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河北省保定市六校联盟2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份河北省保定市六校联盟2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
六校联盟高一年级联考
英语试卷
(满分：150分，测试时间：120分钟)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15.
B.£9.18.
C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1.What does the man ask the woman to do?
A.Lend him a tennis ball.
B.Have lunch together.
C.Play tennis after school.
2.What are the speakers talking about?
A.A company.
B.A piece of news.
C.An accident.
3.Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A.In a bookstore.
B.In a library.
C.In a gym.
4.What does the woman suggest doing?
A.Buying a new chair.
B.Fixing the broken chair.
C.Replacing the broken chair.
5.What happened to Anna?
A.She got her clothes dirty.
B.She dropped her coffee.
C.She fell on the carpet,
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Where will the speakers go this weekend?
A. To a cinema.
B.To a park.
C. To the beach.
7.How much will the speakers probably spend?
A.£8.
B.£24.
C.£40.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What does the man want to do?
A.Attend a class.
B.Check a database.
C.Buy a book.
9. Which method of payment is unacceptable?
A.The credit card.
B.The cash.
C.The check.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Sam’s opinion on the concert?
A. It is crowded. B.It is excellent. C.It is lon
11.What does Stacy plan to do in the summer?
A.See a band.
B. Design a logo.
C.Go on a tour.
12.What will Sam give Stacy?
A.A.T-shirt.
B.A ticket.
C.ACD.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.How long did the woman study German?
A.One year.
B.three years.
C.Four years.
14.What does the article say about people going abroad?
A.They practice the foreign languages in advance.
B. They use foreign languages they studied at school.
C.They prefer to go to countries without language problems.
15.What language is the most popular among students?
A.Italian.
B.French.
C.Spanish.
16.What will schools do with the state of language learning in the UK?
A. Offer foreign language classes in primary schools.
B.Encourage students to practice foreign languages.
C.Ask parents to help their children learn languages.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What is the speaker?
A.A doctor.
BA coach.
C.A hostess.
18. What did Eric Nerhus do when he was in danger?
A.He stuck his fingers into the shark’s eye.
B. He knocked the shark’s body.
C.He hit the shark’s mouth.
19.How did Eric Nerhus get to the hospital?
A.By boat.
B.By car.
C.By helicopter.
20.What does the speaker think of Eric Nerhus?
A.He is brave.
B.He is lucky.
C. He is strong.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Most Extreme Travel Adventures In The World
The driest place on Earth: Atacama Desert,Chile
You’ll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert. From October 1903 to January 1918,the Atacama Desert did not see so much as one drop of rain, making it the longest rainless period in the world’s recorded history. Lessly populated, the Atacama Desert has several hotels to choose from that cater to tourists who come to explore the land.
The hottest place on Earth: Lut Desert, Iran
Here, temperatures soar as high as 158 degrees F, so it’s important to have a game plan for staying cool and know the signs of heat stroke in case you develop symptoms. According to a local legend, the name Dasht-e Lut means “toasted wheat” in Persian, referencing a story about a load of wheat that burst into flames after being accidentally left out in the desert for a few days. Though tourists visit this desert land, it’s a destination only for those willing to take on the challenge of surviving the heat and the unbearably dry climate.
The closest place to outer space: Mount Chimborazo,Ecuador
An inactive volcano that last erupted in approximately 550 AD, Mount Chimborazo stands at over 20,000 feet high. While Mount Everest is over 29,000 feet tall, due to the position of the mountain on the earth’s surface, the peak of Mount Chimborazo is the furthest spot from the center of the earth. That also means that standing on it will put you closest to outer space than man can ever reach on foot.
The most isolated place on Earth: Tristan da Cunha, United Kingdom
Looking for a getaway from the everyday? Forget these popular island getaways; this is about as far away from it as you can get. Discovered by Portuguese explorer Tristao da Cunha in1506, the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport; Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea.
1. Which of the followings is a must during your visit to the Atacama Desert?
A. Book a suitable hotel.
B. Have a basic knowledge of Martian soil.
C. Have a game plan for staying cool.
D. Buy a suitable sunscreen.
2. Which place best suits people who have a high tolerance to high temperature?
A. The Atacama Desert.
B. The Lut Desert.
C. Mount Chimborazo.
D. Tristan da Cunha.
3. How can one get to Tristan da Cunha?
A. By plane. B. By boat.
C By train. D. By car.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了4个世界上最极端的旅行冒险经历：地球上最干燥的地方；最热的地方；最接近外太空的地方和最偏僻的地方。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The driest place on Earth: Atacama Desert, Chile部分的“You’ll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert.( 如果你打算穿越这片沙漠，你肯定需要合适的防晒霜)”可知，在你去阿塔卡马沙漠的时候，防晒霜是必需品。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The hottest place on Earth: Lut Desert, Iran部分的“Here, temperatures soar as high as 158 degrees F, so it’s important to have a game plan for staying cool and know the signs of heat stroke in case you develop symptoms.(这里的气温高达华氏158度，所以有一个保持凉爽的计划很重要，如果你出现症状，知道中暑的迹象很重要)”可知，伊朗的鲁特沙漠非常热，因此这里适合耐高温的人们。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The most isolated place on Earth: Tristan da Cunha, United Kingdom部分的“Discovered by Portuguese explorer Tristao da Cunha in1506, the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport; Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea.( 1506年，葡萄牙探险家特里斯托·达·库尼亚发现了该岛，岛上居民不到300人，没有机场；特里斯坦达库尼亚只能通过海路到达)”可知，要去这里需要乘船。故选B。
B
During my trip to Europe, I had the opportunity to visit Stonehenge, which is considered one of the most famous prehistoric sites in the world. As I approached the area, it became clear to me that it was a circle of huge stones.
The stones were huge. Our tour guide said that the square stones weigh nearly five tons each, stand eighteen feet high, and are three feet thick. It was amazing to see them up close. Something that I really asked myself was how the ancient people could have been wise enough to arrange the stones as upright pillars(柱子), then connect the stones overhead, and place them altogether to form a circle. It was a great feeling to admire the magnificent stones up close.
I tried to imagine the figures of the ancient people moving the heavy stones, but it was hard to imagine how they could achieve such incredible work. As I admired the stones up close, I almost imagined myself back in time, standing there, watching the people move the stones.
It was really strange. As I walked around the stones I noticed how segregated they were: there was nothing else standing around them, no community or anything. Were they also disconnected in ancient times? If so, why had the ancient people constructed them that way? And why did they place them far away from any community? If only I could really travel back in time and find out!
My thoughts were interrupted by our tour guide’s voice. He was explaining that nobody knew about the exact origin of the stones, but most scientists agreed that it dates from the time of the Druids, the first people in England. He said that there were many different theories about why Stonehenge was created. Some people believe that Stonehenge was an astronomical calendar because it was built in a circular design; they think it might represent the passing of time.
I left that awesome place with the feeling that many people had been here before me, each with a different understanding of the place, each wondering about something great and unknown that took place there a long time ago in the past. It was an unforgettable experience.
4. What did the author want to know when he looked at the stone?
A. How the ancient people lifted the stones.
B. How much each stone weighed.
C. Why the stones were arranged in that way.
D. Why the ancient people used such huge stones.
5. What does the underlined word “segregated” in paragraph4 means?
A. special B. separated
C. creative D. ancient
6. What do we know about the stones from the text?
A. These stones originated from the time of the Druids.
B. Stonehenge may have been built as some kind of religious structure.
C. The arrangement of these stones is naturally formed.
D. The circular design of these stones may be a symbol of time passing.
7. Where does the text probably come from?
A. An official report.
B. A history paper.
C. A geography textbook.
D. A cultural journal.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者去欧洲旅行，有机会看到了世界上最著名的史遗址——巨石阵以及讲述了作者对这一历史遗址的一些疑问和有关这一历史遗址来源的一些理论。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Something that I really asked myself was how the ancient people could have been wise enough to arrange the stones as upright pillars(柱子), then connect the stones overhead, and place them altogether to form a circle.(我真正想问自己的是，古人是如何聪明到把石头排成直立的柱子，然后把石头连接在头顶上，并把它们放在一起形成一个圆圈的。)”可知，作者好奇为什么古代人要把石头安排成直立的柱子，然后将石头连起来，并把它们弄成一个圈呢，由此可知，作者想知道的是为什么那样安排这些巨石。故选C项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中划线单词冒号后的“there was nothing else standing around them, no community or anything. Were they also disconnected in ancient times? If so, why had the ancient people constructed them that way? And why did they place them far away from any community?(周围什么也没有，没有社区什么的。它们在古代也不相连吗？如果是这样，为什么古人要这样建造它们呢？为什么他们把他们安置在远离社区的地方？)”可知，此处是对划线单词的解释说明，讲述的是巨石的周围什么都没有，作者好奇为什么把它建在一个离社区很远的地方，即将它与社区分离，由此可知，该单词的意思是“分离”。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“He said that there were many different theories about why Stonehenge was created. Some people believe that Stonehenge was an astronomical calendar because it was built in a circular design; they think it might represent the passing of time.(他说，关于巨石阵的形成原因有很多不同的理论。有些人认为巨石阵是一种天文历法，因为它是以圆形设计建造的；他们认为这可能代表着时间的流逝。)”可知，对巨石的理论说法有很多，有人认为这是一种天文历法，被设计成原形代表着时间的流逝。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“During my trip to Europe, I had the opportunity to visit Stonehenge, which is considered one of the most famous prehistoric sites in the world.(在我的欧洲之行中，我有机会参观了巨石阵，它被认为是世界上最著名的史前遗址之一。)”可知，作者去欧洲有幸游历了世界最著名的史前遗址——巨石阵，进而讲述了作者对这一历史遗址的一些疑问和有关这一历史遗址来源的一些理论，这与文化有关，由此可知，此处本文应出自于文化期刊。故选D项。
C
Milo is a rescue dog, adopted by 20-year-old Makayla Swift. But Milo is also a rescuer. One morning in November 2021, Swift opened her front door in Silver Spring, Maryland, and Milo took off running.
Milo ran to the house across the street. He seemed unsatisfied with this house, so he ran to the one next door, Swift on his tail.
“He started scratching on the front door,” Swift says. “I’m thinking, ‘Why is he really trying to break into her house?’”
