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山东省泰安市宁阳县2022-2023学年高三英语上学期11月期中试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份山东省泰安市宁阳县2022-2023学年高三英语上学期11月期中试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年高三上学期期中检测试题
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Doctor and patient.
2. Where does this conversation probably take place?
A. At school. B. At the office. C. At the man’s house.
3. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A new skirt. B. A new apartment. C. A birthday party.
4. When will they get to the concert?
A. 4:30. B. 4:45. C. 5:00.
5. What does Alex think of the movie?
A. Boring. B. Unpopular. C. Enjoyable.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the speakers meet last time?
A. In the supermarket. B. At Cathy’s house. C. In Anna’s home.
7. Why did Anna stop wearing her glasses with red ears?
A. She got tired of washing them.
B. She bought a new pair of glasses.
C. She could see clearly without glasses.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why is Cara in London?
A. She works there. B. She is on vacation. C. She is visiting her friends.
9. What was the weather like during Alan’s stay in Amsterdam?
A. Cold. B. Snowy. C. Sunny.
听第8段材料，回答第10至 12题。
10. What was the man doing?
A. Ordering something to eat.
B. Looking for the counter.
C. Waiting for his friend.
11. What does the woman find interesting?
A. She and Harry both come from Melbourne.
B. She and the man both are friends of Harry.
C. The man and Harry both love reading.
12. What is the woman’s hobby?
A. Chatting with friends. B. Watching films. C. Traveling abroad.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. To work hard. B. To change his job. C. To play football.
14. What does the man think the woman should improve?
A. Her management. B. Her computer skills. C. Her salary.
15. How does the woman like her job?
A. Very interesting. B. Too busy. C. Really tiring.
16. Where does the man suggest the woman work?
A. At the university. B. At his company. C. At home.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who caused the accident?
A. A news reporter. B. Michael Brown. C. Mario Cowley.
18. How many people were hurt in the accident?
A. None. B. One C. Two.
19. When was the building named as the historic building?
A. In1925. B. In1994. C. In 2018.
20. What did the building serve as originally?
A. A restaurant. B. A dance hall. C. A trading post.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Teen adventure: Europe coast to coast 2022
If you are interested in Europe Coast to Coast for the summer of2022, please reach out to us and we will notify you when we’ve published the 2022 schedule and opened the application.
Holland, Belgium, Paris
Our group will gather in Amsterdam and spend the first night in the ancient Dutch city of Haarlem before picking up the well-traveled Nordzeeroute bike route. This protected, coastal path winds its way along the coast of the North Sea for nearly 300 miles, past windmills and over banks. We’ll make our way through charming Dutch and Belgian towns and cross the border into France. Once in France, we’ll ride quiet country roads through small villages, enjoying the many delights of rural French life along our way. We’ll continue south to Chantilly and take a train in to spend a day in the City of Light.
Rural France, Germany’s Black Forest & the Bodensee
From Paris, we continue east through the vineyard(葡萄园) covered hills of the Champagne region, into the green valleys of Alsace-Lorraine, and then on to Strasbourg, right on France’s border with Germany. We’ll cross the Rhine River and follow Germany’s outstanding network of bike paths through the charming Black Forest to the shores of Lake Constance, also known in Germany as the Bodensee. We’ll look across this famous lake to the snow-covered peaks of the Alps — the next leg of our journey together.
The Alps, Northern Italy Venice
Leaving the Bodensee, we’ll start our climb into and through the Austrian Alps. Shortly after skirting the Swiss border, we’ll cross into Bella Italia and begin our downhill descent(斜坡) toward the warm waters of the Adriatic Sea. Upon arrival, we’ll put our bikes away and spend our final days together celebrating our great cycling skills while exploring Venice, one of the world’s most beautiful and mysterious cities.
1. Where will the adventurers explore the City of Light?
A. In France. B. In Holland. C. In Belgium. D. In Germany.
2. What will the adventurers do in Germany?
A. Swim in the Rhine River. B. Sail on Lake Constance.
C. Get to the top of the Alps. D. Ride through the Black Forest.
3. How many countries will the adventurers cross in total?
A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. D. Eight.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了Europe coast to coast2022年夏季活动的行程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Holland, Belgium, Paris部分中“Once in France, we’ll ride quiet country roads through small villages, enjoying the many delights of rural French life along our way. We’ll continue south to Chantilly and take a train in to spend a day in the City of Light.(到达法国后，我们将在宁静的乡村道路上穿行，沿途欣赏法国乡村生活的种种乐趣。我们将继续向南前往尚蒂伊坐火车在光明之城度过一天。)”可知，冒险者将在法国探索光明之城。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rural France, Germany’s Black Forest & the Bodensee部分中“We’ll cross the Rhine River and follow Germany’s outstanding network of bike paths through the charming Black Forest to the shores of Lake Constance, also known in Germany as the Bodensee.(我们将穿过莱茵河，沿着德国著名的自行车道网络，穿过迷人的黑森林，来到康斯坦斯湖畔，在德国也被称为博登湖。)”可知，冒险者将在德国骑自行车穿过黑森林。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Holland, Belgium, Paris部分中“We’ll make our way through charming Dutch and Belgian towns and cross the border into France.(我们将穿过迷人的荷兰和比利时小镇穿过边境进入法国。)”及Rural France, Germany’s Black Forest & the Bodensee部分中“We’ll cross the Rhine River and follow Germany’s outstanding network of bike paths through the charming Black Forest...(我们将穿过莱茵河，沿着德国著名的自行车道网络，穿过迷人的黑森林……)”及最后一段中“Leaving the Bodensee, we’ll start our climb into and through the Austrian Alps. Shortly after skirting the Swiss border, we’ll cross into Bella Italia...(离开博登湖，我们将开始攀登并穿过奥地利阿尔卑斯山脉。绕过瑞士边境后不久，我们将进入贝拉意大利……)”可知，冒险者穿过荷兰、比利时、法国、德国、奥地利及意大利，共6个国家。故选B项。
B
Imagine that one day you live in a highly immersive (身临其境) virtual world. You can go to a virtual concert, take a trip online, view or create artworks and try on or buy digital clothing. Amid a pandemic like COVID-19, instead of seeing teachers and classmates on a video call screen, you could join them in a virtual classroom. This may help you understand the concept, metaverse.
The term metaverse refers to a shared virtual 3D world in which people can access via the Internet. Currently, most virtual spaces look more like the inside of a video game than real life. However, metaverse’s made the digital spaces more realistic by the use of virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR, 增强现实).
Metaverse was first used in Neal Stephenson’s novel Snow Crash in 1992. The novel is about Hiro, a pizza delivery man by day and a VR superhero by night who lives in an online universe called The Metaverse. “He is in a computer-generated universe that his computer is drawing onto his glasses and pulling into his earphones,” the novel says of the city that everyone pops into in VR. The idea rings in many other works, for example, in Ready Player One directed by Steven Spielberg.
In recent years, metaverse has become the latest popular word to capture the tech industry’s imagination so much that one of the best-known Internet platforms is renamed to embrace the futuristic idea-Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg recently announced that he changed his company’s name to Meta.
Tech companies are also dedicated to exploring metaverse-related products. Facebook has launched meeting software for companies, called Horizon Workrooms, to use with VR headsets. The headsets cost $300 or more, putting the metaverse’s most cutting-edge (尖端的) experiences out of reach for many. For users who can afford it, they can enter the virtual worlds created by different companies. Fans of metaverse see it as the next stage in the development of the Internet.
So, do you expect the coming of metaverse?
4. What can be inferred about metaverse?
A. It is a video game like real life.
B. It is a parallel universe imagined by scientists.
C. It gives us a real life in a virtual world.
D. It can protect yourself from a pandemic.
5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The fiction Snow Crash. B. The origin of metaverse.
C. A VR superhero. D. The film Ready Player One.
6. Why did Facebook CEO use Meta as his company’s name?
A. Metaverse has become more popular. B. He lives in a virtual world every day.
C. Facebook is the best-known Internet platform. D. He has accepted the idea of metaverse.
7. What can we know from the text about VR headsets?
A. They are very cheap for most of us.
B. Their users can experience a virtual world.
C. Horizon Workroom don’t need them at all.
D. They will bring us into the final stage of the Internet.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了什么是虚拟空间（metaverse）、其产生的由来及运用。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Imagine that one day you live in a highly immersive (身临其境) virtual world. You can go to a virtual concert, take a trip online, view or create artworks and try on or buy digital clothing. Amid a pandemic like COVID-19, instead of seeing teachers and classmates on a video call screen, you could join them in a virtual classroom. This may help you understand the concept, metaverse.(想象一下，有一天你生活在一个高度沉浸式的虚拟世界里。你可以去听一场虚拟音乐会，在网上旅行，观看或创作艺术品，试穿或购买数字服装。在像COVID-19这样的大流行中，你可以在虚拟教室中与他们一起，而不是在视频通话屏幕上看到老师和同学。这可能会帮助你理解“虚拟空间”这个概念)”可推知，虚拟空间(metaverse)可以让我们在虚拟世界中看到真实的生活。故选C项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Metaverse was first used in Neal Stephenson’s novel Snow Crash in 1992.(虚拟空间在1992年Neal Stephenson的小说《雪灾》中首次使用)”及本段内容可知，第三段描述了虚拟空间的起源。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“In recent years, metaverse has become the latest popular word to capture the tech industry’s imagination so much that one of the best-known Internet platforms is renamed to embrace the futuristic idea-Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg recently announced that he changed his company’s name to Meta.(近年来，虚拟空间已经成为吸引科技行业想象力最新流行词汇，以至于最知名的互联网平台之一被重新命名——Facebook首席执行官马克·扎克伯格最近宣布，他将公司的名字改为Meta——以接受未来主义的想法)”可知，Facebook首席执行官使用Meta作为其公司名字是因为虚拟空间变得很受欢迎。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The headsets cost $300 or more, putting the metaverse’s most cutting-edge experiences out of reach for many. For users who can afford it, they can enter the virtual worlds created by different companies.(这款耳机价格为300美元或更多，让很多人无法获得超时空最先进的体验。对于有钱的用户来说，他们可以进入由不同公司创建的虚拟世界)”可知，VR耳机用户可以体验虚拟世界。故选B项。
C
Gutiérrez’s life changed after finding a copy of Anna Karenina in the trash (垃圾) 20 years ago. It happened one night when he saw discarded books while driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods. It ignited his desire to start rescuing books from the trash. He took home about 50 books every morning after his night shift. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library for children from low-income families.
