(译林版)2020版高考英语一轮习第1部分：语言知识 必修3 Unit 3　能力提升题组训练（A）(含解析)

www.ks5u.comUnit 3　Back to the past

能力提升题组训练(A)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2018 Learning English 48期)

The Pantheon(万神殿)is one of the greatest achievements of the ancient Romans. The ancient Romans were good architects and they built numerous great buildings,many of which are still in good condition today.The Roman architectural style has been borrowed by many of the western countries.

The architecture of the Pantheon is unique.In Latin and Greek,pantheon means “Temple of all the Gods”.It is believed that a Roman general built the original Pantheon in 27 BC.It was built to celebrate the victory of a historic battle.The Pantheon was completely destroyed in a big fire in 80 AD.The Pantheon that we see today was actually reconstructed in 125 AD by a Roman emperor.Many historians think that the Pantheon was a place of worship(敬奉), because it housed all the gods and goddesses of ancient Romans.

The Pantheon is a splendid example of ancient Roman architecture.This building has been in use for over 2,000 years.The Pantheon is famous for its design,size and its huge dome.The most amazing feature of this building is its huge dome.The Pantheon dome was thought to be the largest in Italy,and even in the whole world.The doors are made of metal and are over 26 feet high.The doorway of the Pantheon is about 40 feet high and 20 feet wide.The columns,weighing 60 tons each,were made of the stones transported from Egypt.

A point worthy of mention is that the Greeks greatly influenced the Roman art and architecture.There is an oculus(圆窗) in the center of the dome known as the “Great Eye”,which opens to the sky.The “Great Eye” is the source of light and also serves as a ventilator (通风口).If snow or rain falls inside the Pantheon through the oculus,there are pipes that help draw off the water.

On special occasions,religious celebrations were held here.Under Papal rule,it was used as a burial ground for kings and other famous people,including painters who followed Christianity.There are tombs of Raphael,the painter(died in 1520),King Victor Emmanuel Ⅱ (died in 1878),and many more in the Pantheon.

1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A.There were numerous architectural styles in Rome.

B.The Pantheon is the only well-preserved ancient building in Rome.

C.The Pantheon is the oldest as well as the largest building in the world.

D.Roman architecture has had a great influence on many western countries.

2.The Pantheon was thought highly of especially because of its 　　　　. 

A.huge size B.heavy doors C.tall columns D.big dome

3.What is the passage mainly about?

A.Building styles in ancient Rome. B.How the Pantheon was built.

C.Some facts about the Pantheon. D.Ancient buildings in Rome.

语篇解读:本文是说明文,介绍了罗马的万神殿,它是意大利乃至整个欧洲建筑史上的杰作,我们可以通过它来了解古罗马的建筑风格。

答案及剖析:

1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段“The Roman architectural style has been borrowed by many of the western countries”可知,古罗马的建筑风格对西方许多国家都产生了很大的影响。

2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段“The Pantheon is famous for its design,size and its huge dome.The most amazing feature of this building is its huge dome...even in the whole world”可知,罗马万神殿因其巨大的穹顶而受到高度评价。

3.C　主旨大意题。本文从历史建筑风格和用途等方面对罗马万神殿作了介绍。

Ⅱ.七选五

Building Trust in a Relationship Again

Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.1.　　　 Trust is a risk.But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. 

Unfortunately,we’ve all been victims of betrayal.Whether we’ve been stolen from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.2.　　　It’s understandable,but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there. 

●3.　　　 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 

●4.　　　 If you’ve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives,we’ll have our trust tested or violated. 

●You didn’t lose “everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.5.　　　 Instead,it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. 

A.Learn to really trust yourself.

B.It is putting confidence in someone.

C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.

E.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.

F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了人们在遭受背叛和欺骗后如何重建信任。

答案及剖析:

1.B　第一句Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.(信任是我们从以往经历中获得的习得行为。)是对trust的解释。选项B中的it指代上文出现的trust,并且继续解释trust的含义:putting confidence in someone(对某人寄托信任),故选B项。注意:选项B与第一句为顺承关系。

2.E　选项E与上文能形成因果关系。They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.(他们曾经受过严重伤害,不能容忍这种事情再次发生。)是上一句Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.(有时候人们就是不能再信任别人。)的原因。并且与下一句It’s understandable...(这是可以理解的……)有顺承关系。

3.A　空格位于段首,根据文章结构分析,极有可能是祈使句。并且选项A.Learn to really trust yourself.(学会真正信任你自己。)与空格后的Having confidence in yourself形成同义复现。trust yourself相当于have confidence in yourself。

4.C　空格位于段首,根据文章结构分析,极有可能是祈使句。下文中If you’ve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.(如果你遭遇了背叛,那么你就成为客观环境的受害者。但是成为受害者与以“受害者的心态”活着是有区别的。)反复出现victim一词,而选项C中的关键词也为victim,形成原词复现。选项 C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.(不要把自己当作受害者。)起到总起本段的作用。

5.G　Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.(看到事情的积极方面并不意味着你对发生的事情视而不见。)与下一句Instead,it’s a healthy way...for positive...(相反,这是一个健康的方式……)形成转折关系。并且选项中的positive与下文的positive形成原词复现。

 Ⅲ.完形填空

(2018高考英语原创押题预测卷)

Recently,my friend,who is a physician,told me she wasn’t doing a “good enough” job being a parent and was missing out on her children’s lives.