She was embarrassed. Not everyone wants a strange dog in their house. But as she tried to drag Milo away, she could hear a sound coming through an open upstairs window. It was a voice yelling “Help!”
Hours earlier, around 4 a.m., Sherry Starr had risen from her bed. “All of a sudden, standing there between the toilet and the tub, I slipped,”she says.“I went down-hard-on the tile floor.” Starr is 85. She was stuck.
“I could not move at all,” says Starr, who was jammed between the toilet and the tub. Starr was scared. “ I’m thinking: I’m just going to die here,” she says.
Her best bet, she decided, was to listen for the letter carrier in the afternoon and scream like the dickens. For the next few hours, Starr practiced yelling: “Help! Help! Help!”
“Her voice was very faint,” says Swift. “You had to be right at the front door to hear Mrs. Starr yell for help.”
Unless you were Milo, who apparently heard Starr the moment Swift opened her own front door.
Swift called 911. Paramedics(护理人员)thought they’d have to remove the toilet to rescue Starr, but they gave one last pull and out she popped. Though bruised and battered, Starr declined a trip to the hospital.
Swift has known her share of distress(痛苦). Two years ago, her mother died. She says Milo has helped her with her grief. “That dog is a blessing,” she says.
8. Why did Milo start running when Swift opened her front door?
A. He wanted some fresh air.
B. He was in search of food.
C. He heard a sound from the nearby house.
D. He seemed unsatisfied with the neighbour.
9. Which of the following best describes Starr when she was stuck?
A. terrified B. confident
C. doubtful D. disappointed
10. What led to the rescue of Starr ?
A. Swift’s kindness.
B. Milo’s sharp hearing.
C. The letter carrier’s help.
D. Paramedics’ medical treatment.
11. What do we know about Milo from the text?
A. Milo is a rescue dog, adopted by Sherry Starr.
B. Milo was stuck between the toilet and the tub.
C. Milo opened the front door and took off running.
D. Milo is a blessing according to Makayla Swift.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。85岁的斯塔尔早上起来后摔倒了，她被困在马桶和浴缸之间，她开始呼救，但声音很弱，多亏斯威夫特收养的一只救援犬——麦洛，它依靠敏锐的听觉听到了从斯塔尔房子传来的声音后，跑向斯塔尔的房子，斯塔尔才得救。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段句子“She was embarrassed. Not everyone wants a strange dog in their house. But as she tried to drag Milo away, she could hear a sound coming through an open upstairs window. It was a voice yelling ‘Help!’（她感到很尴尬。不是每个人都想让一只陌生的狗出现在自己家里。但当她试图把米洛拖走时，她听到楼上一扇开着的窗户里传来了声音。一个声音在喊：‘救命！’）”和倒数第三段“Unless you were Milo, who apparently heard Starr the moment Swift opened her own front door.（除非你是麦洛，在斯威夫特打开自家大门的那一刻，它显然听到了斯塔尔的声音）”可知，斯威夫特打开大门的一刻，麦洛开始跑是因为它听到从雪莉·斯塔尔的房子里传来的声音。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“‘I could not move at all,’ says Starr, who was jammed between the toilet and the tub. Starr was scared. ‘I’m thinking: I’m just going to die here,’ she says.（‘我根本动不了，’斯塔尔说，她被挤在马桶和浴缸之间。斯塔尔很害怕。‘我在想：我要死在这里了，’她说）”可知，斯塔尔当时很害怕。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Unless you were Milo, who apparently heard Starr the moment Swift opened her own front door.（除非你是麦洛，在斯威夫特打开自家大门的那一刻，他显然听到了斯塔尔的声音）”可以推论出，是麦洛的敏锐的听觉救了斯塔尔。故选B项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Two years ago, her mother died. She says Milo has helped her with her grief. ‘That dog is a blessing,’ she says.（两年前，她的母亲去世了。她说米洛帮助她度过了悲伤。‘那只狗真是个福气，’她说）”可知，对斯威夫特来说，麦洛是个福气。故选D项。
D
Over the past few years China’s aerospace industry has witnessed many landmark events. Apart from celebrating these scientific achievements, the public has also developed a growing interest in the missions’ unique names, of which many are derived from China’s myths and legends.
China’s spacecraft are called Shenzhou. This literally means “heavenly ship” in Chinese, and is also a homonym for the Chinese words “divine land”, which is a term used in literary works to refer to the country. China’s moon exploration project and its lunar probe(月球探测器)are both named after a Chinese goddess of the moon,Chang’e. In 2013,the Chang’e-3 lunar probe landed on the moon and was carried around by a lunar rover(月球车)called Yutu. The two names perfectly match the legend of the moon fairy and her pet. In another example,the relay satellite for the Chang’e-4 moon exploration mission is called Queqiao, or “magpie bridge”. The magpie bridge, in a Chinese folk tale, was formed by millions of magpies, so that a separated couple could meet each other despite the Milky Way. Likewise,the Queqiao relay satellite serves as a “space-bridge”for communication between the moon and the earth.
Chinese people’s eagerness for the universe dated back to ancient times, some even tried to explore. Luban, a great inventor living in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, made a flying wood bird. Others created many myths and legends, such as “Kuafu Chases the Sun”, to explain phenomena that they could not explain. These traditional stories have become the source of inspiration for Chinese scientists in the naming of major space missions.
The famous spacecraft and rovers built by the United States include the Challenger,the Opportunity and the Spirit, whose names reflect a positive and enterprising spirit. This is quite unlike how the Chinese name their spacecraft,which reflects the Chinese people’s sense of romance and awe for space as well as their efforts to pass down traditional culture and their ancestors’ spirit of scientific discovery. Nevertheless, all these names, Chinese or foreign, showcase the dreams of humankind and our collective pursuit to discover the secrets of space.
When Apollo 11 prepared to land on the moon, the control center on earth told the astronauts onboard to “watch for a lovely girl with a big rabbit”, which refers to Chang’e and her rabbit Yutu. With the rapid progress of China’s aerospace industry, more and more Chinese stories embodying Chinese romanticism will be shown to the world.
12. How is paragraph 2 developed?
A. By making comparisons.
B. By describing processes.
C. By giving examples.
D. By analyzing causes.
13. Why the relay satellite was named “Queqiao”?
A. Because this name can draw public attention.
B. Because this name comes from a Chinese folk tale.
C. Because this name reflects Chinese romanticism.
D. Because this name indicates the function of the relay satellite.
14. What can we infer from the last three paragraphs?
A. The ancient Chinese explored the space to create myths and legends.
B. Some spaces missions’ names are originated from traditional stories.
C. China and the US name their spacecraft differently because of different pursuits.
D. China’s aerospace industry has changed the world.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Space Missions’ Names.
B. How to name Space Missions?
C. Space Missions’ Names Embody Chinese Romanticism.
D. Chinese Myths and Legends.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国航空航天业见证了许多具有里程碑意义的事件，这些任务独特的名字很多事来自于中国的神话与浪漫传说。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In another example, the relay satellite for the Chang’e-4 moon exploration mission is called Queqiao, or “magpie bridge”. The magpie bridge, in a Chinese folk tale, was formed by millions of magpies, so that a separated couple could meet each other despite the Milky Way.(在另一个例子中，嫦娥四号月球探测任务的中继卫星被称为“鹊桥”。在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。)”可知，该段列举了多个与中国神话相关的航空航天任务的名称，所以本段是用举例子的方式展开的。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The magpie bridge, in a Chinese folk tale, was formed by millions of magpies, so that a separated couple could meet each other despite the Milky Way. Likewise, the Queqiao relay satellite serves as a “space-bridge” for communication between the moon and the earth.(在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。同样，鹊桥中继卫星充当了月球和地球之间通信的“太空桥梁”。)”可知，“鹊桥”可以使一对分离的夫妻在银河相聚，而“鹊桥”中继卫星的充当的是月球和地球通信的“太空桥梁”，由此可知，二者的功能相似，所以中继卫星命名为“鹊桥”是因为这个名词暗示了中继卫星的功能。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“These traditional stories have become the source of inspiration for Chinese scientists in the naming of major space missions.(这些传统故事已经成为中国科学家命名重大太空任务的灵感来源。)”和倒数第二段中的“This is quite unlike how the Chinese name their spacecraft, which reflects the Chinese people’s sense of romance and awe for space as well as their efforts to pass down traditional culture and their ancestors’ spirit of scientific discovery. (这与中国人如何命名他们的航天器完全不同，这反映了中国人对太空的浪漫和敬畏感，以及他们传承传统文化和祖先科学发现精神的努力。)”以及最后一段中的“With the rapid progress of China’s aerospace industry, more and more Chinese stories embodying Chinese romanticism will be shown to the world.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”可知，在后三段中都提到了中国航空航天也任务的名字与中国的神话和浪漫的中国故事相关，由此后三段可推断出一些太空任务的名称来源于传统故事。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Apart from celebrating these scientific achievements, the public has also developed a growing interest in the missions’ unique names, of which many are derived from China’s myths and legends.(除了庆祝这些科学成就，公众也对这些任务的独特名字产生了越来越大的兴趣，其中许多名字来自中国的神话和传说。)”以及尾段中的“With the rapid progress of China’s aerospace industry, more and more Chinese stories embodying Chinese romanticism will be shown to the world.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”以及全文中列举的中国航天任务的名称可知，本文主要讲述的是中国航天任务名字与中国的神话传说以及浪漫的故事有关，所以本文的题目为“太空任务的名称体现了中国的浪漫主义”体现了文章讲述的主题，概括了全文的内容，符合题目的要求。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, (立冬), the 19th solar term of the year, means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up. ____16____
Eating dumplings
A legend has it that at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, “Medical Saint” Zhang Zhongjing saved many people in Henan province around Start of Winter. He cooked mutton, hot peppers and herbs to drive away the cold and increase body heat. He wrapped these ingredients into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape, which became known as “dumpling”. ____17____
“Nourishing the winter”(补冬)
On the first day of Start of Winter, there is a custom, “nourishing the winter”,in Southeast China. ____18____, people there like to eat high-calorie food such as chicken, beef, mutton, and fish, which are usually stewed (炖)with Chinese medicines to strengthen the effectiveness of the nourishment.
