高考英语一轮复习小题强化练习专题03形容词和副词（含解析）

这是一份高考英语一轮复习小题强化练习专题03形容词和副词（含解析），共13页。试卷主要包含了 useful 2， Glbally 30， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题03 形容词和副词
限时：（ 35分钟）

（基础题）
单句语法填空
1. Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something __________(use).
2. The sweep of the land and the stoicism（坚忍）of the people move her to some __________(beauty) writing.
3. They could do __________(precise) the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
4. The more __________(regular) they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved.
5. It is calculated that European railways alone spend __________(approximate) 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.
6. That can be __________(danger) work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
7. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run __________(autonomous).
8. However, data of the first six months showed it would make __________(little) than half this amount.
9. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing __________(few) than 1m litres per year.
10. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved __________(skill) at tool use while kept in the cage.
11. From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was __________(amaze).
12. The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the __________(big) things that hit home to Ginni.
13. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a __________(culture) diverse population.
14. Andrew Reynolds, a __________(cheer) fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.
15. Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are __________(increasing) rare.
16. __________(addition), from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
17. Even __________(bad), I had unthinkingly bought way too much
18. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into __________(health) meals.
19. I’m enjoying the __________(create) activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.
20. There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given __________(finance) support to roll it out countrywide.
21. The set of speech sounds we use has not __________(necessary) remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and __________(culture) evolution.
22. __________(lucky), I was able to catch them and put them back.
23. When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an __________(astonish) variety of wildlife.
24. __________(unfortunate), it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.
25. Many people now misunderstand __________(emotion) intelligence as almost everything __________(desire) in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.
26. The ability to __________(accurate) understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.
27. He left after seven months, __________(physical) broken and having lost his mind.
28. The tests show that the __________(society) environment is __________(extreme) influential when we’re making decisions.
29. __________(globe), a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
30. These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a __________(comfort) seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower.
31. Plastic straws are by no means the __________(big) source (来源)of plastic pollution, but they’ve __________(recent) come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.
32. __________(annoy) by the level of distraction(干扰)in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street —so I can focus.
33. It’s true, the __________(old) I get, the more I feel time has wings.
34. The __________(long) track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles __________(long) than the marathon.
35. The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of __________(science) research.

Key: 1. useful 2. beautiful 3. precisely 4. regularly 5. approximately 6. dangerous 7.autonomously 8. less 9. fewer 10. skilful/skillful 11. amazing 12. biggest 13. cultural 14. cheerful 15. increasingly 16. Additionally 17. worse 18. healthy 19. creative 20. financial 21. necessarily 22. Luckily 23. astonishing
24. Unfortunately 25. emotional; desirable 26. accurately 27. physically 28. society
29. Globally 30. comfortable 31. biggest;recently 32. Annoyed 33. older 34. longest;longer 35. scientific

（能力题）
1. As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the （large）tea-producing country, China has a （responsible）to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. （2022全国乙卷）
2. Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ______ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. （2022全国甲卷）
3. In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ______ (high) mountain. （2022全国甲卷）
4. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ______ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild. (2022新高考卷)
5. It will ________(undoubted) help you get refreshed!(2021新高考一卷)
6. The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ________ (hot) the spring! (2021新高考一卷)
7. Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ________(astonish).(2021新高考一卷)
8. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___ （wealth） people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. (2020新高考一卷)
9. Historical （accurate）is important but so is entertainment. (2020新高考一卷)
10. I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.(2021新高考II卷)
11. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop （education）computer programs for children in preschool.(2020新高考II卷)
12. Provide ________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.(2021全国一卷)
13. Landing on the moon’s far side is (extreme) challenging. (2020全国一卷)
14. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied.(2019全国一卷)
15. Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are (high) than they actually are. (2019全国一卷)
16. According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non-runners. (2018全国一卷)
17. Running is cheap,easy and it’s always (energy).(2018全国一卷)
18. Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. (2017全国一卷)
19. The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. (2016全国一卷)　
20. Her years of hard work have ___ ___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.(2019全国二卷)
21. A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. (2018全国二卷)
22. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total (globe) fertilizer consumption. (2018全国二卷)
23. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of __ (great) and less importance. (2016全国二卷)
24. Recent (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ___ (regular).(2016全国二卷)
25. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ___ ___ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.(2020全国三卷)
26. As the small boat moved ______ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. (2020全国三卷)
27. They also shared with us many ______(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ______ (huge)popular with tourists. (2021全国三卷)
Key: 1. largest;responsibility 2. meaningful 3. highest 4. eventually 5. undoubtedly 6. hotter 7. astonished 8. wealthy 9. accuracy 10. excited 11. educational 12. financial 13. extremely 14. poorly 15. higher 16. longer 17. energetic 18. worse 19. officially 20. finally 21. actually 22. global 23. greater 24. studies; regularly 25 finest 26. gently 27. traditional; hugely