I’ve learned that other physicians also believe the 　1　 of their profession will somehow adversely (不利地) affect their children’s 　2　. 

I tell my colleagues not to 　3　,and that one day their child will appreciate them for their life as a 　4　 child. 

I can say this 　5　 my mother was a palliative-care physician.Being the daughter of a palliative-care physician wasn’t 　  6　 :I came to understand mother’s absence,having to 　7　 her with others,and being 　8　 to human suffering and death were just 　9　 of my life.　10　,being the child of a physician had a 　11　 effect on my life.I learned love was sacrifice and you would get love and appreciation in return.If I could have my 　12　 over again,I wouldn’t change much. 

Sure,there were times when I wanted to 　13　 my mother’s pager(传呼机)out of the window,or 　14　 that she could have attended school events.But even as a child I knew what I was 　15　,and what she was sacrificing,were 　16　 worth it for the life that I got to lead.My mother’s work as a palliative-care physician provided me with experiences that enriched my life,teaching me 　17　 lessons,skills and the knowledge of kindness,sympathy and generosity. 

So,to anyone who is concerned about 　18　 a career with raising children,I offer you my reassurance.While there will be tough times,one day your child will 　19　 you for the experiences and the life they’ve had as a result of your 　20　. 

1.A.demands         B.standards    C.challenges   D.opportunities

2.A.intelligence B.schooling    C.future      D.growth

3.A.quit        B.mention    C.worry      D.hurry

4.A.doctor’s    B.teacher’s    C.mother’s  D.colleague’s

5.A.though        B.when    C.if         D.because

6.A.tough      B.correct    C.easy     D.normal

7.A.assist      B.share    C.compare D.substitute

8.A.familiar B.related    C.devoted D.exposed

9.A.motivation B.meaning    C.part     D.aim

10.A.However B.Besides    C.Somehow D.Therefore

11.A.negative B.passive    C.side     D.positive

12.A.occupation B.childhood    C.adult     D.education

13.A.keep     B.make       C.throw     D.take

14.A.wished     B.hoped      C.requested D.demanded

15.A.expecting B.imagining   C.doing     D.sacrificing

16.A.less than B.more than   C.other than D.rather than

17.A.special B.unforgettable  C.tough D.valuable

18.A.balancing B.combining     C.offering D.swapping

19.A.prepare B.thank         C.forgive D.praise

20.A.contribution B.devotion   C.career   D.care

语篇解读:本文是记叙文。作者通过讲述自己小时候的经历来安慰她那些做医生的同事们:虽然作为医生他们和孩子们在一起的时间少,但是父母的职业会给孩子带来积极的影响,让他们懂得了牺牲,懂得了同情和感恩。

答案及剖析:

1.A　根据上文可知,作医生的父母和孩子们在一起的时间少,由此可推断,此处指他们的职业需要会……故选A。

2.D　根据文章内容和末段中的a career with raising children 可以判断一些医生认为他们的职业需要对孩子的成长不利,故选D。

3.C　根据后句内容和下文作者对自己经历的介绍可知,作者安慰同事们不要担心,故选C。

4.A　由上下文可知此处应为医生的孩子,故选A。

5.D　后句表示作者这样说的原因,故选D。

6.C　从后句内容可知做一名医生的孩子很不容易,故选C。

7.B　由常识可知做医生的妈妈要陪护病人,由此判断作者指她要和别人去共享母亲,故   选B。

8.D　母亲是做医生的,所以作者不可避免地会接触到病人和死亡,故选D。

9.C　此处指以上那些都是作者生活的一部分,选C。

10.A　根据句子内容判断前后句是转折关系,选A。

11.D　根据后句内容可知,作者认为作为医生孩子的这个经历对自己的生活有积极的影响。

12.B　上文讲述的是自己童年时候的事情,而且也是用来向同事们证明父母做医生不会对孩子的成长有不好的影响。所以此处是说,如果自己的童年重来一次,自己也不会改变太多。故选B。

13.C　从下文内容判断,作者小时候也因妈妈不能陪伴自己而生气,会生气地想把传呼机扔到窗外。

14.A　根据空后宾语从句的动词形式可以判断此处是虚拟语气,wish 后所跟宾语从句中对过去的虚拟用could have done,故选A。

15.D　从上文内容以及后句中的sacrificing 判断,此处指作者做出的牺牲,故选D。

16.B　more than 可以修饰形容词,意思是“非常”,表示作者和母亲做出的牺牲是很值得的。less than “少于……”;rather than “而不是”;other than “除……外”,故选B。

17.D　从前面动词enriched 判断作者认为那些经历教给了作者很宝贵的东西。

18.A　从上文内容可知,作者的同事们认为医生这种职业影响了他们孩子的成长,所以此处指那些关心工作和孩子成长之间平衡的人,故选A。

19.B　根据上文内容以及第三段中that one day their child will appreciate them for their life as ... 可知选B。

20.C　由上文内容和前句中a career 判断,作者认为孩子们会感激他们做医生的父母给他们带来的经历和生活,故选C。