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人教版 (新课标)必修3&4Unit 2 Healthy eating优秀学案
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这是一份人教版 (新课标)必修3&4Unit 2 Healthy eating优秀学案，共9页。
精讲
年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：词汇拓展
balance n．天平；平衡；结余，余额
vt. 平衡；权衡
(教材P9)What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet
假如你的饮食不均衡会怎么样？
(1)keep one’s balance 保持平衡
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
(2)balance sth. against 权衡；斟酌；比较
(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持饮食平衡
①(2013·高考陕西卷·单词拼写)I’ve got a good sense of balance and learnt to ski quite quickly.
我有一个很好的平衡感，很快就学会了滑雪。
②You’d better keep_a_balanced_diet for the benefit of your health.
为了有益于身体健康你最好均衡饮食。
③(2014·高考辽宁卷·语法填空) Move slowly，then be sure to keep your balance and don’t let your body shake.
慢慢移动，确保平衡，并且不要让你的身体晃动。
④Before making the final decision，you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
在你做出决定之前应当权衡利弊。
熟词生义
I’d like to check the balance in my account please. (n. 差额，余款)
curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲
(教材P10)Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.
王鹏受到好奇心的驱使，走了进去。
(1)
(2)
(3)curiously adv. 好奇地；说来奇怪
①(牛津)The letter wasn’t addressed to me but I opened it out of curiosity. 那封信不是写给我的，然而我出于好奇把它拆开了。
②Children are curious about/ show curiosity about everything around them.
小孩对周围的所有事物感到好奇。
③He was curious to know what was happening in the office.
他想知道办公室里正在发生什么事情。
limit vt. 限制；限定 n．界限；限度
(2014·高考安徽卷·满分作文)Having realized that your time is limited，you will have to study for your goals without anger and hesitation.
意识到时间有限，你必须毫不犹豫毫无怨言地为目标而努力学习。
(1)limit. . . to. . . 把……限制在……内
(2)beyond the limit 超过限度
within the limits of 在……范围内
set a limit to sth. 对……规定限度
there is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/
无限的
(3)limited adj. 有限的
be limited to sth. 受限制于……
①To lose weight， he limits himself to three cups of milk and several fruits a day.
为了减肥，他限制自己一天只喝三杯牛奶，吃几个水果。
②Our life has a limit， but knowledge is without limit.
生命有限，知识无涯。
③I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom. 我认为教学不应该局限在教室里。
benefit vt. &vi. 有益于；有助于；受益
n. 好处，利益，优势
(教材P14)I don’t want to upset you，but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food. 我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我餐馆的食物的好处。
(1)benefit from/by. . . 从……受益，得益于……
benefit sb. 对某人有益
(2)be of (much，great) benefit to sb.
＝be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处
for the benefit of. . . 为了……的利益
①(2014·高考浙江卷·满分作文)As we all know，books are the ladder of human progress. I believe we can benefit a lot from reading books. 众所周知，书是人类进步的阶梯。我相信我们会从书中受益很多。
②(2014·高考浙江卷·满分作文)From my point of view，our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because they are of great benefit to/are beneficial to us.
就我个人看来，图书馆应该买一些流行的有关科学方面的书和文学书，因为它们对我们有益。
③I suggest you give up smoking for_the_benefit_of your health.
我建议为了身体健康你应该戒烟。
strength n. [U]力量，体力 [C]长处，强项
(2014·高考辽宁卷·语法填空)In real competition，a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. 在真正的比赛中，一位太极大师会借用对手的力量来打击对方。
(1)build up one’s strength增强实力
The strength of. . . is that. . .
……的优势是……
(2)strengthen vt. 加强，增强
①The strength of his diet is that it contains plenty of vitamin and fibre. 他的饮食的优势为其中含有丰富的维他命和纤维。
②To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses.
为了使队员在比赛中表现得更好，教练首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。
③Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build_up_one’s_strength，but also develop one’s character.
练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。
get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
(教材P10)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！
get across (使)被理解，(把……)讲清楚
get away (from)．. . (从)……脱离，逃脱……
get down to 开始认真地做某事
get over 爬过……；克服(困难)；
从……中恢复过来
get rid of 摆脱；除掉
get through 完成；花光(时间、钱等)；通过；接通电话
get (sb. )around/round说服；哄骗(某人)；流传
①The policeman can’t have the thief get away with stealing people’s money.