（真题/新题）

模块综合练03（2022全国卷乙卷）
完形填空
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there's something highly exciting about 41 someone else's glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43 .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly "egocentric"（自我中心的）creatures. But our 45 research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn't. The same 50 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 51 children said that they couldn't 52 to her.
A number of 53 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 54 the questions and knew 55 what was asked of them. Their 56 to the questions reflected their true 57 that "I can see you only if you can see me, too." They simply 58 mutual（相互的）recognition and regard. Our 59 suggest when a child "hides" by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 60 when others use it.
41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. tum D. wave
53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
55. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 —— 儿童捉迷藏
【语篇导读】全世界的儿童都喜欢玩捉迷藏，但事实表明学前儿童不擅于躲藏。以往的研究将此现象归因于小孩子太过以自我为中心，而本文中的最新研究成果驳斥了这一观点，认为真正原因在于小孩子坚信与他人之间的“相互认可和关注”。
【段意梳理】
第一段：人们对儿童捉迷藏现象的普遍认知。
第二段：介绍儿童玩捉迷藏游戏时的奇怪现象。
第三段：最新研究与普遍认知向左。
第四段：最新研究实验过程。
第五段：最新研究结果：学前儿童不擅于躲藏，真正原因在于小孩子坚信与他人之间的“相互认可和关注”。
【答案及解析】
41. C 【解析】由上文 playing games of hide and seek玩捉迷藏游戏和下文making oneself unable to be seen的提示可知，此处指避开(escaping)别人的视线，让自己不被人看到。A. following跟随；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”。
42. B【解析】根据下文They often cover only their eyes with their hands,leaving the rest of their bodies.…和第三段首句中ineffective hiding method的提示可知，幼儿园小朋友很不擅长(bad)躲藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不擅长的；C. scared害怕的；D. quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。
43. A【解析】由前半句 Thev often cover only their eves with their hands可推断小朋友躲藏时只用手盖住他们自己的眼睛，身体其他部分还都暴露(exposed)在外，没有藏好。A. exposed无遮蔽的；B. examined已检查过的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。
44. D【解析】联系上下文可知，长久以来，儿童躲藏时只遮住自己眼睛的做法成了“儿童是极其以自我为中心的人”这一结论的证据。由本段最后一个词idea的提示也可推断，这只是人们的一种观点和理解方式，故interpreted符合语境。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。
45. C 【解析】本句中 But 提示语义转折，再联系第四段中 Surprisingly，children replied that they couldn’t.以及最后一段中得出的完全不同于以往观点的结论…it is not a result of egocentrism，可推断，此处的 research results是出人意料、令人惊讶的，故 surprising 符合语境。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. desired渴望的。
46. C 【解析】联系最后一段中 …it is not a result of egocentrism.可知，作者所在团队的研究成果与以往的传统观点大相径庭，contradicted在此表示“(陈述或证据)相抵触，相矛盾”，符合语境。A. explained解释；B. confirmed证实；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。
47. B【解析】由本段首句 We brought young children…及本空下一句中the chilo的提示可推断，此处跟成年人坐在一起的是受邀参加实验的每一位儿童(child)。A. parent父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研究员；D. doctor医生。
48. D【解析】由下一句中 …or hear the adult的提示可推断，此处指参加实验的成年人要捂住自己的眼睛或耳朵(ears)。A. feet脚；B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。
49.A【解析】由上一句中 an adult who covered herown eyes的提示可推断，此处要问受试儿童能否看到(see)那位成年人。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. reach到达；D. fool欺骗。
50.B 【解析】联系下文可知，研究人员继续让参与实验的成年人捂住了嘴，孩子们答复时依然给出了否定的答案，由此可推断，之后又发生了同样的事(thing)。注意:本题四个选项的词义相近，但各有其不同的适用语境，需注意辨析词义的差别。event意为“(尤指)重要事情，大事”，action 意为“行动”，accident意为“事故，意外”，三词均不符合语境。
51.B【解析】本句中的冒号有提示下文的作用，因此，冒号之后的内容应顺承前半句的逻辑，而非引起句意转折。由冒号前The same…happened…的提示及冒号后小孩子们做出的与之前一样的否定答复可推断，此处应填Now，用以说明本次的实验结果。A. Yet然而；B. Now此刻；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。
52.A【解析】由本句中冒号前 .….the adult covered her own mouth可推断，小孩子们这次是说他们不能与那个成年人讲话(speak)。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。
53.C 【解析】根据上文对受试儿童所做的多轮实验可推断，是大量的实验(experiments)排除了孩子们误解所提问问题的可能性。A. instructions命令；B. descriptions说明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假设。
54.A【解析】根据上一句…… ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked 可知，这些年幼的实验对象并没有误解所提问题，即他们能够理解(comprehend)被提问的问题。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。
55.D由本句冒号前的半句The results were clear…可推断，实验结果是清楚、确切的，受试儿童们完全(exactly)明白他们被提问到的问题。exactly在此有表示强调的意味。A. partly部分地；B. honestly诚实地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly确切地。