Bogota, Colombia’s capital, has 19 public libraries. However, they are far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is out of reach for families struggling to make ends meet. Gutiérrez’s community library is a true representation of how one man’s trash can be another’s treasure. “I don’t think I’m doing something so great. The library is simply a bridge between people who throw books and those who have no access to books,” he said about his remarkable efforts.
Today, his library, called “the Strength of Words”, contains over 20,000 books and occupies most of his home. Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection. The library is open every weekend, when neighborhood children pour in. “The whole value of the library lies in helping kids start reading. This is important for kids in Bogota where many young people kill time in the streets and fall victim to vices such as taking drugs,” said Gutiérrez.
Gutiérrez grew up poor, and his family couldn’t afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, he never lets a lack of formal education stop him from reading. “Books are the greatest invention of human beings. There’s nothing more beautiful than having a book handy,” Guiérrez said. His journey to giving back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can improve the lives of those around us by identifying needs, investing time and finding a simple solution.
8. What does the underlined word “ignited” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Indicated. B. Satisfied. C. Limited. D. Stimulated.
9. Which of the following can best describe Gutérrez?
A. Caring and humble. B. Smart and independent.
C. Traditional and self-disciplined. D. Ambitious and easy-going.
10. What do paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly tell us?
A. Bogota’s main social problems.
B. The library’s rich variety of books.
C. The bad habits of Bogota’s young people.
D. The library’s significance for the neighborhood.
11. What message does Gutiérrez’s story deliver?
A. Education is the key to success.
B. All things are difficult before they are easy.
C. Small acts of kindness make a big difference.
D. Books are the food for the hungry of great mind.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式建立了一个社区图书馆，帮助农村和贫困社区的孩子们开始阅读，改善了孩子们的生活。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“It happened one night when he saw discarded books while driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods. It ignited his desire to start rescuing books from the trash. He took home about 50 books every morning after his night shift.”（一天晚上，当他开着垃圾车经过富裕的社区时，看到了被丢弃的书。这ignited了他从垃圾中拯救书籍的欲望。他每天早上上完夜班后带了大约50本书回家。）可知，被丢弃的书籍使Gutiérrez有了收集这些书的想法，而且他也确实开始从垃圾堆里收集废书带回家，此处ignited his desire指点燃或激发他的欲望。A. indicated 表明；B. satisfied 使满意；C. limited 限制；D. stimulated激发。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Bogota, Colombia’s capital, has 19 public libraries. However, they are far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is out of reach for families struggling to make ends meet.”（哥伦比亚首都波哥大有19家公共图书馆。然而，他们远离农村和贫困社区。对于那些努力维持生计的家庭来说，购买新书的选择是无法承受的。）可知，Gutérrez考虑到贫困家庭买不起新书，孩子没有书可读，说明Gutérrez对他人的关心。根据第二段““I don’t think I’m doing something so great. The library is simply a bridge between people who throw books and those who have no access to books,” he said about his remarkable efforts.”（“我不认为我在做什么伟大的事情。图书馆只是把扔书的人和没办法接触到书的人联系起来的桥梁，”他这样评价自己非凡的努力。）可知，Gutérrez其实做着伟大的事情，但他自己并不这样认为，说明他是一个谦虚的人。故选A项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Gutiérrez’s community library is a true representation of how one man’s trash can be another’s treasure.”（Gutiérrez的社区图书馆是一个关于“一个人的垃圾可以成为另一个人的财富”的真实例子。）以及第三段“The whole value of the library lies in helping kids start reading.”（图书馆的全部价值在于帮助孩子们开始阅读。）可知，第二段和第三段主要告诉我们图书馆对社区的意义。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要讲述Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事。根据最后一段“His journey to giving back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can improve the lives of those around us by identifying needs, investing time and finding a simple solution.”（他回馈当地社区的故事是一个惊人的例子，说明我们每个人都可以通过识别需求、投入时间和找到简单的解决方案来改善我们周围人的生活。）可知，作者通过Gutiérrez的故事想传达给我们：小的善举会带来大的不同。故选C项。
D
A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent years as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.
More than 2,000 people visited the northern Alaska village of Kaktovik in 2018 to see polar bears in the wild. The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.
Polar bears have always been a common sight on sea ice near Kaktovik, but villagers started noticing a change in the mid-1990s. More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service biologists began hearing reports of the increasing number of polar bears in the area in the early 2000s. As more attention was given to the plight (困境)of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.
The village had fewer than 50 visitors annually before 2011, said Jennifer Reed, of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. "Today we’re talking about hundreds and hundreds of visitors, many from around the world each year," Reed said. Most tourists visit in the fall, when bears are forced toward land because sea ice is farthest away from the shore. Bruce Inglangasak, a local hunter who sometimes offers wildlife-viewing tours, said been offering polar bear tours since 2004. Most of his clients(客户) are from China and Europe, as well as from the lower 48 U. S. states. Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels. The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.
12. What causes more polar bears to stay on land in Kaktovik?
A. Food shortage. B. Climate change.
C. Habitats, movement to shore. D. Their preference for land.
13. How did common people feel about more sight of bears on land?
A. Excited. B. Puzzled. C. Concerned. D. Shocked.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Hotels in Kaktovik are in demand in autumn.
B. Kaktovik has about 50 visitors annually.
C. Inglangasak makes a living as a tour guide.
D. Tourism affects the balance of nature.
15. Which saying can describe the text?
A. The fittest can survive. B. After a storm comes a calm.
C. There is always opportunity in crisis. D. Every coin has two sides.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致海冰融化，北极熊登陆，为阿拉斯加的一个小村庄带来了巨大的人气，促进了当地旅游业发展，当地人又用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供积极的保护。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.( 北极熊群落位于一个温度越来越高的地区，这加速了海冰的移动，而海冰是北极熊的主要栖息地。随着冰逐渐移动到大陆架以外的深水区，更多的熊留在陆地上寻找食物。)”可知，全球变暖加速了海冰融化，破坏了北极熊原本的栖息地，越来越多的北极熊待在陆地上以寻找食物。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. ”(更多的熊似乎待在陆地上，研究人员开始注意到更多的雌熊在陆地上的雪地里而不是在冰上安家来抚养它们的孩子。)和“As more attention was given to the plight (困境)of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.( 大约十年前，人们对北极熊的困境给予了更多的关注，更多的游客开始前往Kaktovik。)”可知，随着越来越多的北极熊出现在陆地上，研究人员、生物学家等也越来越多地关注北极熊所处的这一困境，随后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，大众对更多北极熊登陆现象表示关注。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Most tourists visit in the fall(大多数游客在秋天参观)”及“Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels.( 许多游客会在村里呆上几天，村里有两家小旅馆。)”可知，大多数游客会选择在秋季去Kaktovik游览，而且很多游客会在这个小村庄待上几天，而这个小村庄只有两个小旅馆，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅馆很抢手。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章可知，并根据第一段“A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent year's as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.( 近年来，由于北极熊待在陆地上的时间比待在北极海冰上的时间更长，阿拉斯加的一个小村庄迎来了一波旅游业热潮。)和第二段描述可知，因为全球气候变暖，北极熊被迫登陆来寻找食物以生存下去，这本来是北极熊的困境，然而北极熊登陆却促进了一个小村庄旅游业的发展，这对小村庄来说是一个机遇。再结合最后一段的“The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.”(村名们从旅游业中受益匪浅。反过来，他们用旅游业得来的财政支持为北极熊提供更有效的保护)可推知，D项Every coin has two sides. “事物都有两面性”可以描述本文讲述的情况 。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature. It's a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go dark”. ____16____
It's true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.____17____On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature.
But on another level, a large number of people’s acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies. ____18____ They begin considering green issues when big decisions.
The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is “60+” .The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. ____19____ In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.
____20____ Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原声的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight. Tree-planting sessions, group walks and runs are also among the options.