Eating Chinese pumpkins
In Tianjin, on the first day of Start of Winter, people eat dumplings stuffed with Chinese pumpkins (wogua). ____19____. Generally, the pumpkins are bought in the summer and stored until the Start of Winter.
Eating tuanzi
On the first day of Start of Winter, some people of Southern China have a custom of eating tuanzi, a kind of traditional Chinese food made with rice. ____20____ And the tuanzi made by the newly-harvested crops tastes delicious.
A. To prepare for the oncoming cold winter
B. At this time, the autumn grain crops have just been sold on the market
C. To celebrate Start of Winter
D. Most rural residents make tuanzi by themselves
E. Here are things you should know about Start of Winter
F. It is a common vegetable in North China
G. Since then,people have learned to make the food, and the custom was passed on to today
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国24节气之一——立冬的相关风俗。
【16题详解】
分析语篇结构可知，此空处应为引出下文，根据空前的“Start of Winter, (立冬), the 19th solar term of the year, means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up.(立冬是一年中的第19个节气，意味着冬天来了，秋天收获的庄稼应该储存起来。)”可知，本文讲述的与立冬相关，下文中介绍了四个与立冬相关的风俗，E选项“Here are things you should know about Start of Winter(以下是关于立冬你应该知道的事情)”引出了下文中与立冬相关的风俗，符合题意。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据主题句“Eating dumplings”可知，该部分讲述的与立冬吃饺子的风俗相关，根据空前“He wrapped these ingredients into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape, which became known as “dumpling”.(他把这些食材包在面皮里，做成了耳朵的形状，这就是后来的“饺子”。)”可知，此处讲述了饺子的由来，G选项“Since then, people have learned to make the food, and the custom was passed on to today(他把这些食材包在面皮里，做成了耳朵的形状，这就是后来的“饺子”。)”对立冬吃饺子的由来进行总结，其中的the food指的是空前的“dumpling”。故选G项。
【18题详解】
分析句子结构可知，此处只能是非谓语动词短语或者是带有连词的句子，根据主题““Nourishing the winter”(补冬)”可知，本段讲述的是立冬“进补”相关，A选项“To prepare for the oncoming cold winter(为即将到来的寒冷冬天做准备)”讲述的内容是为入冬做准备，与主题“进补”相关，且句式结构符合句子构成。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据空前的“In Tianjin, on the first day of Start of Winter, people eat dumplings stuffed with Chinese pumpkins (wogua). (在天津，在立冬的第一天，人们吃倭瓜馅的饺子。)”可知，此处指的是立冬时吃倭瓜馅的饺子，根据空后“Generally, the pumpkins are bought in the summer and stored until the Start of Winter.(一般来说，倭瓜在夏天购买并储存到冬天开始。)”可知，倭瓜在夏季购买储存到立冬，可推断，此空处是在讲述倭瓜这种蔬菜的情况，F选项“It is a common vegetable in North China(倭瓜是华北地区常见的蔬菜)”是对“倭瓜”的介绍，内容与上下文吻合。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据空后的“And the tuanzi made by the newly-harvested crops tastes delicious.(新收获的庄稼做的团子味道鲜美。)”可知，这种新收获的农作物应指的是空处的内容，B选项“At this time, the autumn grain crops have just been sold on the market(此时，秋粮作物刚刚在市场上出售)”可知，秋季作物刚刚在市场上出售，与空后的“newly-harvested crops”指代一致，内容吻合。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had three items in a checkout line. A woman and two teenage boys ____21____ me had maybe a half-dozen. The customer at the register, a white-haired woman, had already begun to____22____ her goods and was holding out cash to pay for them.
Then came the problem.Sometimes it’s someone who forgot to____23____ a piece of fruit,or someone searching for ____24____.Fair enough.One waited.
But today, it was____25____ else.Somehow, this woman didn’t have enough money. So she began the____26____ of choosing which items to keep and which to ____27____ to the cashier for re-shelving. She paused over each one ____28____ keeping or giving it up.
We waited. There was a huge line gradually.
The process went on and on. Finally, in the black, the woman turned back to us as she left, ____29____ and apologetic.We ____30____ her embarrassment. It could happen to anyone.We were____31____ sympathetic.
But I had no idea just how sympathetic the mother and her children ahead of me were until their turn came. She asked the ____32____ to add all the left-behind ____33____ to her bill as quickly as possible. Then the two boys ran out through the exit with the small bag of groceries to send it to the old woman.
When they returned, it was clear that they had done their job perfectly.
“That was very nice! What a (an) ____34____ to a stranger!”I offered.
All it took to____35____ this flash of kindness was waiting a little longer in a checkout line.
21. A. beside B. behind C. ahead of D. across
22. A. decorate B. bag C. save D. settle
23. A. gather B. harvest C. weigh D. bite
24. A. chance B. place C. time D. change
25. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
26. A. progress B. process C. range D. response
27. A. come back B. call back C. hold back D. hand back
28. A. if B. unless C. although D. before
29. A. awkward B. pleased C. worried D. curious
30. A. put off B. set off C. waved off D. cut off
31. A. roughly B. honestly C. cautiously D. accidentally
32. A. cashier B. woman C. Passages D. customer
33. A. mass B. packages C. belongings D. items
34. A. generosity B. invitation C. dream D. information
35. A. observe B. witness C. notice D. reserve
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在超市买东西时遇到的帮助别人买单的好人好事。
【21题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我前面的一个女人和两个十几岁的男孩大概有六个。A. beside在旁边；B. behind在后面；C. ahead of在……前面；D. across交叉。前文提到“I had three items in a checkout line.”（我在收银台排队买了三件东西。）和“The customer at the register, a white-haired woman , had already begun to 1 her goods and was holding out cash to pay for them.”（收银台前的顾客是一位白发苍苍的妇女，她已经开始结账了，手里拿着现金准备付款。）由此判断，作者前面还有人结账。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：收银台前的顾客是一位白发苍苍的妇女，她已经开始把自己的商品装进袋子，手里拿着现金准备付款。A. decorate装修；B. bag打包；C. save拯救；D. settle决定。后文提到“was holding out cash to pay for them.”（手里拿着现金准备付款），准备付账了说明准备开始把自己的东西装好了。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时是因为有人忘记称水果的重量，有时是因为有人想要找零。A. gather聚集；B. harvest收获；C. weigh称重；D. bite咬。根据常识可知，在超市购买水果之后要进行称重之后再付款。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时是因为有人忘记称水果的重量，有时是因为有人想要找零。A. chance机会；B. place地点；C. time时间；D. change零钱。前文提到“was holding out cash to pay for them.”（里拿着现金准备付款），由此判断，这间超市还在用现金付款，因此有人付款的时候就需要找零钱给顾客。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：但今天，情况有所不同。A. something某事；B. nothing没什么事；C. anything任何事；D. everything每件事。后文提到“Somehow, this woman didn’t have enough money. ”（不知为什么，这个女人没有足够的钱。），由此判断，这个准备付钱的女人出现的情况并不像是作者遇到的忘记称重或者要找零钱这样的情况，而是一些别的情况。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，她开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要交还给收银员重新上架。A. progress进步；B. process步骤；C. range范围；D. response反应。前后文提到“choosing which items to keep”（选择哪个要留下），“to the cashier for re-shelving.”（重新上架）由此判断，这是一个选择物品是否留下的过程。且后文提到“The process went on and on.”（这个过程一直持续。）根据原词process（过程）复现也可知空处选B。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：于是，她开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要交还给收银员重新上架。A. come back回来，返回；B. call back回电；C. hold back隐瞒；退缩；D. hand back退还。后文提到“to the cashier for re-shelving”（给收银员重新上架），由此判断，要将商品还给收银员之后才能重新上架。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她在每个商品上都停下来，要么留下，要么放弃。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. although尽管；D. before在……之前。前文提到“So she began the process of choosing which items to keep and which to hand back to the cashier for re-shelving.”（是，她开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要交还给收银员重新上架。），由此判断，要在每个商品在留下或退回之前思考一下。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，那个穿黑色衣服的女人转身离开，尴尬而抱歉地看着我们。A. awkward尴尬的；B. pleased满意的；C. worried焦急的；D. curious好奇的。前文提到“We waited. There was a huge line gradually.”（我们等待着。逐渐排起了长长的队伍。），由此判断，在超市要让别人等自己决定哪个东西要留下或退回是一件非常尴尬的事。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：我们对她的尴尬不以为然。A. put off推迟；B. set off出发；C. waved off不以为然；D. cut off切断。后文提到“It could happen to anyone.”（这有可能发生在任何人身上），由此判断，每个人都有可能发生这样的事情，因此我们对妇女的行为并没有感觉到尴尬。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们真诚地表示同情。A. roughly粗鲁地；B. honestly真诚地；C. cautiously小心地；D. accidentally意外地。前文提到“We waved off her embarrassment. It could happen to anyone.”（我们对她的尴尬不以为然。这可能发生在任何人身上。），看到她的情况，有可能也会发生在我们身上，因此我们对她的情况表示真诚的同情。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让收银员尽快把所有剩下的东西加到她的账单上。A. cashier收银员；B. woman妇女；C. passages短文；D. customer顾客。后文提到“to add all the left-behind items to her bill as quickly as possible.”（把所有剩下的商品加到她的账单上），由此判断，她是要求收银员扫描商品。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让收银员尽快把所有剩下的东西加到她的账单上。A. mass混乱；B. packages包裹；C. belongings附属物；D. items东西。根据前文提到的被上一个顾客退回给收银员的东西可知，此处表示这些没有被购买的东西。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：太好了!对一个陌生人真是太慷慨了！A. generosity慷慨；B. invitation邀请；C. dream梦想；D. information信息。前文提到“She asked the cashier to add all the left-behind items to her bill as quickly as possible. Then the two boys ran out through the exit with the small bag of groceries to send it to the old woman.”（她让收银员尽快把所有剩下的东西加到她的账单上。然后，两个男孩拿着小包食品从出口跑出去，把它送给了老妇人。），作者看到这位带着小孩的母亲把陌生人没有买到的东西买单了并且送给了那位陌生人，这是一件非常慷慨的事情。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你只需要在收银台前多等一会儿，就能见证这一瞬间的善意。A. observe观察；B. witness目击；C. notice注意；D. reserve保留。根据前文可知，作者是在商场等待买单的时候见证了一位母亲对陌生人的善意。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
URUMQI-After packing some naan bread and____36____ dented water bottle, Shan Zhizheng and his wife start up their motorcycle and head off to a cultural relic site, ____37____ (break) the silence that envelops the valley.