警察不能容忍小偷偷了人们的钱而跑掉。
②If we can get_over our present difficulties，then everything should be all right. 如果我们克服了目前的困难，那么一切都应该会好起来。
【活用】——用适当的介、副词填空
(1)Don’t try to cheat the taxman；you’ll never get away ________ it.
(2)Every now and then I like to spend a few days in the country to get away ________ the noise and pollution of London.
(3)Luckily，the gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get ________.
(4) Bill knows exactly how to get ________ his mother.
答案：(1)with (2)from (3)through
(4)around/round
cut down 削减；删节；砍倒；缩短
(教材P15)In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.
这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。
cut off 切掉，割断；中断
cut up 切碎；使悲伤
cut across 抄近路穿过
cut in 插嘴；超车抢道
cut out 剪下；删掉
①(2014·高考湖北卷·完成句子)The community college has to cut down on staff to save money.
为了省钱，那所社区学院只好裁员。
②The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes. 供水暂时已被切断，因为工人们正在维修其中一个主管道。
③She kept cutting_in on our conversation，which made us very angry.
我们谈话时她老是插嘴，这使我们非常生气。
【活用】——用适当的介、副词填空
(1)With the prices going up，we have to do whatever we can to cut ________ our family budget.
(2)The electricity company is threatening to cut us ________.
(3)Come on，if we cut ________ the field we’ll get there before Frank.
(4)Billy showed me the article he had cut________ of the magazine.
答案：(1)down (2)off (3)across (4)out
in debt 负债
(教材P14)He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。
(1)be in debt 欠债；负债(表状态)
be out of debt 还清债务(表状态)
(2)pay off the debts 还清债务(表动作)
get/run into debt 负债(表动作)
(3)be in one’s debt 欠某人的情
①He was in debt when he was poor，but he has been out of debt since he got rich.
他穷的时候欠了债，但自从富裕后就摆脱了债务。
②The couple worked hard day and night in order to pay_off_all_their_debts. 为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。
【活用】——用debt的相关词语完成下列小片段
Mike had a large family to support，so he worked hard day and night and managed to stay (1)____________. However，his father fell seriously ill suddenly and Mike(2)____________to save his father. When Mike felt helpless as he didn’t know how to (3)____________，Mr. White offered him a good job to help him，so Mike often said to Mr. White，“I will always remember your kindness and I’m forever (4)____________．”
答案：(1)out of debt (2)got/ran into debt
(3)pay off the debts (4)in your debt
(教材P10)Nothing could be better，. . .
再没有比这些更好吃的了，……
否定词与比较级连用，实际上表示的是最高级的含义。表示最高级含义的几种特殊结构：
(1)never＋比较级
(2)
(3)can/could＋never/not＋enough/too
①What an interesting novel！I have never read a more moving.
＝It’s the most moving novel that I have ever read.
多么有意思的小说！我从来没看过比这更动人的小说。
②It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody_was_happier_than_I_was.
直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。
③—Must I turn off the gas after cooking?
—Of course. You can never be too careful with that.
——做完饭后我必须关上煤气吗？
——当然。在用煤气方面越小心越好。
(教材P10)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！
句中have sb. doing sth. ，用于否定句中意为“允许某人做某事”。
have sb. /sth. doing让某人做某事/让某事发生(动作持续)(肯定句)
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sth. done 让别人做某事；完成某事；遭遇不幸的事
have sth. to do 有事情要做
①I can’t have_you_speaking_to your mother in a rude manner. You must apologize to her immediately.
我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。
②It is not a good idea to have the machine running all the time.
让机器不停地运转不是个好主意。
③The teacher had his students read English every morning for half an hour.
这位老师让他的学生每天早上读半个小时的英语。
④She fell off her bike and had_her_leg_broken.
她从自行车上摔了下来，摔断了腿。
⑤—Can you go to watch the football match with me tonight?
——今天晚上你和我一起去看足球赛好吗？
—Sorry，but I have an important meeting to_attend.
——对不起，我有个重要的会议要参加。
精练
年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：词汇应用 难度 较难
总题量：4 预估总时间:30 min
Ⅰ. 品句填词
A)根据句意及汉语提示，写出所缺单词。
1．If you want to keep fit，you must eat a healthy ____________(日常饮食)．
2．We should protect the wild animals to keep the ____________(平衡) of nature.