A. But this is only the beginning.
B. Earth Hour represents every hour of every day.
C. After all, everyone has to answer for what they have done.
D. Besides turning off the lights, people get involved in other events.
E. It pushes them to take urgent measures by making changes to policies.
F. That is, they switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time for one hour.
G. The plus invites people to continue their action even after Earth Hour is finished.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由世界自然基金会组织的“地球一小时”活动，督促人们重视环境保护。
【16题详解】
上文“On this evening, people ‘go dark’.(在这个晚上，人们‘走向黑暗’。)”说明活动中，这个晚上人们“走向黑暗”，选项F“也就是说，他们在同一时间关掉所有不必要的灯一个小时。”是对上文的具体解释，选项中switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time和上文中dark语义相关，通顺合理。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“It’s true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.(的确，关灯一小时只节省少量的电力。)”说明关灯一个小时看似作用不大，选项A“但这只是开始。”承接上文，转折语义，说明这只是个开始，引出下文阐述关灯一个小时所带来的益处，以及更深层的做法和意义。故选A项。
18题详解】
上文“But on another level, a large number of people’s acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies.(但在另一个层面上，大量民众的共同行动向政府和企业发出了强有力的信息。)”说明民众已向政府和企业发出强烈信息，选项E“促使他们通过改变政策采取紧急措施。”承接上文，说明民众发出强烈信息的作用，促使政府改变政策采取措施，引出下文“They begin considering green issues when big decisions.(他们在做重大决定时就开始考虑环保问题。)”对选项进一步解释。选项中与上下文语义相关，通顺合理。故选E项。
【19题详解】
上文“The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is ‘60+’ .The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. (‘地球一小时’的标志是‘60+’，数字60代表‘地球一小时’的60分钟。)”说明“地球一小时”的标志是“60+”，选项G“这个“加号”邀请人们在地球一小时结束后继续他们的行动。”是对上文“60+”的解释，引出下文“In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.(事实上，参与“地球一小时”活动的人们说，参与这一活动让他们想为环境做更多的事情。)”具体进一步说明人们在地球一个小时活动后想做更多的有关环保事情。选项中The plus和上文中+号语义一致，选项和上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选G项。
【20题详解】
下文“Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原声的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight.(音乐家们举行音乐会的方式是使用原声乐器而不是电子乐器，使用蜡烛而不是电灯。名厨为家庭制作了特别的食谱，让他们在烛光下享用。)”说明本段主要讲述除了关灯，人们做的其他节约能源的事情，选项D“除了关灯，人们参与其他活动。”位于段首，概括点明本段主题，说明本段讲述内容是除了关灯以外的其他活动。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of labor along with my father. Our family was too ____21____ to afford paid laborers. Working in the rice fields was no easy job, especially in summer. The ____22____ sun would beat upon my arched back. With only a hat, a shirt and a pair of shorts as my ____23____, I would be sweating like a pig within seconds.
One day, while resting beside the field, I ____24____ my present life: My family was tied to land, doing ____25____ jobs every day. How could we and farmers like us have ____26____ to a better life? Thinking of this, I was suddenly ____27____ with great pity and great respect for them, and the focus of my ____28____ began to extend beyond myself and my family. A voice inside me ____29____ that I should do something to help that. It was right then that I _____30_____ to pursue useful knowledge and technology to _____31_____ their burden of labour. This undeniable (不可否定的) _____32_____ pushed me hard to go to a university on a scholarship and _____33_____ earn a degree on agriculture.
Although now I went into academic research, I would always _____34_____ what working in the rice fields had taught me: Your hard work will be _____35_____ if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth.
21. A. desperate B. wise C. poor D. proud
22. A. blinding B. amazing C. rising D. burning
23. A. preference B. protection C. purchase D. priority
24. A. puzzled over B. worried about C. believed in D. complained about
25. A. high-paying B. heart-breaking C. back-breaking D. risk-taking
26. A. reactions B. contributions C. access D. addiction
27. A. consumed B. provided C. confused D. troubled
28. A. career B. schedule C. interest D. concern
29. A. protested B. insisted C. warned D. predicted
30. A. attempted B. promised C. resolved D. agreed
31. A. lighten B. quicken C. distribute D. shoulder
32. A. curiosity B. outcome C. fact D. urge
33. A. immediately B. ultimately C. definitely D. rarely
34. A. treasure B. doubt C. adopt D. ignore
35. A. facilitated B. relieved C. challenged D. rewarded
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了作者少时在农田里帮助家人出劳力工作，十分辛苦。这样的情境下，他思考人生，甚至对农民的生活有了担忧，于是下定决心要学习知识和技术以减轻他们的负担。终于如愿地大学毕业，获得农业学位，进行农业方面的研究。但是，少时田地里的经历时刻铭记心中：脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们家太穷了，负担不起雇人。A. desperate绝望的；B. wise聪明的，明智的；C. poor贫穷的；D. proud骄傲的，自豪的。根据前文“From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of labor along with my father.(从八岁起，我就得和父亲一起做劳力。)”可推知，作者年少时家中贫穷。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：灼热的太阳会照在我拱着的背上。A. blinding刺眼的，雪亮的；B. amazing震惊的；C. rising提高的，增加的；D. burning燃烧的，炙热的。根据前文“especially in summer(特别是在夏天)”可知，夏季的烈日刺痛了作者的后背。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有一顶帽子、一件衬衫和一条短裤作为保护，我几秒钟内就会汗流浃背。A. preference喜欢，偏爱；B. protection保护；C. purchase购买，采购；D. priority优先，最重要的事情。根据前文“With only a hat, a shirt and a pair of shorts(只有一顶帽子，一件衬衫和一条短裤)”可知，这些是炎炎夏日里，作者的防护。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，当我在田边休息时，我对我现在的生活陷入思考：我的家人被束缚在土地上，每天做着累人的工作。A. puzzled over苦苦思索；B. worried about担心，担忧；C. believed in相信；D. complained about抱怨。根据后文“My family was tied to land…(我的家庭被束缚在土地上)”分析可知，后文是作者对生活的思考。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我在田边休息时，我对我现在的生活陷入思考：我的家人被束缚在土地上，每天做着累人的工作。A. high-paying高薪的；B. heart-breaking令人心碎的，让人心疼的；C. back-breaking使人筋疲力尽的；D. risk-taking冒险的。根据前文“Working in the rice fields was no easy job(在稻田里干活可不是件容易的事)”可知，农田里的生活不容易，让人筋疲力尽。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们和像我们这样的农民怎样才能有机会过上更好的生活? A. reactions反应；B. contributions贡献，捐款；C. access获得的机会，使用权，入口；D. addiction上瘾。分析可知，“have access to…”，固定短语，意为“有……的机会”，用在句子中表达“有过上更好的生活的机会”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到这些，我突然对他们充满了怜悯和尊敬，我关心的焦点开始超越我自己和我的家人。A. consumed消耗，使充满（强烈的感情）；B. provided提供；C. confused使困惑；D. troubled使苦恼，麻烦。分析语境可知，“great pity and great respect for them(对他们极大的同情和尊敬)”是作者当时思考人生时而出现的强烈的感情。“be consumed with…”，可意为“充满某种感情”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：想到这些，我突然对他们充满了怜悯和尊敬，我关心的焦点开始超越我自己和我的家人。 A. career事业；B. schedule日程，时间表；C. interest兴趣；D. concern担心，忧虑。分析语境“How could we and farmers like us have ___6___ to a better life?(我们和像我们这样的农民怎样才能有机会过上更好的生活?)”可知，这些都是作者对于农民生活的关注和担忧。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我内心的一个声音坚持要我做点什么来帮助他们。A. protested反对，抗议；B. insisted坚持；C. warned提醒，警告；D. predicted预言，预测。根据后文“that I should do something to help that(我应该做点什么来帮助他们)”可推知，作者内心的声音坚持认为自己应该有所作为。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是从那时起，我决定追求有用的知识和技术，以减轻他们的劳动负担。A. attempted努力，尝试；B. promised允诺；C. resolved解决，做出决定；D. agreed同意。分析语境“to pursue useful knowledge and technology to ____11 ____ their burden of labour(追求有用的知识和技术，减轻他们的劳动负担)”可知，这是作者思考之后决心要做的事情。“resolve to do”，意为“决心去做”。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是从那时起，我决定追求有用的知识和技术，以减轻他们的劳动负担。A. lighten减轻，使变亮；B. quicken加快，加速；C. distribute分发，分配；D. shoulder承担，担负。分析语境“to pursue useful knowledge and technology to…(追求有用的知识和技术)”可知，学习有用的知识和技术是为了减轻负担，让农民的工作不那么累。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种不可否认的冲动促使我以奖学金进入大学，并最终获得农业学位。A. curiosity好奇；B. outcome收入；C. fact事实；D. urge欲望，冲动。根据后文“pushed me hard to go to a university on a scholarship and ___13 ____ earn a degree on agriculture(促使我以奖学金进入大学，并最终获得农业学位)”可推知，应是一种强烈的欲望和冲动给了作者动力。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种不可否认的冲动促使我以奖学金进入大学，并最终获得农业学位。A. immediately立即，马上；B. ultimately最终，最后；C. definitely肯定，确实；D. rarely罕有，很少。根据后文“earn a degree on agriculture(获得农业学位)”可知，作者最后取得了农业学位。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在从事学术研究，但我会永远珍惜在稻田里工作的经历：脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。A. treasure珍爱，珍惜；B. doubt怀疑；C. adopt收养，采纳；D. ignore忽略，不理睬。根据后文“Your hard work will be ____15 ____ if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth.(脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。)”可推知，年少时耕耘的经验是需要珍惜的。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在从事学术研究，但我会永远珍惜在稻田里工作的经历：脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。A. facilitated促进，促使；B. relieved缓解，减轻；C. challenged挑战；D. rewarded奖励，回报。根据后文“if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth(如果你脚踏实地，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理)”可推知，脚踏实地，终将苦尽甘来，得到回报。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Saturday, an activity to experience farming culture ____36____ (hold) in Temple of Agriculture in Beijing.