It’s a round trip of around 150 kilometers and____38____ (they) starting point is the pastoral and farming landscape of Wenquan county in Bortala,Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region(维吾尔自治区).
____39____ (know) as “a museum without walls”, Wenquan county is home to nearly 260 cultural relic sites under____40____ (variety) levels of protection, including tombs, cliff paintings and____41____ (ruin),____42____ provide materials for researching the history of ancient northern nomads and tribes, according to the county cultural relic protection bureau.
Shan and his wife, Yuan Qin, are responsible for protecting one particular relic site that____43____ (cover) about eight square kilometers. Once a week, the couple patrols more than 200 ancient tombs dating back ____44____ between the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) and the Han Dynasty (202 BC-AD 220).
Their relic protection routine usually includes walking around the site to look for footprints and motorcycle tracks, keeping records of the tombs, ____45____ updating the local cultural relic authorities in a timely manner.
【答案】36. a 37. breaking
38. their 39. Known
40. various
41. ruins 42. which
43. covers 44. to
45. and
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了单志正（Shan Zhizheng）和他的妻子负责保护一个占地约8平方公里的遗址的相关事迹。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：乌鲁木齐——单志正（Shan Zhizheng）和他的妻子带着一些馕饼和一个凹陷的水瓶，开上摩托车，打破了笼罩在山谷里的寂静，前往一处文物遗址。分析句子可知，名词water bottle(水瓶)前使用不定冠词修饰，表示“一个”，此处为泛指，且形容词dented(凹陷的)为辅音因素开头的形容词，因此需使用不定冠词a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：乌鲁木齐——单志正（Shan Zhizheng）和他的妻子带着一些馕饼和一个凹陷的水瓶，开上摩托车，打破了笼罩在山谷里的寂静，前往一处文物遗址。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语start up(启动)和head off(出发)，空处需使用非谓语，break和主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，需使用现在分词表示主动作状语。故填breaking。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：这是一个大约150公里的往返行程，他们的起点是中国西北部新疆维吾尔自治区博尔塔拉的温泉县的田园和农业景观。分析句子可知，空处可使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语starting point(起点)。故填their。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：据温泉县文物保护局介绍，温泉县有“没有围墙的博物馆”之称，拥有古墓、岩画、遗址等各级保护文物近260处，为研究古代北方游牧民族和部落的历史提供了材料。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语is，空处需使用非谓语形式。know和主语Wenquan county(温泉镇)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用过去分词表被动。位于句首时首字母大写。故填Known。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据温泉县文物保护局介绍，温泉县有“没有围墙的博物馆”之称，拥有古墓、岩画、遗址等各级保护文物近260处，为研究古代北方游牧民族和部落的历史提供了材料。分析句子可知，空处需使用形容词various(各种各样的)作定语修饰levels。故填various。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：据温泉县文物保护局介绍，温泉县有“没有围墙的博物馆”之称，拥有古墓、岩画、遗址等各级保护文物近260处，为研究古代北方游牧民族和部落的历史提供了材料。分析句子可知，and连接的名词为并列关系，且需保持单复数一致，因此空处也应使用复数形式，表示泛指。故填ruins。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据温泉县文物保护局介绍，温泉县有“没有围墙的博物馆”之称，拥有古墓、岩画、遗址等各级保护文物近260处，为研究古代北方游牧民族和部落的历史提供了材料。分析句子可知，该句是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此需使用关系代词which在从句中作主语指代前文的内容。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：单和他的妻子袁琴负责保护一个占地约8平方公里的特殊遗址。分析句子可知，动词cover(占据)在定语从句中作谓语，从句中代词that指代先行词one particular relic site(一个特殊遗址)为单数形式，从句中谓语也应用单数形式，且此处陈述一般事实，应使用一般现在时。故填covers。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：这对夫妇每周都要巡视200多座古墓，这些古墓可以追溯到战国时期（公元前475-221年）和汉代（公元前202年-公元220年）。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语date back to，意为“追溯到……”。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：故他们的文物保护工作通常包括在遗址周围走动，寻找脚印和摩托车痕迹，记录墓葬，并及时向当地文物部门报告。分析句子可知，动词include(包括)后列举的名词为并列关系，需使用表示并列关系的连词and连接。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，是一名在美国的交换生，你生病住院期间不少同学来看望你。现在请你给他们写一封信，内容包括：
1．感谢生活上的关心;
2．感谢学习上的帮助;
3．欢迎到中国做客;
注意：1．字数80左右
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear friends,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear friends,
I would like to express my heartfelt thanks for all the care and companionship you offered during my illness.
Your support and concern helped me to overcome my homesickness and I truly appreciate the time you spent visiting me in the hospital. Furthermore, thank you for helping me with my language skills. It is due to your assistance that my oral English has greatly improved. Lastly, I warmly welcome you to visit me in China whenever you have the chance. I would be delighted to show you around and offer you a taste of our culture and cuisine.
Thanks again and I hope I will have the opportunity to return your kindness.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，是一名在美国的交换生，你生病住院期间不少同学来看望你。现在请你给他们写一封信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
真诚的：heartfelt→sincere
克服：overcome→get over
此外：furthermore→what's more
因为：due to→because of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： I would be delighted to show you around and offer you a taste of our culture and cuisine.
拓展句： I would be delighted to show you around, which offers you a taste of our culture and cuisine.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is due to your assistance that my oral English has greatly improved. （运用了强调句型）
【高分句型2】 Lastly, I warmly welcome you to visit me in China whenever you have the chance.（运用了状语从句）
第二节
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Surprise for Grandfather
From high up in his apartment building, Peter could see the canal stretching in both directions. Every Saturday, Peter watched for grandfather riding toward the building on his bicycle. But today, Peter knew that his grandfather wouldn’t come and he would not hear the ring-ring of grandfather’s bicycle bell. What’s worse, there would be no Saturday afternoon picnic in the park.
Last week, his grandfather had hip surgery (髋部手术). Now he rested at home needing a walking stick to walk-and Peter didn’t know if grandfather would ever ride his bike again. Peter sighed. The sky looked beautiful today, but Peter missed his grandfather. Would he ever again hear the ring-ring as grandfather approached? That’s when Peter had an idea. He grabbed his birthday money-10 euros-from the top dresser drawer. Then he hurried to tell mom his plan.
A few minutes later, Peter ran down the stairs of his building and burst into the afternoon sunshine. His bike was waiting for him. Peter fastened his helmet and pedaled down (踩踏板) the rough road.
Ring-ring sang his bicycle bell to alert walkers that he was coming.
He pedaled past the corner bicycle accessories (配件) shop. He pedaled past the window washer who whistled as he worked. And he pedaled over a bridge.
“Hello,” he called to a girl fishing in the canal.
“Hello,” he called to a baby in a stroller.
Peter pedaled two more blocks and then arrived at the. market. He loved the market’s sights and smells. Buckets were filled with bright bouquets of tulips. Tables were full of rounds of cheese. Colorful vegetables were piled high-red tomatoes, white asparagus, orange carrots, green lettuce, purple potatoes, and yellow peppers. And Peter’s favorite-baskets overflowed with freshly baked breads, rolls, and pastries. He inhaled the smell, and his mouth watered.
Peter’s euros jingled in his pocket as he walked through the market, examining each table. He stopped at a fruit stand and chose two shiny apples. “Thank you,” Peter said to the farmer and handed him one euro. He stopped at the cheese table and asked for half a pound of cheese. ”Thank you,” Peter said to the cheesemaker, handing him three euros. Finally, he stopped in front of the bread baskets and chose a crusty oblong loaf (大面包).“Thank you，”he said to the baker，handing him two euros. Peter placed the items in his bicycle basket and pedaled back.
Ring-ring sang his bicycle bell to alert walkers that he was coming.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置做答。
Paragraph 1:
He pedaled over the bridge.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
But instead of heading for home, Peter pedaled in a different direction.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Paragraph1: He pedaled over the bridge. He pedaled past the window washer who whistled while he worked. And he pedaled straight to the corner bicycle accessories (配件) shop. He parked his bike and ran inside with his last four euros. He was a little nervous at the thought that the money might not be enough. Fortunately, it was just enough to buy what he needed. He added the new bag to his basket and hopped back on his bike to complete the final leg of his journey. He laughed, his eyes shining with excitement.
Paragraph2: But instead of heading for home, Peter pedaled in a different direction. Finally, he arrived at a familiar building. He parked his bicycle, gathered his bags, and knocked on the wide door. “I brought the picnic to you, grandpa! And also, a gift.” Grandfather took the bag that Peter offered and opened it. “A bicycle bell?” Grandfather chuckled. “ Yes, it’s for your walking stick. When you’re stronger, we can walk to our picnic at the park!” Grandfather’s face lit up with happiness. It was a moment Peter would never forget, a moment that made all the effort worth it.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索。文章讲述了彼得的祖父经常骑自行车去公园，后来做了手术，彼得用自己的生日钱购买了水果还有一个自行车铃铛送给了祖父，希望祖父恢复后还可以去公园的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写
由第一段首句内容“他骑车过桥。”可知，第一段可描写彼得去自行车店购买东西的经过。
由第二段首句内容“但彼得并没有回家，而是朝着不同的方向骑行。”可知，第二段可描写彼得给祖父送礼物，祖父非常高兴，彼得的感受等。
2.续写线索：购买铃铛——送铃铛——表达愿望——祖父高兴——彼得的感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.骑自行车：pedal/ ride on a bicycle/ cycle
②.到达：arrive at/reach/get to
③.给予：offer/afford/give
情绪类
①.紧张：nervous/tense/intense
②.高兴：laugh/his eyes shining with excitement/lit up with happiness/be glad/be joyful
【点睛】【高分句型1】He pedaled past the window washer who whistled while he worked.（运用了定语从句和状语从句）
【高分句型2】It was a moment Peter would never forget, a moment that made all the effort worth it.（运用了定语从句）
听力答案：1.ABBCB 6. CACAB 11. AACCB 16. ACACB
六校联盟高一年级联考
英语试卷
(满分：150分，测试时间：120分钟)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15.