56.A【解析】由上文可知，受试儿童们被反复问及一系列问题，并对这些问题一-做出答复(responses)。A. responses回答；B. approaches方法；C. contribution贡献；D. sensitivity敏感性。
57.B【解析】本空后的that在此引导同位语从句，下文引号中的 … I can see you only if you can see me,too.是一种“看法”，而非“能力”“身份”或“目的，故 belief符合语境。A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpose目的。
58.C【解析】根据上文实验中受试儿童们一以贯之的相同答复可知，他们始终坚持(insist on)相信与他人之间的“相互认可和关注”。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist on坚持；D. make up弥补。
59. D 【解析】本段最后两句是实验结论，由此可推断，suggest前的空白处应填与实验结果相关的内容，findings 符合语境。A. limitations限制；B. requirements必要条件；C. theories理论；D. findings调查发现。
60. D【解析】按照本段所提及儿童的看法“只有当你也能看到我时，我才能看见你”，当别人把毯子蒙到头上时，对方是看不见自己的，因而自己也看不到对方，在这种情况下，躲藏就“成功”了。因此，在这些儿童看来，这种方法是有效的(effective)。另外，从文章第三段中的 this ineffective hiding method也可得到提示。A. tentative实验性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。
语法填空
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 62 festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 （address）the opening ceremony. "As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64 （large）tea-producing country, China has a 65 （responsible）to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 66 （share）future for mankind," he said.
The "First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative" issued（发布）at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 67 cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
68 （strengthen）the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 69 （invite）twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled（揭幕）at the ceremony, opening 70 （it）first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 —— 国际茶日
【语篇导读】 文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。
【段意梳理】
第一段：介绍国际茶日的具体时间。
第二段：中国文化促进会的主席在第一个国际茶日的致辞。
第三段：第一个国际茶日的倡议。
第四和五段：国际茶日所做出的宣传与推广。
61. by【解析】考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
62. the【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
63. addressed 【解析】考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。
64. largest【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
65. responsibility【解析】考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。
66. shared【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
67. and【解析】考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。
68. To strengthen【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
69. inviting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
70. its考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
短文改错
We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
体裁：议论文 主题：人与社会 —— 骑自行车的益处
【语篇导读】作者介绍了骑自行车这项运动可以带来的好处。
1.【答案】greatly → great
【解析】考查形容词。句意: 我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好运动。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
2.【答案】 lives → live
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：医生告诉我，寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。people是集合名词，谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。
3.【答案】在because后加of
【解析】考查介词。句意：也许是因为新鲜空气、流畅运动和锻炼的结合。because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because of表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。
4.【答案】Whether → If 或Whether → When
【解析】考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车时候你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。
5.【答案】they → you
【解析】考查代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称you可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。
6.【答案】cause → causing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。
7.【答案】去掉have后的been
【解析】考查语态。句意：看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。主语cars与动词take over之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。
8.【答案】what → which
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为which。
9.【答案】were → are
【解析】考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
10.【答案】bicycle → bicycles
【解析】考查名词。句意：如果用自行车代替汽车，我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。
【全篇译文】
我们都知道，骑自行车是一项很好的运动。一位医生告诉我，最长寿的人是舞蹈家和自行车手。也许这是因为新鲜空气、流畅的运动和锻炼的结合。当你骑自行车的时候，你不使用汽油。所以我们没有产生二氧化碳，也没有造成空气污染。只要看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。他们经常以高速运行，这可能会使我们的生命处于危险之中。而且还出现了交通堵塞。如果我们用自行车取代汽车，我们的城市将成为更好的地方。