As ____37____ important ritual architectural complex near the central axis (中心轴) of Beijing, the temple used to be a place for emperors of the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) ____38____ (dynasty) to perform sacrifices in the hope for good harvests, and ____39____ (have) become a witness of China’s farming civilization.
____40____ (organize) by the Beijing Ancient Architecture Museum, the activity this time included a ceremony to start harvest, scholars’ ____41____ (introduce) of 24 solar terms and Temple of Agriculture, and an experience activity in ____42____ people were invited to reap crops with their own hands.
The activity aims to make more people understand the humanistic spirit of ____43____ (respect) and valuing agriculture, revering nature and seeking harmonious coexistence ____44____ human and nature, and feel the profoundness of traditional Chinese farming culture and the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people.
The activity helps people ____45____ (well) understand traditional farming culture in China.
【答案】36. was held 37. an
38. dynasties
39. has 40. Organized
41. introductions
42. which 43. respecting
44. between
45. better
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了北京农庙举办活动，帮助人们更好地了解传统农耕文化。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：周六，一场体验农耕文化的活动在北京农庙举行。主语an activity后缺少谓语动词，活动和举办是被动关系，用被动语态，表示过去发生的动作用一般过去时。故填was held。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：作为北京中轴线附近的一个重要的仪式建筑群，该寺曾是明(1368-1644)和清(1644-1911)两朝皇帝祭祀的地方，希望获得好收成，并已成为中国农业文明的见证。complex是单数名词，前面填冠词，important是元音开头的形容词，用冠词an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为北京中轴线附近的一个重要的仪式建筑群，该寺曾是明(1368-1644)和清(1644-1911)两朝皇帝祭祀的地方，希望获得好收成，并已成为中国农业文明的见证。明清两个朝代，用名词复数。故填dynasties。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：作为北京中轴线附近的一个重要的仪式建筑群，该寺曾是明(1368-1644)和清(1644-1911)两朝皇帝祭祀的地方，希望获得好收成，并已成为中国农业文明的见证。表示现在之前发生的事情对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，主语是单数名词temple，谓语用has+过去分词。故填has。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此次活动由北京古建筑博物馆组织，活动内容包括开始收割仪式、学者介绍二十四节气和农庙，以及邀请人们亲自动手收割的体验活动。谓语动词是include，organize是非谓语动词，活动和组织是被动关系，用过去分词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Organized。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：此次活动由北京古建筑博物馆组织，活动内容包括开始收割仪式、学者介绍二十四节气和农庙，以及邀请人们亲自动手收割的体验活动。名词所有格后用名词，学者们的多种介绍，用名词复数。故填introductions。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此次活动由北京古建筑博物馆组织，活动内容包括开始收割仪式、学者介绍二十四节气和农庙，以及邀请人们亲自动手收割的体验活动。先行词是activity，介词后作宾语，用which引导定语从句。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：活动旨在让更多的人了解尊重和重视农业、敬畏自然、寻求人与自然和谐共处的人文精神，感受中国传统农耕文化的博大精深和中国人民的智慧与勤劳。介词后用动名词作宾语。故填respecting。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：活动旨在让更多的人了解尊重和重视农业、敬畏自然、寻求人与自然和谐共处的人文精神，感受中国传统农耕文化的博大精深和中国人民的智慧与勤劳。表示人类和自然之间的共处，用介词between。故填between。
45题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：这个活动帮助人们更好地了解中国的传统农耕文化。副词修饰动词作状语，表示更好了解，用well比较级better。故填better。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你准备参加学校下周即将举办的英语演讲比赛，讲述中国故事。请给你的英国笔友Tom写一封邮件请他给予指导，内容包括：
1.说明比赛要求；
2.请他提一些建议；
3.表示感谢。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
Next Thursday, all the students and teachers in our school will gather in the auditorium at 3 p.m. to enjoy a special activity--an English speech contest with the theme of “telling Chinese stories in English”. I am preparing to take part in it. Having known that you have a good knowledge of it, I am writing to ask you for some help.
Thank you very much for your time. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文为应用文。假定你是李华，你准备参加学校下周即将举办的英语演讲比赛，讲述中国故事。请给你的英国笔友Tom写一封邮件请他给予指导，内容包括：说明比赛要求；请他提一些建议；表示感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
集合：gather→assemble
主题：theme→topic
参加：take part in→participate in
对……有很好的了解：have a good knowledge of→know well
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Next Thursday, all the students and teachers in our school will gather in the auditorium at 3 p.m. to enjoy a special activity--an English speech contest with the theme of “telling Chinese stories in English”.
拓展句：Next Thursday, all the students and teachers in our school will gather in the auditorium at 3 p.m. to enjoy a special activity--an English speech contest whose theme is “telling Chinese stories in English”.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Next Thursday, all the students and teachers in our school will gather in the auditorium at 3 p.m. to enjoy a special activity--an English speech contest with the theme of “telling Chinese stories in English”.(运用了不定式作目的状语)
【高分句型2】 Having known that you have a good knowledge of it, I am writing to ask you for some help.(运用了非谓语动词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The other day, I was driving home, a little upset because I hated working at the weekend. On the way, I decided to grab some veggies in the nearby greengrocer's. Since there was still thin ice on the road, I took a glance at the rear mirror to make sure no pedestrians or vehicles came close, and slowly steered the wheel to the right. Then out of any of my expectancy my car bumped into an electric bike, giving out a harsh metallic clash. I collected myself and saw out of the window screen a teenager lean on one side of the bike, one foot off the ground.
All of a sudden, a familiar scene flashed across my mind.
When I was in high school, I had fun riding my bike along the country road on sweltering and boring afternoons during summer holidays. Sometimes I carried my little brother to the only grocery store in the neighborhood where we could buy our favorite ice cream. Once we had an argument about what to buy. Seeing him leave the store in a temper, I jumped on the bike and tried to talk him into going back. Suddenly, he gave me a push and I inclined towards the middle of the road when a motorbike came in my face. I fell on the ground before I could see anything clearly. Luckily, I didn't get hurt but still couldn’t rise to my feet. The motorist, a middle-aged man, ignoring his torn jeans, shed to check on me, “Are you okay? Your leg? Your foot?"
“I am all right, but..."I stared at him, terrified because I was sure he would ask for "big" sum of money for compensation. Instead, he just let me go despite his wife's protests. Guilty as I was, I was happy that I was spared. I was really grateful to the man for pardoning a silly kid who had made such a big mistake involuntarily.
注意：1,续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1
Seeing the same fright in the boy's eyes, I quickly got out of my car.
Paragraph 2
The boy offered to give me some money for the damage.
【答案】Paragraph 1
Seeing the same fright in the boy's eyes, I quickly got out of my car. “Are you okay? Your leg? Your foot?” I asked the same questions. The boy leaning on the bike shook his head nervously and spoke nothing. He just looked at me with his blue eyes wide open. I could see why. My car was badly damaged at the rear, which obviously would cost me lots of money to repair it. I just smiled and turned to check my car. Suddenly, the boy said something behind me.
Paragraph 2
The boy offered to give me some money for the damage. I turned around and looked at him in the eyes and smiled again. “No worries, kid,” I said, “It is not a big deal. I can handle it myself.” The boy was puzzled. “I experienced the same things when I was as your age and I was forgiven, so are you now. Just go home and be careful.” I explained to him. An obvious surprise flashed across his face but was quickly replaced by great relief. He got off his bike and bowed deeply, saying, “Thank you, sir.” I smiled again, knowing that: A seed of kindness and forgiveness was planted.
【解析】
【分析】本文讲述了作者在停车过程，车尾被一个男孩骑的自行车撞了，而且车受损严重。作者想到自己小时候曾有相似的经历并且得到了车主的原谅，于是作者也原谅这个男孩。作者的善举让男孩惊讶不已并在男孩心中播下了善良的种子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看到男孩同样惊恐的眼神，我赶紧下了车。”可知，第一段可描写下车后我看见什么，说了什么和做了什么。
②由第二段首句内容“那个男孩提出要给我一些赔偿损失的钱。”可知，第二段可描写我如何拒绝男孩的赔偿并解释原因。
2.续写线索：询问——查看情况——提出赔偿——选择原谅——解释原因
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.主动提出：offer/propose/suggest
②.转身：turned around/turn to leave
③.闪现：flashed across
情绪类
①.疑惑：puzzled /confused/bewildered
【点睛】[高分句型1]. He just looked at me with his blue eyes wide open.（with复合结构）
[高分句型2]. My car was badly damaged at the rear, which obviously would cost me lots of money to repair it.（由which引导的定语从句）
2022-2023学年高三上学期期中检测试题
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Doctor and patient.