B.£9.18.
C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1.What does the man ask the woman to do?
A.Lend him a tennis ball.
B.Have lunch together.
C.Play tennis after school.
2.What are the speakers talking about?
A.A company.
B.A piece of news.
C.An accident.
3.Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A.In a bookstore.
B.In a library.
C.In a gym.
4.What does the woman suggest doing?
A.Buying a new chair.
B.Fixing the broken chair.
C.Replacing the broken chair.
5.What happened to Anna?
A.She got her clothes dirty.
B.She dropped her coffee.
C.She fell on the carpet,
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Where will the speakers go this weekend?
A. To a cinema.
B.To a park.
C. To the beach.
7.How much will the speakers probably spend?
A.£8.
B.£24.
C.£40.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What does the man want to do?
A.Attend a class.
B.Check a database.
C.Buy a book.
9. Which method of payment is unacceptable?
A.The credit card.
B.The cash.
C.The check.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Sam’s opinion on the concert?
A. It is crowded. B.It is excellent. C.It is lon
11.What does Stacy plan to do in the summer?
A.See a band.
B. Design a logo.
C.Go on a tour.
12.What will Sam give Stacy?
A.A.T-shirt.
B.A ticket.
C.ACD.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.How long did the woman study German?
A.One year.
B.three years.
C.Four years.
14.What does the article say about people going abroad?
A.They practice the foreign languages in advance.
B. They use foreign languages they studied at school.
C.They prefer to go to countries without language problems.
15.What language is the most popular among students?
A.Italian.
B.French.
C.Spanish.
16.What will schools do with the state of language learning in the UK?
A. Offer foreign language classes in primary schools.
B.Encourage students to practice foreign languages.
C.Ask parents to help their children learn languages.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What is the speaker?
A.A doctor.
BA coach.
C.A hostess.
18. What did Eric Nerhus do when he was in danger?
A.He stuck his fingers into the shark’s eye.
B. He knocked the shark’s body.
C.He hit the shark’s mouth.
19.How did Eric Nerhus get to the hospital?
A.By boat.
B.By car.
C.By helicopter.
20.What does the speaker think of Eric Nerhus?
A.He is brave.
B.He is lucky.
C. He is strong.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Most Extreme Travel Adventures In The World
The driest place on Earth: Atacama Desert,Chile
You’ll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert. From October 1903 to January 1918,the Atacama Desert did not see so much as one drop of rain, making it the longest rainless period in the world’s recorded history. Lessly populated, the Atacama Desert has several hotels to choose from that cater to tourists who come to explore the land.
The hottest place on Earth: Lut Desert, Iran
Here, temperatures soar as high as 158 degrees F, so it’s important to have a game plan for staying cool and know the signs of heat stroke in case you develop symptoms. According to a local legend, the name Dasht-e Lut means “toasted wheat” in Persian, referencing a story about a load of wheat that burst into flames after being accidentally left out in the desert for a few days. Though tourists visit this desert land, it’s a destination only for those willing to take on the challenge of surviving the heat and the unbearably dry climate.
The closest place to outer space: Mount Chimborazo,Ecuador
An inactive volcano that last erupted in approximately 550 AD, Mount Chimborazo stands at over 20,000 feet high. While Mount Everest is over 29,000 feet tall, due to the position of the mountain on the earth’s surface, the peak of Mount Chimborazo is the furthest spot from the center of the earth. That also means that standing on it will put you closest to outer space than man can ever reach on foot.
The most isolated place on Earth: Tristan da Cunha, United Kingdom
Looking for a getaway from the everyday? Forget these popular island getaways; this is about as far away from it as you can get. Discovered by Portuguese explorer Tristao da Cunha in1506, the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport; Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea.
1. Which of the followings is a must during your visit to the Atacama Desert?
A. Book a suitable hotel.
B. Have a basic knowledge of Martian soil.
C. Have a game plan for staying cool.
D. Buy a suitable sunscreen.
2. Which place best suits people who have a high tolerance to high temperature?
A. The Atacama Desert.
B. The Lut Desert.
C. Mount Chimborazo.
D. Tristan da Cunha.
3. How can one get to Tristan da Cunha?
A. By plane. B. By boat.
C By train. D. By car.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了4个世界上最极端的旅行冒险经历：地球上最干燥的地方；最热的地方；最接近外太空的地方和最偏僻的地方。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The driest place on Earth: Atacama Desert, Chile部分的“You’ll definitely need the right kind of sunscreen if you plan on traveling through this desert.( 如果你打算穿越这片沙漠，你肯定需要合适的防晒霜)”可知，在你去阿塔卡马沙漠的时候，防晒霜是必需品。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The hottest place on Earth: Lut Desert, Iran部分的“Here, temperatures soar as high as 158 degrees F, so it’s important to have a game plan for staying cool and know the signs of heat stroke in case you develop symptoms.(这里的气温高达华氏158度，所以有一个保持凉爽的计划很重要，如果你出现症状，知道中暑的迹象很重要)”可知，伊朗的鲁特沙漠非常热，因此这里适合耐高温的人们。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The most isolated place on Earth: Tristan da Cunha, United Kingdom部分的“Discovered by Portuguese explorer Tristao da Cunha in1506, the island is home to fewer than 300 inhabitants and has no airport; Tristan da Cunha is accessible only by sea.( 1506年，葡萄牙探险家特里斯托·达·库尼亚发现了该岛，岛上居民不到300人，没有机场；特里斯坦达库尼亚只能通过海路到达)”可知，要去这里需要乘船。故选B。
B
During my trip to Europe, I had the opportunity to visit Stonehenge, which is considered one of the most famous prehistoric sites in the world. As I approached the area, it became clear to me that it was a circle of huge stones.
The stones were huge. Our tour guide said that the square stones weigh nearly five tons each, stand eighteen feet high, and are three feet thick. It was amazing to see them up close. Something that I really asked myself was how the ancient people could have been wise enough to arrange the stones as upright pillars(柱子), then connect the stones overhead, and place them altogether to form a circle. It was a great feeling to admire the magnificent stones up close.
I tried to imagine the figures of the ancient people moving the heavy stones, but it was hard to imagine how they could achieve such incredible work. As I admired the stones up close, I almost imagined myself back in time, standing there, watching the people move the stones.
It was really strange. As I walked around the stones I noticed how segregated they were: there was nothing else standing around them, no community or anything. Were they also disconnected in ancient times? If so, why had the ancient people constructed them that way? And why did they place them far away from any community? If only I could really travel back in time and find out!
My thoughts were interrupted by our tour guide’s voice. He was explaining that nobody knew about the exact origin of the stones, but most scientists agreed that it dates from the time of the Druids, the first people in England. He said that there were many different theories about why Stonehenge was created. Some people believe that Stonehenge was an astronomical calendar because it was built in a circular design; they think it might represent the passing of time.
I left that awesome place with the feeling that many people had been here before me, each with a different understanding of the place, each wondering about something great and unknown that took place there a long time ago in the past. It was an unforgettable experience.
4. What did the author want to know when he looked at the stone?
A. How the ancient people lifted the stones.
B. How much each stone weighed.
C. Why the stones were arranged in that way.
D. Why the ancient people used such huge stones.
5. What does the underlined word “segregated” in paragraph4 means?
A. special B. separated
C. creative D. ancient
6. What do we know about the stones from the text?
A. These stones originated from the time of the Druids.
B. Stonehenge may have been built as some kind of religious structure.
C. The arrangement of these stones is naturally formed.
D. The circular design of these stones may be a symbol of time passing.
7. Where does the text probably come from?
A. An official report.
B. A history paper.
C. A geography textbook.
D. A cultural journal.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者去欧洲旅行，有机会看到了世界上最著名的史遗址——巨石阵以及讲述了作者对这一历史遗址的一些疑问和有关这一历史遗址来源的一些理论。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Something that I really asked myself was how the ancient people could have been wise enough to arrange the stones as upright pillars(柱子), then connect the stones overhead, and place them altogether to form a circle.(我真正想问自己的是，古人是如何聪明到把石头排成直立的柱子，然后把石头连接在头顶上，并把它们放在一起形成一个圆圈的。)”可知，作者好奇为什么古代人要把石头安排成直立的柱子，然后将石头连起来，并把它们弄成一个圈呢，由此可知，作者想知道的是为什么那样安排这些巨石。故选C项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中划线单词冒号后的“there was nothing else standing around them, no community or anything. Were they also disconnected in ancient times? If so, why had the ancient people constructed them that way? And why did they place them far away from any community?(周围什么也没有，没有社区什么的。它们在古代也不相连吗？如果是这样，为什么古人要这样建造它们呢？为什么他们把他们安置在远离社区的地方？)”可知，此处是对划线单词的解释说明，讲述的是巨石的周围什么都没有，作者好奇为什么把它建在一个离社区很远的地方，即将它与社区分离，由此可知，该单词的意思是“分离”。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“He said that there were many different theories about why Stonehenge was created. Some people believe that Stonehenge was an astronomical calendar because it was built in a circular design; they think it might represent the passing of time.(他说，关于巨石阵的形成原因有很多不同的理论。有些人认为巨石阵是一种天文历法，因为它是以圆形设计建造的；他们认为这可能代表着时间的流逝。)”可知，对巨石的理论说法有很多，有人认为这是一种天文历法，被设计成原形代表着时间的流逝。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“During my trip to Europe, I had the opportunity to visit Stonehenge, which is considered one of the most famous prehistoric sites in the world.(在我的欧洲之行中，我有机会参观了巨石阵，它被认为是世界上最著名的史前遗址之一。)”可知，作者去欧洲有幸游历了世界最著名的史前遗址——巨石阵，进而讲述了作者对这一历史遗址的一些疑问和有关这一历史遗址来源的一些理论，这与文化有关，由此可知，此处本文应出自于文化期刊。故选D项。
C
Milo is a rescue dog, adopted by 20-year-old Makayla Swift. But Milo is also a rescuer. One morning in November 2021, Swift opened her front door in Silver Spring, Maryland, and Milo took off running.
Milo ran to the house across the street. He seemed unsatisfied with this house, so he ran to the one next door, Swift on his tail.
“He started scratching on the front door,” Swift says. “I’m thinking, ‘Why is he really trying to break into her house?’”