3．Some goods are on sale in the supermarket. I bought a watch at a 30% ____________(折扣)．
4．She usually ____________(结合)creative imagination with intelligence to create some wonders.
5．The teacher advised us not to ____________(查阅)the dictionary for every new word.
B)在句中空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
6．She ____________(lay) down her book and lay in bed，saying nothing.
7．I found that she was much ____________ (slim) than before.
8．His English was so ____________(limit)that he couldn’t even tell the foreign friend where he was from.
9．Don’t blame yourself too much. Everyone has his ____________(strength) and weaknesses.
10．____________(benefit) from the new policy，many people are living a happy life.
Ⅱ. 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
before long；win back；lose weight；earn one’s living；get away with；tell a lie；in debt；cut down
1．My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking，but at least he has ________________.
2．Gary has been ________________ since his factory closed half a year ago.
3．As a parent，if you often ________________，how can you expect your children to be honest?
4．The kids were playing in the mud and ________________ they were covered in it.
5．I don’t know how they manage to ________________ paying such low wages.
6．I spent an hour every day taking exercise in order to ________________.
7．After the scandal，he faces a hard struggle to ________________ public support before the next election.
8．She has been ________________ by teaching since she graduated from college.
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1．Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also ________ our thinking.
A．direct B．limit
C．change D．improve
2．China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________ all its citizens.
A．in charge of B．for the purpose of
C．in honor of D．for the benefit of
3．Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas，wind and other forms of alternative ________.
A．energy B．strength
C．power D．force
4．(2015·漳州六校联考)Everybody should be aware of his ________ and weakness so that we can work better as a team.
A．competence B．strength
C．power D．interest
5．(2015·孝感重点中学高三下学期联合调研)David who cheated in the exam last time was not punished，but this time I don’t know whether he will ________ it.
A．catch up with B．get away with
C．team up with D．fit in with
IV．完形填空
From my second grade on，there was one event I feared every year：the piano recital (独奏会). A recital 1 I had to practise a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I 2 ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this once”. And each year he'd shake his head，muttering (嘀咕) 3 about building self-confidence and working towards a 4 .
So it was with really great 5 that I stood in church one recent Sunday，video camera in hand，and 6 my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt 7 rising to play the piano in his very first recital.
My father had longed to play music since childhood，but his family was poor and couldn't
8 lessons. He could have gone on regretting it， 9 too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his past，he wasn't 10 there. When he retired three years ago，he 11 his church music director to take him as a student.
For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard，he 12 stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the 13 ?I worried，remembering those split seconds 14 ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would 15 . But then came the beautiful melody (旋律)，from the 16 fingers that once baited (装饵于) my fishing lines. And I 17 he had been doing what music teachers always stress： 18 the music and pretend the others aren't there.
“I'm 19 of him for starting something new at his age，”I said to my son Jeff.
“Yeah，and doing it so 20 ，”Jeff added.
With his first recital，my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.
1. A. reflected B. explained
C. meant D. proved
2. A. would B. could C. might D. should
3. A. nothing B. everything
C. anything D. something
4. A. goal B. stage
C. journey D. chance
5. A. trouble B. satisfaction
C. strength D. disappointment
6. A. kept B. sent
C. watched D. felt
7. A. through B. from
C. against D. before