2. Where does this conversation probably take place?
A. At school. B. At the office. C. At the man’s house.
3. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A new skirt. B. A new apartment. C. A birthday party.
4. When will they get to the concert?
A. 4:30. B. 4:45. C. 5:00.
5. What does Alex think of the movie?
A. Boring. B. Unpopular. C. Enjoyable.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the speakers meet last time?
A. In the supermarket. B. At Cathy’s house. C. In Anna’s home.
7. Why did Anna stop wearing her glasses with red ears?
A. She got tired of washing them.
B. She bought a new pair of glasses.
C. She could see clearly without glasses.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why is Cara in London?
A. She works there. B. She is on vacation. C. She is visiting her friends.
9. What was the weather like during Alan’s stay in Amsterdam?
A. Cold. B. Snowy. C. Sunny.
听第8段材料，回答第10至 12题。
10. What was the man doing?
A. Ordering something to eat.
B. Looking for the counter.
C. Waiting for his friend.
11. What does the woman find interesting?
A. She and Harry both come from Melbourne.
B. She and the man both are friends of Harry.
C. The man and Harry both love reading.
12. What is the woman’s hobby?
A. Chatting with friends. B. Watching films. C. Traveling abroad.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. To work hard. B. To change his job. C. To play football.
14. What does the man think the woman should improve?
A. Her management. B. Her computer skills. C. Her salary.
15. How does the woman like her job?
A. Very interesting. B. Too busy. C. Really tiring.
16. Where does the man suggest the woman work?
A. At the university. B. At his company. C. At home.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who caused the accident?
A. A news reporter. B. Michael Brown. C. Mario Cowley.
18. How many people were hurt in the accident?
A. None. B. One C. Two.
19. When was the building named as the historic building?
A. In1925. B. In1994. C. In 2018.
20. What did the building serve as originally?
A. A restaurant. B. A dance hall. C. A trading post.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Teen adventure: Europe coast to coast 2022
If you are interested in Europe Coast to Coast for the summer of2022, please reach out to us and we will notify you when we’ve published the 2022 schedule and opened the application.
Holland, Belgium, Paris
Our group will gather in Amsterdam and spend the first night in the ancient Dutch city of Haarlem before picking up the well-traveled Nordzeeroute bike route. This protected, coastal path winds its way along the coast of the North Sea for nearly 300 miles, past windmills and over banks. We’ll make our way through charming Dutch and Belgian towns and cross the border into France. Once in France, we’ll ride quiet country roads through small villages, enjoying the many delights of rural French life along our way. We’ll continue south to Chantilly and take a train in to spend a day in the City of Light.
Rural France, Germany’s Black Forest & the Bodensee
From Paris, we continue east through the vineyard(葡萄园) covered hills of the Champagne region, into the green valleys of Alsace-Lorraine, and then on to Strasbourg, right on France’s border with Germany. We’ll cross the Rhine River and follow Germany’s outstanding network of bike paths through the charming Black Forest to the shores of Lake Constance, also known in Germany as the Bodensee. We’ll look across this famous lake to the snow-covered peaks of the Alps — the next leg of our journey together.
The Alps, Northern Italy Venice
Leaving the Bodensee, we’ll start our climb into and through the Austrian Alps. Shortly after skirting the Swiss border, we’ll cross into Bella Italia and begin our downhill descent(斜坡) toward the warm waters of the Adriatic Sea. Upon arrival, we’ll put our bikes away and spend our final days together celebrating our great cycling skills while exploring Venice, one of the world’s most beautiful and mysterious cities.
1. Where will the adventurers explore the City of Light?
A. In France. B. In Holland. C. In Belgium. D. In Germany.
2. What will the adventurers do in Germany?
A. Swim in the Rhine River. B. Sail on Lake Constance.
C. Get to the top of the Alps. D. Ride through the Black Forest.
3. How many countries will the adventurers cross in total?
A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. D. Eight.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了Europe coast to coast2022年夏季活动的行程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Holland, Belgium, Paris部分中“Once in France, we’ll ride quiet country roads through small villages, enjoying the many delights of rural French life along our way. We’ll continue south to Chantilly and take a train in to spend a day in the City of Light.(到达法国后，我们将在宁静的乡村道路上穿行，沿途欣赏法国乡村生活的种种乐趣。我们将继续向南前往尚蒂伊坐火车在光明之城度过一天。)”可知，冒险者将在法国探索光明之城。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rural France, Germany’s Black Forest & the Bodensee部分中“We’ll cross the Rhine River and follow Germany’s outstanding network of bike paths through the charming Black Forest to the shores of Lake Constance, also known in Germany as the Bodensee.(我们将穿过莱茵河，沿着德国著名的自行车道网络，穿过迷人的黑森林，来到康斯坦斯湖畔，在德国也被称为博登湖。)”可知，冒险者将在德国骑自行车穿过黑森林。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Holland, Belgium, Paris部分中“We’ll make our way through charming Dutch and Belgian towns and cross the border into France.(我们将穿过迷人的荷兰和比利时小镇穿过边境进入法国。)”及Rural France, Germany’s Black Forest & the Bodensee部分中“We’ll cross the Rhine River and follow Germany’s outstanding network of bike paths through the charming Black Forest...(我们将穿过莱茵河，沿着德国著名的自行车道网络，穿过迷人的黑森林……)”及最后一段中“Leaving the Bodensee, we’ll start our climb into and through the Austrian Alps. Shortly after skirting the Swiss border, we’ll cross into Bella Italia...(离开博登湖，我们将开始攀登并穿过奥地利阿尔卑斯山脉。绕过瑞士边境后不久，我们将进入贝拉意大利……)”可知，冒险者穿过荷兰、比利时、法国、德国、奥地利及意大利，共6个国家。故选B项。
B
Imagine that one day you live in a highly immersive (身临其境) virtual world. You can go to a virtual concert, take a trip online, view or create artworks and try on or buy digital clothing. Amid a pandemic like COVID-19, instead of seeing teachers and classmates on a video call screen, you could join them in a virtual classroom. This may help you understand the concept, metaverse.
The term metaverse refers to a shared virtual 3D world in which people can access via the Internet. Currently, most virtual spaces look more like the inside of a video game than real life. However, metaverse’s made the digital spaces more realistic by the use of virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR, 增强现实).
Metaverse was first used in Neal Stephenson’s novel Snow Crash in 1992. The novel is about Hiro, a pizza delivery man by day and a VR superhero by night who lives in an online universe called The Metaverse. “He is in a computer-generated universe that his computer is drawing onto his glasses and pulling into his earphones,” the novel says of the city that everyone pops into in VR. The idea rings in many other works, for example, in Ready Player One directed by Steven Spielberg.
In recent years, metaverse has become the latest popular word to capture the tech industry’s imagination so much that one of the best-known Internet platforms is renamed to embrace the futuristic idea-Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg recently announced that he changed his company’s name to Meta.
Tech companies are also dedicated to exploring metaverse-related products. Facebook has launched meeting software for companies, called Horizon Workrooms, to use with VR headsets. The headsets cost $300 or more, putting the metaverse’s most cutting-edge (尖端的) experiences out of reach for many. For users who can afford it, they can enter the virtual worlds created by different companies. Fans of metaverse see it as the next stage in the development of the Internet.
So, do you expect the coming of metaverse?
4. What can be inferred about metaverse?
A. It is a video game like real life.
B. It is a parallel universe imagined by scientists.
C. It gives us a real life in a virtual world.
D. It can protect yourself from a pandemic.
5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The fiction Snow Crash. B. The origin of metaverse.
C. A VR superhero. D. The film Ready Player One.
6. Why did Facebook CEO use Meta as his company’s name?
A. Metaverse has become more popular. B. He lives in a virtual world every day.
C. Facebook is the best-known Internet platform. D. He has accepted the idea of metaverse.
7. What can we know from the text about VR headsets?
A. They are very cheap for most of us.
B. Their users can experience a virtual world.
C. Horizon Workroom don’t need them at all.
D. They will bring us into the final stage of the Internet.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了什么是虚拟空间（metaverse）、其产生的由来及运用。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Imagine that one day you live in a highly immersive (身临其境) virtual world. You can go to a virtual concert, take a trip online, view or create artworks and try on or buy digital clothing. Amid a pandemic like COVID-19, instead of seeing teachers and classmates on a video call screen, you could join them in a virtual classroom. This may help you understand the concept, metaverse.(想象一下，有一天你生活在一个高度沉浸式的虚拟世界里。你可以去听一场虚拟音乐会，在网上旅行，观看或创作艺术品，试穿或购买数字服装。在像COVID-19这样的大流行中，你可以在虚拟教室中与他们一起，而不是在视频通话屏幕上看到老师和同学。这可能会帮助你理解“虚拟空间”这个概念)”可推知，虚拟空间(metaverse)可以让我们在虚拟世界中看到真实的生活。故选C项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Metaverse was first used in Neal Stephenson’s novel Snow Crash in 1992.(虚拟空间在1992年Neal Stephenson的小说《雪灾》中首次使用)”及本段内容可知，第三段描述了虚拟空间的起源。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“In recent years, metaverse has become the latest popular word to capture the tech industry’s imagination so much that one of the best-known Internet platforms is renamed to embrace the futuristic idea-Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg recently announced that he changed his company’s name to Meta.(近年来，虚拟空间已经成为吸引科技行业想象力最新流行词汇，以至于最知名的互联网平台之一被重新命名——Facebook首席执行官马克·扎克伯格最近宣布，他将公司的名字改为Meta——以接受未来主义的想法)”可知，Facebook首席执行官使用Meta作为其公司名字是因为虚拟空间变得很受欢迎。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The headsets cost $300 or more, putting the metaverse’s most cutting-edge experiences out of reach for many. For users who can afford it, they can enter the virtual worlds created by different companies.(这款耳机价格为300美元或更多，让很多人无法获得超时空最先进的体验。对于有钱的用户来说，他们可以进入由不同公司创建的虚拟世界)”可知，VR耳机用户可以体验虚拟世界。故选B项。
C
Gutiérrez’s life changed after finding a copy of Anna Karenina in the trash (垃圾) 20 years ago. It happened one night when he saw discarded books while driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods. It ignited his desire to start rescuing books from the trash. He took home about 50 books every morning after his night shift. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library for children from low-income families.