She was embarrassed. Not everyone wants a strange dog in their house. But as she tried to drag Milo away, she could hear a sound coming through an open upstairs window. It was a voice yelling “Help!”
Hours earlier, around 4 a.m., Sherry Starr had risen from her bed. “All of a sudden, standing there between the toilet and the tub, I slipped,”she says.“I went down-hard-on the tile floor.” Starr is 85. She was stuck.
“I could not move at all,” says Starr, who was jammed between the toilet and the tub. Starr was scared. “ I’m thinking: I’m just going to die here,” she says.
Her best bet, she decided, was to listen for the letter carrier in the afternoon and scream like the dickens. For the next few hours, Starr practiced yelling: “Help! Help! Help!”
“Her voice was very faint,” says Swift. “You had to be right at the front door to hear Mrs. Starr yell for help.”
Unless you were Milo, who apparently heard Starr the moment Swift opened her own front door.
Swift called 911. Paramedics(护理人员)thought they’d have to remove the toilet to rescue Starr, but they gave one last pull and out she popped. Though bruised and battered, Starr declined a trip to the hospital.
Swift has known her share of distress(痛苦). Two years ago, her mother died. She says Milo has helped her with her grief. “That dog is a blessing,” she says.
8. Why did Milo start running when Swift opened her front door?
A. He wanted some fresh air.
B. He was in search of food.
C. He heard a sound from the nearby house.
D. He seemed unsatisfied with the neighbour.
9. Which of the following best describes Starr when she was stuck?
A. terrified B. confident
C. doubtful D. disappointed
10. What led to the rescue of Starr ?
A. Swift’s kindness.
B. Milo’s sharp hearing.
C. The letter carrier’s help.
D. Paramedics’ medical treatment.
11. What do we know about Milo from the text?
A. Milo is a rescue dog, adopted by Sherry Starr.
B. Milo was stuck between the toilet and the tub.
C. Milo opened the front door and took off running.
D. Milo is a blessing according to Makayla Swift.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。85岁的斯塔尔早上起来后摔倒了，她被困在马桶和浴缸之间，她开始呼救，但声音很弱，多亏斯威夫特收养的一只救援犬——麦洛，它依靠敏锐的听觉听到了从斯塔尔房子传来的声音后，跑向斯塔尔的房子，斯塔尔才得救。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段句子“She was embarrassed. Not everyone wants a strange dog in their house. But as she tried to drag Milo away, she could hear a sound coming through an open upstairs window. It was a voice yelling ‘Help!’（她感到很尴尬。不是每个人都想让一只陌生的狗出现在自己家里。但当她试图把米洛拖走时，她听到楼上一扇开着的窗户里传来了声音。一个声音在喊：‘救命！’）”和倒数第三段“Unless you were Milo, who apparently heard Starr the moment Swift opened her own front door.（除非你是麦洛，在斯威夫特打开自家大门的那一刻，它显然听到了斯塔尔的声音）”可知，斯威夫特打开大门的一刻，麦洛开始跑是因为它听到从雪莉·斯塔尔的房子里传来的声音。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“‘I could not move at all,’ says Starr, who was jammed between the toilet and the tub. Starr was scared. ‘I’m thinking: I’m just going to die here,’ she says.（‘我根本动不了，’斯塔尔说，她被挤在马桶和浴缸之间。斯塔尔很害怕。‘我在想：我要死在这里了，’她说）”可知，斯塔尔当时很害怕。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Unless you were Milo, who apparently heard Starr the moment Swift opened her own front door.（除非你是麦洛，在斯威夫特打开自家大门的那一刻，他显然听到了斯塔尔的声音）”可以推论出，是麦洛的敏锐的听觉救了斯塔尔。故选B项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Two years ago, her mother died. She says Milo has helped her with her grief. ‘That dog is a blessing,’ she says.（两年前，她的母亲去世了。她说米洛帮助她度过了悲伤。‘那只狗真是个福气，’她说）”可知，对斯威夫特来说，麦洛是个福气。故选D项。
D
Over the past few years China’s aerospace industry has witnessed many landmark events. Apart from celebrating these scientific achievements, the public has also developed a growing interest in the missions’ unique names, of which many are derived from China’s myths and legends.
China’s spacecraft are called Shenzhou. This literally means “heavenly ship” in Chinese, and is also a homonym for the Chinese words “divine land”, which is a term used in literary works to refer to the country. China’s moon exploration project and its lunar probe(月球探测器)are both named after a Chinese goddess of the moon,Chang’e. In 2013,the Chang’e-3 lunar probe landed on the moon and was carried around by a lunar rover(月球车)called Yutu. The two names perfectly match the legend of the moon fairy and her pet. In another example,the relay satellite for the Chang’e-4 moon exploration mission is called Queqiao, or “magpie bridge”. The magpie bridge, in a Chinese folk tale, was formed by millions of magpies, so that a separated couple could meet each other despite the Milky Way. Likewise,the Queqiao relay satellite serves as a “space-bridge”for communication between the moon and the earth.
Chinese people’s eagerness for the universe dated back to ancient times, some even tried to explore. Luban, a great inventor living in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, made a flying wood bird. Others created many myths and legends, such as “Kuafu Chases the Sun”, to explain phenomena that they could not explain. These traditional stories have become the source of inspiration for Chinese scientists in the naming of major space missions.
The famous spacecraft and rovers built by the United States include the Challenger,the Opportunity and the Spirit, whose names reflect a positive and enterprising spirit. This is quite unlike how the Chinese name their spacecraft,which reflects the Chinese people’s sense of romance and awe for space as well as their efforts to pass down traditional culture and their ancestors’ spirit of scientific discovery. Nevertheless, all these names, Chinese or foreign, showcase the dreams of humankind and our collective pursuit to discover the secrets of space.
When Apollo 11 prepared to land on the moon, the control center on earth told the astronauts onboard to “watch for a lovely girl with a big rabbit”, which refers to Chang’e and her rabbit Yutu. With the rapid progress of China’s aerospace industry, more and more Chinese stories embodying Chinese romanticism will be shown to the world.
12. How is paragraph 2 developed?
A. By making comparisons.
B. By describing processes.
C. By giving examples.
D. By analyzing causes.
13. Why the relay satellite was named “Queqiao”?
A. Because this name can draw public attention.
B. Because this name comes from a Chinese folk tale.
C. Because this name reflects Chinese romanticism.
D. Because this name indicates the function of the relay satellite.
14. What can we infer from the last three paragraphs?
A. The ancient Chinese explored the space to create myths and legends.
B. Some spaces missions’ names are originated from traditional stories.
C. China and the US name their spacecraft differently because of different pursuits.
D. China’s aerospace industry has changed the world.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Space Missions’ Names.
B. How to name Space Missions?
C. Space Missions’ Names Embody Chinese Romanticism.
D. Chinese Myths and Legends.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国航空航天业见证了许多具有里程碑意义的事件，这些任务独特的名字很多事来自于中国的神话与浪漫传说。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In another example, the relay satellite for the Chang’e-4 moon exploration mission is called Queqiao, or “magpie bridge”. The magpie bridge, in a Chinese folk tale, was formed by millions of magpies, so that a separated couple could meet each other despite the Milky Way.(在另一个例子中，嫦娥四号月球探测任务的中继卫星被称为“鹊桥”。在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。)”可知，该段列举了多个与中国神话相关的航空航天任务的名称，所以本段是用举例子的方式展开的。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The magpie bridge, in a Chinese folk tale, was formed by millions of magpies, so that a separated couple could meet each other despite the Milky Way. Likewise, the Queqiao relay satellite serves as a “space-bridge” for communication between the moon and the earth.(在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。同样，鹊桥中继卫星充当了月球和地球之间通信的“太空桥梁”。)”可知，“鹊桥”可以使一对分离的夫妻在银河相聚，而“鹊桥”中继卫星的充当的是月球和地球通信的“太空桥梁”，由此可知，二者的功能相似，所以中继卫星命名为“鹊桥”是因为这个名词暗示了中继卫星的功能。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“These traditional stories have become the source of inspiration for Chinese scientists in the naming of major space missions.(这些传统故事已经成为中国科学家命名重大太空任务的灵感来源。)”和倒数第二段中的“This is quite unlike how the Chinese name their spacecraft, which reflects the Chinese people’s sense of romance and awe for space as well as their efforts to pass down traditional culture and their ancestors’ spirit of scientific discovery. (这与中国人如何命名他们的航天器完全不同，这反映了中国人对太空的浪漫和敬畏感，以及他们传承传统文化和祖先科学发现精神的努力。)”以及最后一段中的“With the rapid progress of China’s aerospace industry, more and more Chinese stories embodying Chinese romanticism will be shown to the world.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”可知，在后三段中都提到了中国航空航天也任务的名字与中国的神话和浪漫的中国故事相关，由此后三段可推断出一些太空任务的名称来源于传统故事。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Apart from celebrating these scientific achievements, the public has also developed a growing interest in the missions’ unique names, of which many are derived from China’s myths and legends.(除了庆祝这些科学成就，公众也对这些任务的独特名字产生了越来越大的兴趣，其中许多名字来自中国的神话和传说。)”以及尾段中的“With the rapid progress of China’s aerospace industry, more and more Chinese stories embodying Chinese romanticism will be shown to the world.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”以及全文中列举的中国航天任务的名称可知，本文主要讲述的是中国航天任务名字与中国的神话传说以及浪漫的故事有关，所以本文的题目为“太空任务的名称体现了中国的浪漫主义”体现了文章讲述的主题，概括了全文的内容，符合题目的要求。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, (立冬), the 19th solar term of the year, means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up. ____16____
Eating dumplings
A legend has it that at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, “Medical Saint” Zhang Zhongjing saved many people in Henan province around Start of Winter. He cooked mutton, hot peppers and herbs to drive away the cold and increase body heat. He wrapped these ingredients into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape, which became known as “dumpling”. ____17____
“Nourishing the winter”(补冬)
On the first day of Start of Winter, there is a custom, “nourishing the winter”,in Southeast China. ____18____, people there like to eat high-calorie food such as chicken, beef, mutton, and fish, which are usually stewed (炖)with Chinese medicines to strengthen the effectiveness of the nourishment.