8. A. miss B. afford
C. select D. understand
9. A. as B. once C. if D. while
10. A. educated B. protected
C. stuck D. spoilt
11. A. allowed B. invited
C. inspired D. persuaded
12. A. roughly B. simply
C. merrily D. curiously
13. A. words B. videos C. notes D. lessons
14. A. decades B. weeks
C. hours D. moments
15. A. play B. freeze C. click D. adjust
16. A. same B. warm
C. different D. dirty
17. A. predicted B. realised
C. imagined D. insisted
18. A. pass over B. turn up
C. bring in D. concentrate on
19. A. ashamed B. aware
C. tired D. proud
20. A. casually B. anxiously
C. nicely D. frequently
【参考答案】
Ⅰ. 品句填词
A)根据句意及汉语提示，写出所缺单词。
1．答案：diet
2．答案：balance
3答案：discount
4．答案：combines
5．答案：consult
B)在句中空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
6．答案：laid
7．答案：slimmer
8．答案：limited
9．答案：strengths
10．答案：Benefiting
Ⅱ. 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
1．答案：cut down
2．答案：in debt
3．答案：tell a lie
4．答案：before long
5．答案：get away with
6．答案：lose weight
7．答案：win back
8．答案：earning her living
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1．解析：选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们想成功，学识很重要，但是它们也可能会限制我们的思维。direct“指导；管理”；limit“限制”；change“改变”；improve“改善；改进”。
2．解析：选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了全体公民的利益，中国一直在推进公立医疗机构的改革。in charge of “负责，主管”；for the purpose of “为了……”；in honor of“向……表示敬意”；for the benefit of “为……的利益”。
3．解析：选A。句意：许多国家正增加天然气、风和其他可替代能源的利用。energy“能源；精力”；strength“力气；力量”；power“权力；力量”；force“力；力量”。
4．解析：选B。考查名词辨析。句意：每个人都应该清楚他的优点和弱点，这样我们才能作为一个团队更好地工作。strength“优点，长处”，在句中与“weakness”并列。competence“能力，胜任”；power“影响力”；interest“兴趣”。
5．解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：David上次考试作弊未受惩罚，但这次我不知道他是否会被放过。get away with“做(坏事)而未受惩罚”，符合句意。catch up with“赶上”；team up wtih“合作”；fit in with“适应，(与……)合得来”。
IV．完形填空
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。小时候，父亲经常让“我”参加钢琴独奏会，而“我”总是不情愿。父亲退休以后，开始学习弹奏钢琴。年迈的父亲能学会吗？让我们赶快来读文章，看看结果如何吧！
1. C 联系空后的I had to practise a boring piece of music and. . . 我们知道，此处指“参加钢琴独奏会对我来说就意味着(mean)我得练习一首单调的曲子……”。reflect思考，反映，反射；explain解释；prove证明，证实。
2. A 联系空格前的Each year以及文章第一句中的From my second grade on可知，作者在小时候每年总是(would) 问父亲自己是否可以“就这一次”不参加独奏会。would可用来表示过去的习惯。
3. D 联系空格后的about building self-confidence and working towards a. . . 可知，父亲为了劝说“我”参加钢琴独奏会，嘀咕一些关于树立自信心，朝着……努力的事(something)。
4. A 联系空格前的working towards可知是朝着某个目标(goal)努力。
5. B 前文说作者不想参加独奏会时，父亲鼓励作者，此时68岁的父亲也要参加钢琴独奏会，因此作者带着很大的满足感(satisfaction)想看看年迈的父亲能否演奏成功。trouble麻烦，问题；strength力气，力量；disappointment失望，扫兴。此题易错选D，因为本段的内容发生转变，如果我们还沉浸在作者小时候的场景，就很容易错选D项disappointment。
6. C 联系空格前的video camera in hand可知，作者在拿着摄像机给父亲录像，因此是看着(watch)父亲。
7. D 联系后文父亲坐着可知，他还没开始弹奏钢琴，因此是在父亲弹奏钢琴之前(before)“我”看着他。
8. B 联系空格前的poor可知父亲家付不起(afford) 学钢琴的费用。
9. A 正像(as)我们许多人做的那样，父亲本来可以继续对小时候没学钢琴这件事感到遗憾。
10. C 联系空格后的“当3年前退休时，父亲让教堂的音乐指挥收他做学生”可知，父亲没陷(stick)在遗憾中，而是行动了起来。educate教育；protect保护；spoil娇惯，宠坏。
11. D 联系父亲参加钢琴独奏会可知，他说服(persuade)了教堂的音乐指挥收他做学生。allow允许，容许；invite邀请；inspire鼓舞，激励。
12. B 联系空格后的stared down at his fingers可知，父亲没弹钢琴，只是(simply)低着头盯着他的手指。roughly粗略地，大致上；merrily快乐地，高兴地；curiously好奇地。
13. C 联系前文父亲只是低着头盯着他的手指可知，“我”担心他忘了音符(note)。
14. A 联系空格前的remembering以及最后一段中的those 30-plus years ago可知，作者是想起了几十年(decades)前自己在独奏会上紧张的情景。
15. B 联系空格前的my mind would go blank可知，是手指僵住(freeze)。
16. A 此处句意为“但就在此时，父亲用曾为我的钓鱼线装过饵的同样的(same)手指弹奏出了美妙的旋律”。
17. B 联系前文的then came the beautiful melody可知，“我”意识到(realise)父亲并没有忘记音符，他只是一直在做音乐老师强调的事。
18. D 联系空格后的pretend the others aren't there可知，空格处是说父亲集中注意力于(concentrate on)音乐。pass over避免提及(或考虑)；turn up出现；bring in引入，采用。
19. D 联系前文的then came the beautiful melody以及最后一段中的“. . . taught me more about courage and determination. . . ”可知，听到68岁的父亲弹奏出那么美妙的音乐，“我”为他自豪(proud)，而不是“羞耻(ashamed)”和“意识到(aware)”，也不是“厌倦的(tired)”。
20. C 联系前文的“我”为父亲自豪，以及空格前的Yeah可知，“我”儿子也在表扬我父亲弹奏得好(nicely)。casually偶然地，无意地；anxiously焦急地，担忧地；frequently经常地，频繁地。
精讲
年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：词汇拓展
balance n．天平；平衡；结余，余额
vt. 平衡；权衡
(教材P9)What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet
假如你的饮食不均衡会怎么样？
(1)keep one’s balance 保持平衡
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
(2)balance sth. against 权衡；斟酌；比较
(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持饮食平衡
①(2013·高考陕西卷·单词拼写)I’ve got a good sense of balance and learnt to ski quite quickly.