Bogota, Colombia’s capital, has 19 public libraries. However, they are far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is out of reach for families struggling to make ends meet. Gutiérrez’s community library is a true representation of how one man’s trash can be another’s treasure. “I don’t think I’m doing something so great. The library is simply a bridge between people who throw books and those who have no access to books,” he said about his remarkable efforts.
Today, his library, called “the Strength of Words”, contains over 20,000 books and occupies most of his home. Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection. The library is open every weekend, when neighborhood children pour in. “The whole value of the library lies in helping kids start reading. This is important for kids in Bogota where many young people kill time in the streets and fall victim to vices such as taking drugs,” said Gutiérrez.
Gutiérrez grew up poor, and his family couldn’t afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, he never lets a lack of formal education stop him from reading. “Books are the greatest invention of human beings. There’s nothing more beautiful than having a book handy,” Guiérrez said. His journey to giving back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can improve the lives of those around us by identifying needs, investing time and finding a simple solution.
8. What does the underlined word “ignited” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Indicated. B. Satisfied. C. Limited. D. Stimulated.
9. Which of the following can best describe Gutérrez?
A. Caring and humble. B. Smart and independent.
C. Traditional and self-disciplined. D. Ambitious and easy-going.
10. What do paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly tell us?
A. Bogota’s main social problems.
B. The library’s rich variety of books.
C. The bad habits of Bogota’s young people.
D. The library’s significance for the neighborhood.
11. What message does Gutiérrez’s story deliver?
A. Education is the key to success.
B. All things are difficult before they are easy.
C. Small acts of kindness make a big difference.
D. Books are the food for the hungry of great mind.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式建立了一个社区图书馆，帮助农村和贫困社区的孩子们开始阅读，改善了孩子们的生活。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“It happened one night when he saw discarded books while driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods. It ignited his desire to start rescuing books from the trash. He took home about 50 books every morning after his night shift.”（一天晚上，当他开着垃圾车经过富裕的社区时，看到了被丢弃的书。这ignited了他从垃圾中拯救书籍的欲望。他每天早上上完夜班后带了大约50本书回家。）可知，被丢弃的书籍使Gutiérrez有了收集这些书的想法，而且他也确实开始从垃圾堆里收集废书带回家，此处ignited his desire指点燃或激发他的欲望。A. indicated 表明；B. satisfied 使满意；C. limited 限制；D. stimulated激发。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Bogota, Colombia’s capital, has 19 public libraries. However, they are far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is out of reach for families struggling to make ends meet.”（哥伦比亚首都波哥大有19家公共图书馆。然而，他们远离农村和贫困社区。对于那些努力维持生计的家庭来说，购买新书的选择是无法承受的。）可知，Gutérrez考虑到贫困家庭买不起新书，孩子没有书可读，说明Gutérrez对他人的关心。根据第二段““I don’t think I’m doing something so great. The library is simply a bridge between people who throw books and those who have no access to books,” he said about his remarkable efforts.”（“我不认为我在做什么伟大的事情。图书馆只是把扔书的人和没办法接触到书的人联系起来的桥梁，”他这样评价自己非凡的努力。）可知，Gutérrez其实做着伟大的事情，但他自己并不这样认为，说明他是一个谦虚的人。故选A项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Gutiérrez’s community library is a true representation of how one man’s trash can be another’s treasure.”（Gutiérrez的社区图书馆是一个关于“一个人的垃圾可以成为另一个人的财富”的真实例子。）以及第三段“The whole value of the library lies in helping kids start reading.”（图书馆的全部价值在于帮助孩子们开始阅读。）可知，第二段和第三段主要告诉我们图书馆对社区的意义。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要讲述Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事。根据最后一段“His journey to giving back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can improve the lives of those around us by identifying needs, investing time and finding a simple solution.”（他回馈当地社区的故事是一个惊人的例子，说明我们每个人都可以通过识别需求、投入时间和找到简单的解决方案来改善我们周围人的生活。）可知，作者通过Gutiérrez的故事想传达给我们：小的善举会带来大的不同。故选C项。
D
A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent years as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.
More than 2,000 people visited the northern Alaska village of Kaktovik in 2018 to see polar bears in the wild. The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.
Polar bears have always been a common sight on sea ice near Kaktovik, but villagers started noticing a change in the mid-1990s. More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service biologists began hearing reports of the increasing number of polar bears in the area in the early 2000s. As more attention was given to the plight (困境)of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.
The village had fewer than 50 visitors annually before 2011, said Jennifer Reed, of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. "Today we’re talking about hundreds and hundreds of visitors, many from around the world each year," Reed said. Most tourists visit in the fall, when bears are forced toward land because sea ice is farthest away from the shore. Bruce Inglangasak, a local hunter who sometimes offers wildlife-viewing tours, said been offering polar bear tours since 2004. Most of his clients(客户) are from China and Europe, as well as from the lower 48 U. S. states. Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels. The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.
12. What causes more polar bears to stay on land in Kaktovik?
A. Food shortage. B. Climate change.
C. Habitats, movement to shore. D. Their preference for land.
13. How did common people feel about more sight of bears on land?
A. Excited. B. Puzzled. C. Concerned. D. Shocked.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Hotels in Kaktovik are in demand in autumn.
B. Kaktovik has about 50 visitors annually.
C. Inglangasak makes a living as a tour guide.
D. Tourism affects the balance of nature.
15. Which saying can describe the text?
A. The fittest can survive. B. After a storm comes a calm.
C. There is always opportunity in crisis. D. Every coin has two sides.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致海冰融化，北极熊登陆，为阿拉斯加的一个小村庄带来了巨大的人气，促进了当地旅游业发展，当地人又用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供积极的保护。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.( 北极熊群落位于一个温度越来越高的地区，这加速了海冰的移动，而海冰是北极熊的主要栖息地。随着冰逐渐移动到大陆架以外的深水区，更多的熊留在陆地上寻找食物。)”可知，全球变暖加速了海冰融化，破坏了北极熊原本的栖息地，越来越多的北极熊待在陆地上以寻找食物。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. ”(更多的熊似乎待在陆地上，研究人员开始注意到更多的雌熊在陆地上的雪地里而不是在冰上安家来抚养它们的孩子。)和“As more attention was given to the plight (困境)of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.( 大约十年前，人们对北极熊的困境给予了更多的关注，更多的游客开始前往Kaktovik。)”可知，随着越来越多的北极熊出现在陆地上，研究人员、生物学家等也越来越多地关注北极熊所处的这一困境，随后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，大众对更多北极熊登陆现象表示关注。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Most tourists visit in the fall(大多数游客在秋天参观)”及“Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels.( 许多游客会在村里呆上几天，村里有两家小旅馆。)”可知，大多数游客会选择在秋季去Kaktovik游览，而且很多游客会在这个小村庄待上几天，而这个小村庄只有两个小旅馆，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅馆很抢手。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章可知，并根据第一段“A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent year's as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.( 近年来，由于北极熊待在陆地上的时间比待在北极海冰上的时间更长，阿拉斯加的一个小村庄迎来了一波旅游业热潮。)和第二段描述可知，因为全球气候变暖，北极熊被迫登陆来寻找食物以生存下去，这本来是北极熊的困境，然而北极熊登陆却促进了一个小村庄旅游业的发展，这对小村庄来说是一个机遇。再结合最后一段的“The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.”(村名们从旅游业中受益匪浅。反过来，他们用旅游业得来的财政支持为北极熊提供更有效的保护)可推知，D项Every coin has two sides. “事物都有两面性”可以描述本文讲述的情况 。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature. It's a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go dark”. ____16____
It's true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.____17____On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature.
But on another level, a large number of people’s acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies. ____18____ They begin considering green issues when big decisions.
The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is “60+” .The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. ____19____ In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.
____20____ Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原声的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight. Tree-planting sessions, group walks and runs are also among the options.