Eating Chinese pumpkins
In Tianjin, on the first day of Start of Winter, people eat dumplings stuffed with Chinese pumpkins (wogua). ____19____. Generally, the pumpkins are bought in the summer and stored until the Start of Winter.
Eating tuanzi
On the first day of Start of Winter, some people of Southern China have a custom of eating tuanzi, a kind of traditional Chinese food made with rice. ____20____ And the tuanzi made by the newly-harvested crops tastes delicious.
A. To prepare for the oncoming cold winter
B. At this time, the autumn grain crops have just been sold on the market
C. To celebrate Start of Winter
D. Most rural residents make tuanzi by themselves
E. Here are things you should know about Start of Winter
F. It is a common vegetable in North China
G. Since then,people have learned to make the food, and the custom was passed on to today
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国24节气之一——立冬的相关风俗。
【16题详解】
分析语篇结构可知，此空处应为引出下文，根据空前的“Start of Winter, (立冬), the 19th solar term of the year, means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up.(立冬是一年中的第19个节气，意味着冬天来了，秋天收获的庄稼应该储存起来。)”可知，本文讲述的与立冬相关，下文中介绍了四个与立冬相关的风俗，E选项“Here are things you should know about Start of Winter(以下是关于立冬你应该知道的事情)”引出了下文中与立冬相关的风俗，符合题意。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据主题句“Eating dumplings”可知，该部分讲述的与立冬吃饺子的风俗相关，根据空前“He wrapped these ingredients into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape, which became known as “dumpling”.(他把这些食材包在面皮里，做成了耳朵的形状，这就是后来的“饺子”。)”可知，此处讲述了饺子的由来，G选项“Since then, people have learned to make the food, and the custom was passed on to today(他把这些食材包在面皮里，做成了耳朵的形状，这就是后来的“饺子”。)”对立冬吃饺子的由来进行总结，其中的the food指的是空前的“dumpling”。故选G项。
【18题详解】
分析句子结构可知，此处只能是非谓语动词短语或者是带有连词的句子，根据主题““Nourishing the winter”(补冬)”可知，本段讲述的是立冬“进补”相关，A选项“To prepare for the oncoming cold winter(为即将到来的寒冷冬天做准备)”讲述的内容是为入冬做准备，与主题“进补”相关，且句式结构符合句子构成。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据空前的“In Tianjin, on the first day of Start of Winter, people eat dumplings stuffed with Chinese pumpkins (wogua). (在天津，在立冬的第一天，人们吃倭瓜馅的饺子。)”可知，此处指的是立冬时吃倭瓜馅的饺子，根据空后“Generally, the pumpkins are bought in the summer and stored until the Start of Winter.(一般来说，倭瓜在夏天购买并储存到冬天开始。)”可知，倭瓜在夏季购买储存到立冬，可推断，此空处是在讲述倭瓜这种蔬菜的情况，F选项“It is a common vegetable in North China(倭瓜是华北地区常见的蔬菜)”是对“倭瓜”的介绍，内容与上下文吻合。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据空后的“And the tuanzi made by the newly-harvested crops tastes delicious.(新收获的庄稼做的团子味道鲜美。)”可知，这种新收获的农作物应指的是空处的内容，B选项“At this time, the autumn grain crops have just been sold on the market(此时，秋粮作物刚刚在市场上出售)”可知，秋季作物刚刚在市场上出售，与空后的“newly-harvested crops”指代一致，内容吻合。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had three items in a checkout line. A woman and two teenage boys ____21____ me had maybe a half-dozen. The customer at the register, a white-haired woman, had already begun to____22____ her goods and was holding out cash to pay for them.
Then came the problem.Sometimes it’s someone who forgot to____23____ a piece of fruit,or someone searching for ____24____.Fair enough.One waited.
But today, it was____25____ else.Somehow, this woman didn’t have enough money. So she began the____26____ of choosing which items to keep and which to ____27____ to the cashier for re-shelving. She paused over each one ____28____ keeping or giving it up.
We waited. There was a huge line gradually.
The process went on and on. Finally, in the black, the woman turned back to us as she left, ____29____ and apologetic.We ____30____ her embarrassment. It could happen to anyone.We were____31____ sympathetic.
But I had no idea just how sympathetic the mother and her children ahead of me were until their turn came. She asked the ____32____ to add all the left-behind ____33____ to her bill as quickly as possible. Then the two boys ran out through the exit with the small bag of groceries to send it to the old woman.
When they returned, it was clear that they had done their job perfectly.
“That was very nice! What a (an) ____34____ to a stranger!”I offered.
All it took to____35____ this flash of kindness was waiting a little longer in a checkout line.
21. A. beside B. behind C. ahead of D. across
22. A. decorate B. bag C. save D. settle
23. A. gather B. harvest C. weigh D. bite
24. A. chance B. place C. time D. change
25. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
26. A. progress B. process C. range D. response
27. A. come back B. call back C. hold back D. hand back
28. A. if B. unless C. although D. before
29. A. awkward B. pleased C. worried D. curious
30. A. put off B. set off C. waved off D. cut off
31. A. roughly B. honestly C. cautiously D. accidentally
32. A. cashier B. woman C. Passages D. customer
33. A. mass B. packages C. belongings D. items
34. A. generosity B. invitation C. dream D. information
35. A. observe B. witness C. notice D. reserve
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在超市买东西时遇到的帮助别人买单的好人好事。
【21题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我前面的一个女人和两个十几岁的男孩大概有六个。A. beside在旁边；B. behind在后面；C. ahead of在……前面；D. across交叉。前文提到“I had three items in a checkout line.”（我在收银台排队买了三件东西。）和“The customer at the register, a white-haired woman , had already begun to 1 her goods and was holding out cash to pay for them.”（收银台前的顾客是一位白发苍苍的妇女，她已经开始结账了，手里拿着现金准备付款。）由此判断，作者前面还有人结账。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：收银台前的顾客是一位白发苍苍的妇女，她已经开始把自己的商品装进袋子，手里拿着现金准备付款。A. decorate装修；B. bag打包；C. save拯救；D. settle决定。后文提到“was holding out cash to pay for them.”（手里拿着现金准备付款），准备付账了说明准备开始把自己的东西装好了。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时是因为有人忘记称水果的重量，有时是因为有人想要找零。A. gather聚集；B. harvest收获；C. weigh称重；D. bite咬。根据常识可知，在超市购买水果之后要进行称重之后再付款。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时是因为有人忘记称水果的重量，有时是因为有人想要找零。A. chance机会；B. place地点；C. time时间；D. change零钱。前文提到“was holding out cash to pay for them.”（里拿着现金准备付款），由此判断，这间超市还在用现金付款，因此有人付款的时候就需要找零钱给顾客。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：但今天，情况有所不同。A. something某事；B. nothing没什么事；C. anything任何事；D. everything每件事。后文提到“Somehow, this woman didn’t have enough money. ”（不知为什么，这个女人没有足够的钱。），由此判断，这个准备付钱的女人出现的情况并不像是作者遇到的忘记称重或者要找零钱这样的情况，而是一些别的情况。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，她开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要交还给收银员重新上架。A. progress进步；B. process步骤；C. range范围；D. response反应。前后文提到“choosing which items to keep”（选择哪个要留下），“to the cashier for re-shelving.”（重新上架）由此判断，这是一个选择物品是否留下的过程。且后文提到“The process went on and on.”（这个过程一直持续。）根据原词process（过程）复现也可知空处选B。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：于是，她开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要交还给收银员重新上架。A. come back回来，返回；B. call back回电；C. hold back隐瞒；退缩；D. hand back退还。后文提到“to the cashier for re-shelving”（给收银员重新上架），由此判断，要将商品还给收银员之后才能重新上架。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她在每个商品上都停下来，要么留下，要么放弃。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. although尽管；D. before在……之前。前文提到“So she began the process of choosing which items to keep and which to hand back to the cashier for re-shelving.”（是，她开始选择哪些要保留，哪些要交还给收银员重新上架。），由此判断，要在每个商品在留下或退回之前思考一下。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，那个穿黑色衣服的女人转身离开，尴尬而抱歉地看着我们。A. awkward尴尬的；B. pleased满意的；C. worried焦急的；D. curious好奇的。前文提到“We waited. There was a huge line gradually.”（我们等待着。逐渐排起了长长的队伍。），由此判断，在超市要让别人等自己决定哪个东西要留下或退回是一件非常尴尬的事。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：我们对她的尴尬不以为然。A. put off推迟；B. set off出发；C. waved off不以为然；D. cut off切断。后文提到“It could happen to anyone.”（这有可能发生在任何人身上），由此判断，每个人都有可能发生这样的事情，因此我们对妇女的行为并没有感觉到尴尬。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们真诚地表示同情。A. roughly粗鲁地；B. honestly真诚地；C. cautiously小心地；D. accidentally意外地。前文提到“We waved off her embarrassment. It could happen to anyone.”（我们对她的尴尬不以为然。这可能发生在任何人身上。），看到她的情况，有可能也会发生在我们身上，因此我们对她的情况表示真诚的同情。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让收银员尽快把所有剩下的东西加到她的账单上。A. cashier收银员；B. woman妇女；C. passages短文；D. customer顾客。后文提到“to add all the left-behind items to her bill as quickly as possible.”（把所有剩下的商品加到她的账单上），由此判断，她是要求收银员扫描商品。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让收银员尽快把所有剩下的东西加到她的账单上。A. mass混乱；B. packages包裹；C. belongings附属物；D. items东西。根据前文提到的被上一个顾客退回给收银员的东西可知，此处表示这些没有被购买的东西。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：太好了!对一个陌生人真是太慷慨了！A. generosity慷慨；B. invitation邀请；C. dream梦想；D. information信息。前文提到“She asked the cashier to add all the left-behind items to her bill as quickly as possible. Then the two boys ran out through the exit with the small bag of groceries to send it to the old woman.”（她让收银员尽快把所有剩下的东西加到她的账单上。然后，两个男孩拿着小包食品从出口跑出去，把它送给了老妇人。），作者看到这位带着小孩的母亲把陌生人没有买到的东西买单了并且送给了那位陌生人，这是一件非常慷慨的事情。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你只需要在收银台前多等一会儿，就能见证这一瞬间的善意。A. observe观察；B. witness目击；C. notice注意；D. reserve保留。根据前文可知，作者是在商场等待买单的时候见证了一位母亲对陌生人的善意。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
URUMQI-After packing some naan bread and____36____ dented water bottle, Shan Zhizheng and his wife start up their motorcycle and head off to a cultural relic site, ____37____ (break) the silence that envelops the valley.
