeah,but I have n idea　 why     he did it;that’s ne f his favrite uni- versities.答案　why　句意:——迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学给他的录取机会,这是 真的吗?——是的,但是我不知道他为什么会这样做,那可是他最喜欢的 大学之一。根据句意填why。why引导同位语从句。
3.A warm thught suddenly came t me 　 that    I might buy sme flwers fr my friend’s mther’s 60th birthday.答案　that　句意:我突然有了一个很温馨的想法,我可以为我朋友的妈 妈六十大寿买些鲜花。本题考查同位语从句。“　　    I might buy sme flwers fr my friend’s mther’s 60th birthday”作a warm thught的同位语。该从句不缺任何成分,故用that引导。单句改错4.The ntice came arund tw in the afternn which the meeting wuld be pstpned.   which→that   答案　which→that　在题干中,afternn之后为ntice的具体内容,即同 位语从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作为引导词。
同位语从句常位于某些名词之后,其引导词最常用的是that。常跟同位 语从句的名词有:belief,chance,cnclusin,demand,desire,discvery,dubt, evidence,explanatin,fact,fear,feeling,hpe,idea,news,ntice,pssibility, prblem,prmise, reprt,reply,request,sign,statement,thery,thught,truth, view,warning,wish,wrd等。为保持句子平衡,主语的同位语从句往往不紧跟其后,而是放在后面,从 而形成了分隔式同位语从句,而作宾语或表语的名词与其同位语从句之 间有插入语、状语或后置定语等修饰成分时,也会形成分隔式同位语从句。例如: Danby left wrd with my secretary that he wuld call again in the afternn. Danby给我的秘书留言,他下午会再打电话的。