A. But this is only the beginning.
B. Earth Hour represents every hour of every day.
C. After all, everyone has to answer for what they have done.
D. Besides turning off the lights, people get involved in other events.
E. It pushes them to take urgent measures by making changes to policies.
F. That is, they switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time for one hour.
G. The plus invites people to continue their action even after Earth Hour is finished.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由世界自然基金会组织的“地球一小时”活动，督促人们重视环境保护。
【16题详解】
上文“On this evening, people ‘go dark’.(在这个晚上，人们‘走向黑暗’。)”说明活动中，这个晚上人们“走向黑暗”，选项F“也就是说，他们在同一时间关掉所有不必要的灯一个小时。”是对上文的具体解释，选项中switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time和上文中dark语义相关，通顺合理。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“It’s true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.(的确，关灯一小时只节省少量的电力。)”说明关灯一个小时看似作用不大，选项A“但这只是开始。”承接上文，转折语义，说明这只是个开始，引出下文阐述关灯一个小时所带来的益处，以及更深层的做法和意义。故选A项。
18题详解】
上文“But on another level, a large number of people’s acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies.(但在另一个层面上，大量民众的共同行动向政府和企业发出了强有力的信息。)”说明民众已向政府和企业发出强烈信息，选项E“促使他们通过改变政策采取紧急措施。”承接上文，说明民众发出强烈信息的作用，促使政府改变政策采取措施，引出下文“They begin considering green issues when big decisions.(他们在做重大决定时就开始考虑环保问题。)”对选项进一步解释。选项中与上下文语义相关，通顺合理。故选E项。
【19题详解】
上文“The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is ‘60+’ .The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. (‘地球一小时’的标志是‘60+’，数字60代表‘地球一小时’的60分钟。)”说明“地球一小时”的标志是“60+”，选项G“这个“加号”邀请人们在地球一小时结束后继续他们的行动。”是对上文“60+”的解释，引出下文“In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.(事实上，参与“地球一小时”活动的人们说，参与这一活动让他们想为环境做更多的事情。)”具体进一步说明人们在地球一个小时活动后想做更多的有关环保事情。选项中The plus和上文中+号语义一致，选项和上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选G项。
【20题详解】
下文“Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原声的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight.(音乐家们举行音乐会的方式是使用原声乐器而不是电子乐器，使用蜡烛而不是电灯。名厨为家庭制作了特别的食谱，让他们在烛光下享用。)”说明本段主要讲述除了关灯，人们做的其他节约能源的事情，选项D“除了关灯，人们参与其他活动。”位于段首，概括点明本段主题，说明本段讲述内容是除了关灯以外的其他活动。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of labor along with my father. Our family was too ____21____ to afford paid laborers. Working in the rice fields was no easy job, especially in summer. The ____22____ sun would beat upon my arched back. With only a hat, a shirt and a pair of shorts as my ____23____, I would be sweating like a pig within seconds.
One day, while resting beside the field, I ____24____ my present life: My family was tied to land, doing ____25____ jobs every day. How could we and farmers like us have ____26____ to a better life? Thinking of this, I was suddenly ____27____ with great pity and great respect for them, and the focus of my ____28____ began to extend beyond myself and my family. A voice inside me ____29____ that I should do something to help that. It was right then that I _____30_____ to pursue useful knowledge and technology to _____31_____ their burden of labour. This undeniable (不可否定的) _____32_____ pushed me hard to go to a university on a scholarship and _____33_____ earn a degree on agriculture.
Although now I went into academic research, I would always _____34_____ what working in the rice fields had taught me: Your hard work will be _____35_____ if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth.
21. A. desperate B. wise C. poor D. proud
22. A. blinding B. amazing C. rising D. burning
23. A. preference B. protection C. purchase D. priority
24. A. puzzled over B. worried about C. believed in D. complained about
25. A. high-paying B. heart-breaking C. back-breaking D. risk-taking
26. A. reactions B. contributions C. access D. addiction
27. A. consumed B. provided C. confused D. troubled
28. A. career B. schedule C. interest D. concern
29. A. protested B. insisted C. warned D. predicted
30. A. attempted B. promised C. resolved D. agreed
31. A. lighten B. quicken C. distribute D. shoulder
32. A. curiosity B. outcome C. fact D. urge
33. A. immediately B. ultimately C. definitely D. rarely
34. A. treasure B. doubt C. adopt D. ignore
35. A. facilitated B. relieved C. challenged D. rewarded
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了作者少时在农田里帮助家人出劳力工作，十分辛苦。这样的情境下，他思考人生，甚至对农民的生活有了担忧，于是下定决心要学习知识和技术以减轻他们的负担。终于如愿地大学毕业，获得农业学位，进行农业方面的研究。但是，少时田地里的经历时刻铭记心中：脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们家太穷了，负担不起雇人。A. desperate绝望的；B. wise聪明的，明智的；C. poor贫穷的；D. proud骄傲的，自豪的。根据前文“From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of labor along with my father.(从八岁起，我就得和父亲一起做劳力。)”可推知，作者年少时家中贫穷。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：灼热的太阳会照在我拱着的背上。A. blinding刺眼的，雪亮的；B. amazing震惊的；C. rising提高的，增加的；D. burning燃烧的，炙热的。根据前文“especially in summer(特别是在夏天)”可知，夏季的烈日刺痛了作者的后背。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有一顶帽子、一件衬衫和一条短裤作为保护，我几秒钟内就会汗流浃背。A. preference喜欢，偏爱；B. protection保护；C. purchase购买，采购；D. priority优先，最重要的事情。根据前文“With only a hat, a shirt and a pair of shorts(只有一顶帽子，一件衬衫和一条短裤)”可知，这些是炎炎夏日里，作者的防护。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，当我在田边休息时，我对我现在的生活陷入思考：我的家人被束缚在土地上，每天做着累人的工作。A. puzzled over苦苦思索；B. worried about担心，担忧；C. believed in相信；D. complained about抱怨。根据后文“My family was tied to land…(我的家庭被束缚在土地上)”分析可知，后文是作者对生活的思考。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我在田边休息时，我对我现在的生活陷入思考：我的家人被束缚在土地上，每天做着累人的工作。A. high-paying高薪的；B. heart-breaking令人心碎的，让人心疼的；C. back-breaking使人筋疲力尽的；D. risk-taking冒险的。根据前文“Working in the rice fields was no easy job(在稻田里干活可不是件容易的事)”可知，农田里的生活不容易，让人筋疲力尽。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们和像我们这样的农民怎样才能有机会过上更好的生活? A. reactions反应；B. contributions贡献，捐款；C. access获得的机会，使用权，入口；D. addiction上瘾。分析可知，“have access to…”，固定短语，意为“有……的机会”，用在句子中表达“有过上更好的生活的机会”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到这些，我突然对他们充满了怜悯和尊敬，我关心的焦点开始超越我自己和我的家人。A. consumed消耗，使充满（强烈的感情）；B. provided提供；C. confused使困惑；D. troubled使苦恼，麻烦。分析语境可知，“great pity and great respect for them(对他们极大的同情和尊敬)”是作者当时思考人生时而出现的强烈的感情。“be consumed with…”，可意为“充满某种感情”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：想到这些，我突然对他们充满了怜悯和尊敬，我关心的焦点开始超越我自己和我的家人。 A. career事业；B. schedule日程，时间表；C. interest兴趣；D. concern担心，忧虑。分析语境“How could we and farmers like us have ___6___ to a better life?(我们和像我们这样的农民怎样才能有机会过上更好的生活?)”可知，这些都是作者对于农民生活的关注和担忧。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我内心的一个声音坚持要我做点什么来帮助他们。A. protested反对，抗议；B. insisted坚持；C. warned提醒，警告；D. predicted预言，预测。根据后文“that I should do something to help that(我应该做点什么来帮助他们)”可推知，作者内心的声音坚持认为自己应该有所作为。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是从那时起，我决定追求有用的知识和技术，以减轻他们的劳动负担。A. attempted努力，尝试；B. promised允诺；C. resolved解决，做出决定；D. agreed同意。分析语境“to pursue useful knowledge and technology to ____11 ____ their burden of labour(追求有用的知识和技术，减轻他们的劳动负担)”可知，这是作者思考之后决心要做的事情。“resolve to do”，意为“决心去做”。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是从那时起，我决定追求有用的知识和技术，以减轻他们的劳动负担。A. lighten减轻，使变亮；B. quicken加快，加速；C. distribute分发，分配；D. shoulder承担，担负。分析语境“to pursue useful knowledge and technology to…(追求有用的知识和技术)”可知，学习有用的知识和技术是为了减轻负担，让农民的工作不那么累。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种不可否认的冲动促使我以奖学金进入大学，并最终获得农业学位。A. curiosity好奇；B. outcome收入；C. fact事实；D. urge欲望，冲动。根据后文“pushed me hard to go to a university on a scholarship and ___13 ____ earn a degree on agriculture(促使我以奖学金进入大学，并最终获得农业学位)”可推知，应是一种强烈的欲望和冲动给了作者动力。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种不可否认的冲动促使我以奖学金进入大学，并最终获得农业学位。A. immediately立即，马上；B. ultimately最终，最后；C. definitely肯定，确实；D. rarely罕有，很少。根据后文“earn a degree on agriculture(获得农业学位)”可知，作者最后取得了农业学位。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在从事学术研究，但我会永远珍惜在稻田里工作的经历：脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。A. treasure珍爱，珍惜；B. doubt怀疑；C. adopt收养，采纳；D. ignore忽略，不理睬。根据后文“Your hard work will be ____15 ____ if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth.(脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。)”可推知，年少时耕耘的经验是需要珍惜的。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在从事学术研究，但我会永远珍惜在稻田里工作的经历：脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。A. facilitated促进，促使；B. relieved缓解，减轻；C. challenged挑战；D. rewarded奖励，回报。根据后文“if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth(如果你脚踏实地，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理)”可推知，脚踏实地，终将苦尽甘来，得到回报。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Saturday, an activity to experience farming culture ____36____ (hold) in Temple of Agriculture in Beijing.