It’s a round trip of around 150 kilometers and____38____ (they) starting point is the pastoral and farming landscape of Wenquan county in Bortala,Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region(维吾尔自治区).
____39____ (know) as “a museum without walls”, Wenquan county is home to nearly 260 cultural relic sites under____40____ (variety) levels of protection, including tombs, cliff paintings and____41____ (ruin),____42____ provide materials for researching the history of ancient northern nomads and tribes, according to the county cultural relic protection bureau.
Shan and his wife, Yuan Qin, are responsible for protecting one particular relic site that____43____ (cover) about eight square kilometers. Once a week, the couple patrols more than 200 ancient tombs dating back ____44____ between the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) and the Han Dynasty (202 BC-AD 220).
Their relic protection routine usually includes walking around the site to look for footprints and motorcycle tracks, keeping records of the tombs, ____45____ updating the local cultural relic authorities in a timely manner.
【答案】36. a 37. breaking
38. their 39. Known
40. various
41. ruins 42. which
43. covers 44. to
45. and
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了单志正（Shan Zhizheng）和他的妻子负责保护一个占地约8平方公里的遗址的相关事迹。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：乌鲁木齐——单志正（Shan Zhizheng）和他的妻子带着一些馕饼和一个凹陷的水瓶，开上摩托车，打破了笼罩在山谷里的寂静，前往一处文物遗址。分析句子可知，名词water bottle(水瓶)前使用不定冠词修饰，表示“一个”，此处为泛指，且形容词dented(凹陷的)为辅音因素开头的形容词，因此需使用不定冠词a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：乌鲁木齐——单志正（Shan Zhizheng）和他的妻子带着一些馕饼和一个凹陷的水瓶，开上摩托车，打破了笼罩在山谷里的寂静，前往一处文物遗址。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语start up(启动)和head off(出发)，空处需使用非谓语，break和主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，需使用现在分词表示主动作状语。故填breaking。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：这是一个大约150公里的往返行程，他们的起点是中国西北部新疆维吾尔自治区博尔塔拉的温泉县的田园和农业景观。分析句子可知，空处可使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语starting point(起点)。故填their。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：据温泉县文物保护局介绍，温泉县有“没有围墙的博物馆”之称，拥有古墓、岩画、遗址等各级保护文物近260处，为研究古代北方游牧民族和部落的历史提供了材料。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语is，空处需使用非谓语形式。know和主语Wenquan county(温泉镇)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用过去分词表被动。位于句首时首字母大写。故填Known。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据温泉县文物保护局介绍，温泉县有“没有围墙的博物馆”之称，拥有古墓、岩画、遗址等各级保护文物近260处，为研究古代北方游牧民族和部落的历史提供了材料。分析句子可知，空处需使用形容词various(各种各样的)作定语修饰levels。故填various。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：据温泉县文物保护局介绍，温泉县有“没有围墙的博物馆”之称，拥有古墓、岩画、遗址等各级保护文物近260处，为研究古代北方游牧民族和部落的历史提供了材料。分析句子可知，and连接的名词为并列关系，且需保持单复数一致，因此空处也应使用复数形式，表示泛指。故填ruins。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据温泉县文物保护局介绍，温泉县有“没有围墙的博物馆”之称，拥有古墓、岩画、遗址等各级保护文物近260处，为研究古代北方游牧民族和部落的历史提供了材料。分析句子可知，该句是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此需使用关系代词which在从句中作主语指代前文的内容。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：单和他的妻子袁琴负责保护一个占地约8平方公里的特殊遗址。分析句子可知，动词cover(占据)在定语从句中作谓语，从句中代词that指代先行词one particular relic site(一个特殊遗址)为单数形式，从句中谓语也应用单数形式，且此处陈述一般事实，应使用一般现在时。故填covers。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：这对夫妇每周都要巡视200多座古墓，这些古墓可以追溯到战国时期（公元前475-221年）和汉代（公元前202年-公元220年）。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语date back to，意为“追溯到……”。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：故他们的文物保护工作通常包括在遗址周围走动，寻找脚印和摩托车痕迹，记录墓葬，并及时向当地文物部门报告。分析句子可知，动词include(包括)后列举的名词为并列关系，需使用表示并列关系的连词and连接。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，是一名在美国的交换生，你生病住院期间不少同学来看望你。现在请你给他们写一封信，内容包括：
1．感谢生活上的关心;
2．感谢学习上的帮助;
3．欢迎到中国做客;
注意：1．字数80左右
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear friends,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear friends,
I would like to express my heartfelt thanks for all the care and companionship you offered during my illness.
Your support and concern helped me to overcome my homesickness and I truly appreciate the time you spent visiting me in the hospital. Furthermore, thank you for helping me with my language skills. It is due to your assistance that my oral English has greatly improved. Lastly, I warmly welcome you to visit me in China whenever you have the chance. I would be delighted to show you around and offer you a taste of our culture and cuisine.
Thanks again and I hope I will have the opportunity to return your kindness.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，是一名在美国的交换生，你生病住院期间不少同学来看望你。现在请你给他们写一封信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
真诚的：heartfelt→sincere
克服：overcome→get over
此外：furthermore→what's more
因为：due to→because of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： I would be delighted to show you around and offer you a taste of our culture and cuisine.
拓展句： I would be delighted to show you around, which offers you a taste of our culture and cuisine.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is due to your assistance that my oral English has greatly improved. （运用了强调句型）
【高分句型2】 Lastly, I warmly welcome you to visit me in China whenever you have the chance.（运用了状语从句）
第二节
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Surprise for Grandfather
From high up in his apartment building, Peter could see the canal stretching in both directions. Every Saturday, Peter watched for grandfather riding toward the building on his bicycle. But today, Peter knew that his grandfather wouldn’t come and he would not hear the ring-ring of grandfather’s bicycle bell. What’s worse, there would be no Saturday afternoon picnic in the park.
Last week, his grandfather had hip surgery (髋部手术). Now he rested at home needing a walking stick to walk-and Peter didn’t know if grandfather would ever ride his bike again. Peter sighed. The sky looked beautiful today, but Peter missed his grandfather. Would he ever again hear the ring-ring as grandfather approached? That’s when Peter had an idea. He grabbed his birthday money-10 euros-from the top dresser drawer. Then he hurried to tell mom his plan.
A few minutes later, Peter ran down the stairs of his building and burst into the afternoon sunshine. His bike was waiting for him. Peter fastened his helmet and pedaled down (踩踏板) the rough road.
Ring-ring sang his bicycle bell to alert walkers that he was coming.
He pedaled past the corner bicycle accessories (配件) shop. He pedaled past the window washer who whistled as he worked. And he pedaled over a bridge.
“Hello,” he called to a girl fishing in the canal.
“Hello,” he called to a baby in a stroller.
Peter pedaled two more blocks and then arrived at the. market. He loved the market’s sights and smells. Buckets were filled with bright bouquets of tulips. Tables were full of rounds of cheese. Colorful vegetables were piled high-red tomatoes, white asparagus, orange carrots, green lettuce, purple potatoes, and yellow peppers. And Peter’s favorite-baskets overflowed with freshly baked breads, rolls, and pastries. He inhaled the smell, and his mouth watered.
Peter’s euros jingled in his pocket as he walked through the market, examining each table. He stopped at a fruit stand and chose two shiny apples. “Thank you,” Peter said to the farmer and handed him one euro. He stopped at the cheese table and asked for half a pound of cheese. ”Thank you,” Peter said to the cheesemaker, handing him three euros. Finally, he stopped in front of the bread baskets and chose a crusty oblong loaf (大面包).“Thank you，”he said to the baker，handing him two euros. Peter placed the items in his bicycle basket and pedaled back.
Ring-ring sang his bicycle bell to alert walkers that he was coming.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置做答。
Paragraph 1:
He pedaled over the bridge.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
But instead of heading for home, Peter pedaled in a different direction.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Paragraph1: He pedaled over the bridge. He pedaled past the window washer who whistled while he worked. And he pedaled straight to the corner bicycle accessories (配件) shop. He parked his bike and ran inside with his last four euros. He was a little nervous at the thought that the money might not be enough. Fortunately, it was just enough to buy what he needed. He added the new bag to his basket and hopped back on his bike to complete the final leg of his journey. He laughed, his eyes shining with excitement.
Paragraph2: But instead of heading for home, Peter pedaled in a different direction. Finally, he arrived at a familiar building. He parked his bicycle, gathered his bags, and knocked on the wide door. “I brought the picnic to you, grandpa! And also, a gift.” Grandfather took the bag that Peter offered and opened it. “A bicycle bell?” Grandfather chuckled. “ Yes, it’s for your walking stick. When you’re stronger, we can walk to our picnic at the park!” Grandfather’s face lit up with happiness. It was a moment Peter would never forget, a moment that made all the effort worth it.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索。文章讲述了彼得的祖父经常骑自行车去公园，后来做了手术，彼得用自己的生日钱购买了水果还有一个自行车铃铛送给了祖父，希望祖父恢复后还可以去公园的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写
由第一段首句内容“他骑车过桥。”可知，第一段可描写彼得去自行车店购买东西的经过。
由第二段首句内容“但彼得并没有回家，而是朝着不同的方向骑行。”可知，第二段可描写彼得给祖父送礼物，祖父非常高兴，彼得的感受等。
2.续写线索：购买铃铛——送铃铛——表达愿望——祖父高兴——彼得的感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.骑自行车：pedal/ ride on a bicycle/ cycle
②.到达：arrive at/reach/get to
③.给予：offer/afford/give
情绪类
①.紧张：nervous/tense/intense
②.高兴：laugh/his eyes shining with excitement/lit up with happiness/be glad/be joyful
【点睛】【高分句型1】He pedaled past the window washer who whistled while he worked.（运用了定语从句和状语从句）
【高分句型2】It was a moment Peter would never forget, a moment that made all the effort worth it.（运用了定语从句）
听力答案：1.ABBCB 6. CACAB 11. AACCB 16. ACACB
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