As ____37____ important ritual architectural complex near the central axis (中心轴) of Beijing, the temple used to be a place for emperors of the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) ____38____ (dynasty) to perform sacrifices in the hope for good harvests, and ____39____ (have) become a witness of China’s farming civilization.
____40____ (organize) by the Beijing Ancient Architecture Museum, the activity this time included a ceremony to start harvest, scholars’ ____41____ (introduce) of 24 solar terms and Temple of Agriculture, and an experience activity in ____42____ people were invited to reap crops with their own hands.
The activity aims to make more people understand the humanistic spirit of ____43____ (respect) and valuing agriculture, revering nature and seeking harmonious coexistence ____44____ human and nature, and feel the profoundness of traditional Chinese farming culture and the wisdom and hard work of the Chinese people.
The activity helps people ____45____ (well) understand traditional farming culture in China.
【答案】36. was held 37. an
38. dynasties
39. has 40. Organized
41. introductions
42. which 43. respecting
44. between
45. better
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了北京农庙举办活动，帮助人们更好地了解传统农耕文化。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：周六，一场体验农耕文化的活动在北京农庙举行。主语an activity后缺少谓语动词，活动和举办是被动关系，用被动语态，表示过去发生的动作用一般过去时。故填was held。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：作为北京中轴线附近的一个重要的仪式建筑群，该寺曾是明(1368-1644)和清(1644-1911)两朝皇帝祭祀的地方，希望获得好收成，并已成为中国农业文明的见证。complex是单数名词，前面填冠词，important是元音开头的形容词，用冠词an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为北京中轴线附近的一个重要的仪式建筑群，该寺曾是明(1368-1644)和清(1644-1911)两朝皇帝祭祀的地方，希望获得好收成，并已成为中国农业文明的见证。明清两个朝代，用名词复数。故填dynasties。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：作为北京中轴线附近的一个重要的仪式建筑群，该寺曾是明(1368-1644)和清(1644-1911)两朝皇帝祭祀的地方，希望获得好收成，并已成为中国农业文明的见证。表示现在之前发生的事情对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，主语是单数名词temple，谓语用has+过去分词。故填has。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此次活动由北京古建筑博物馆组织，活动内容包括开始收割仪式、学者介绍二十四节气和农庙，以及邀请人们亲自动手收割的体验活动。谓语动词是include，organize是非谓语动词，活动和组织是被动关系，用过去分词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Organized。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：此次活动由北京古建筑博物馆组织，活动内容包括开始收割仪式、学者介绍二十四节气和农庙，以及邀请人们亲自动手收割的体验活动。名词所有格后用名词，学者们的多种介绍，用名词复数。故填introductions。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此次活动由北京古建筑博物馆组织，活动内容包括开始收割仪式、学者介绍二十四节气和农庙，以及邀请人们亲自动手收割的体验活动。先行词是activity，介词后作宾语，用which引导定语从句。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：活动旨在让更多的人了解尊重和重视农业、敬畏自然、寻求人与自然和谐共处的人文精神，感受中国传统农耕文化的博大精深和中国人民的智慧与勤劳。介词后用动名词作宾语。故填respecting。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：活动旨在让更多的人了解尊重和重视农业、敬畏自然、寻求人与自然和谐共处的人文精神，感受中国传统农耕文化的博大精深和中国人民的智慧与勤劳。表示人类和自然之间的共处，用介词between。故填between。
45题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：这个活动帮助人们更好地了解中国的传统农耕文化。副词修饰动词作状语，表示更好了解，用well比较级better。故填better。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你准备参加学校下周即将举办的英语演讲比赛，讲述中国故事。请给你的英国笔友Tom写一封邮件请他给予指导，内容包括：
1.说明比赛要求；
2.请他提一些建议；
3.表示感谢。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
Next Thursday, all the students and teachers in our school will gather in the auditorium at 3 p.m. to enjoy a special activity--an English speech contest with the theme of “telling Chinese stories in English”. I am preparing to take part in it. Having known that you have a good knowledge of it, I am writing to ask you for some help.
Thank you very much for your time. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文为应用文。假定你是李华，你准备参加学校下周即将举办的英语演讲比赛，讲述中国故事。请给你的英国笔友Tom写一封邮件请他给予指导，内容包括：说明比赛要求；请他提一些建议；表示感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
集合：gather→assemble
主题：theme→topic
参加：take part in→participate in
对……有很好的了解：have a good knowledge of→know well
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Next Thursday, all the students and teachers in our school will gather in the auditorium at 3 p.m. to enjoy a special activity--an English speech contest with the theme of “telling Chinese stories in English”.
拓展句：Next Thursday, all the students and teachers in our school will gather in the auditorium at 3 p.m. to enjoy a special activity--an English speech contest whose theme is “telling Chinese stories in English”.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Next Thursday, all the students and teachers in our school will gather in the auditorium at 3 p.m. to enjoy a special activity--an English speech contest with the theme of “telling Chinese stories in English”.(运用了不定式作目的状语)
【高分句型2】 Having known that you have a good knowledge of it, I am writing to ask you for some help.(运用了非谓语动词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The other day, I was driving home, a little upset because I hated working at the weekend. On the way, I decided to grab some veggies in the nearby greengrocer's. Since there was still thin ice on the road, I took a glance at the rear mirror to make sure no pedestrians or vehicles came close, and slowly steered the wheel to the right. Then out of any of my expectancy my car bumped into an electric bike, giving out a harsh metallic clash. I collected myself and saw out of the window screen a teenager lean on one side of the bike, one foot off the ground.
All of a sudden, a familiar scene flashed across my mind.
When I was in high school, I had fun riding my bike along the country road on sweltering and boring afternoons during summer holidays. Sometimes I carried my little brother to the only grocery store in the neighborhood where we could buy our favorite ice cream. Once we had an argument about what to buy. Seeing him leave the store in a temper, I jumped on the bike and tried to talk him into going back. Suddenly, he gave me a push and I inclined towards the middle of the road when a motorbike came in my face. I fell on the ground before I could see anything clearly. Luckily, I didn't get hurt but still couldn’t rise to my feet. The motorist, a middle-aged man, ignoring his torn jeans, shed to check on me, “Are you okay? Your leg? Your foot?"
“I am all right, but..."I stared at him, terrified because I was sure he would ask for "big" sum of money for compensation. Instead, he just let me go despite his wife's protests. Guilty as I was, I was happy that I was spared. I was really grateful to the man for pardoning a silly kid who had made such a big mistake involuntarily.
注意：1,续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1
Seeing the same fright in the boy's eyes, I quickly got out of my car.
Paragraph 2
The boy offered to give me some money for the damage.
【答案】Paragraph 1
Seeing the same fright in the boy's eyes, I quickly got out of my car. “Are you okay? Your leg? Your foot?” I asked the same questions. The boy leaning on the bike shook his head nervously and spoke nothing. He just looked at me with his blue eyes wide open. I could see why. My car was badly damaged at the rear, which obviously would cost me lots of money to repair it. I just smiled and turned to check my car. Suddenly, the boy said something behind me.
Paragraph 2
The boy offered to give me some money for the damage. I turned around and looked at him in the eyes and smiled again. “No worries, kid,” I said, “It is not a big deal. I can handle it myself.” The boy was puzzled. “I experienced the same things when I was as your age and I was forgiven, so are you now. Just go home and be careful.” I explained to him. An obvious surprise flashed across his face but was quickly replaced by great relief. He got off his bike and bowed deeply, saying, “Thank you, sir.” I smiled again, knowing that: A seed of kindness and forgiveness was planted.
【解析】
【分析】本文讲述了作者在停车过程，车尾被一个男孩骑的自行车撞了，而且车受损严重。作者想到自己小时候曾有相似的经历并且得到了车主的原谅，于是作者也原谅这个男孩。作者的善举让男孩惊讶不已并在男孩心中播下了善良的种子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看到男孩同样惊恐的眼神，我赶紧下了车。”可知，第一段可描写下车后我看见什么，说了什么和做了什么。
②由第二段首句内容“那个男孩提出要给我一些赔偿损失的钱。”可知，第二段可描写我如何拒绝男孩的赔偿并解释原因。
2.续写线索：询问——查看情况——提出赔偿——选择原谅——解释原因
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.主动提出：offer/propose/suggest
②.转身：turned around/turn to leave
③.闪现：flashed across
情绪类
①.疑惑：puzzled /confused/bewildered
【点睛】[高分句型1]. He just looked at me with his blue eyes wide open.（with复合结构）
[高分句型2]. My car was badly damaged at the rear, which obviously would cost me lots of money to repair it.（由which引导的定语从句）
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