我有一个很好的平衡感，很快就学会了滑雪。
②You’d better keep_a_balanced_diet for the benefit of your health.
为了有益于身体健康你最好均衡饮食。
③(2014·高考辽宁卷·语法填空) Move slowly，then be sure to keep your balance and don’t let your body shake.
慢慢移动，确保平衡，并且不要让你的身体晃动。
④Before making the final decision，you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
在你做出决定之前应当权衡利弊。
熟词生义
I’d like to check the balance in my account please. (n. 差额，余款)
curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲
(教材P10)Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.
王鹏受到好奇心的驱使，走了进去。
(1)
(2)
(3)curiously adv. 好奇地；说来奇怪
①(牛津)The letter wasn’t addressed to me but I opened it out of curiosity. 那封信不是写给我的，然而我出于好奇把它拆开了。
②Children are curious about/ show curiosity about everything around them.
小孩对周围的所有事物感到好奇。
③He was curious to know what was happening in the office.
他想知道办公室里正在发生什么事情。
limit vt. 限制；限定 n．界限；限度
(2014·高考安徽卷·满分作文)Having realized that your time is limited，you will have to study for your goals without anger and hesitation.
意识到时间有限，你必须毫不犹豫毫无怨言地为目标而努力学习。
(1)limit. . . to. . . 把……限制在……内
(2)beyond the limit 超过限度
within the limits of 在……范围内
set a limit to sth. 对……规定限度
there is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/
无限的
(3)limited adj. 有限的
be limited to sth. 受限制于……
①To lose weight， he limits himself to three cups of milk and several fruits a day.
为了减肥，他限制自己一天只喝三杯牛奶，吃几个水果。
②Our life has a limit， but knowledge is without limit.
生命有限，知识无涯。
③I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom. 我认为教学不应该局限在教室里。
benefit vt. &vi. 有益于；有助于；受益
n. 好处，利益，优势
(教材P14)I don’t want to upset you，but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food. 我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我餐馆的食物的好处。
(1)benefit from/by. . . 从……受益，得益于……
benefit sb. 对某人有益
(2)be of (much，great) benefit to sb.
＝be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处
for the benefit of. . . 为了……的利益
①(2014·高考浙江卷·满分作文)As we all know，books are the ladder of human progress. I believe we can benefit a lot from reading books. 众所周知，书是人类进步的阶梯。我相信我们会从书中受益很多。
②(2014·高考浙江卷·满分作文)From my point of view，our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because they are of great benefit to/are beneficial to us.
就我个人看来，图书馆应该买一些流行的有关科学方面的书和文学书，因为它们对我们有益。
③I suggest you give up smoking for_the_benefit_of your health.
我建议为了身体健康你应该戒烟。
strength n. [U]力量，体力 [C]长处，强项
(2014·高考辽宁卷·语法填空)In real competition，a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. 在真正的比赛中，一位太极大师会借用对手的力量来打击对方。
(1)build up one’s strength增强实力
The strength of. . . is that. . .
……的优势是……
(2)strengthen vt. 加强，增强
①The strength of his diet is that it contains plenty of vitamin and fibre. 他的饮食的优势为其中含有丰富的维他命和纤维。
②To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses.
为了使队员在比赛中表现得更好，教练首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。
③Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build_up_one’s_strength，but also develop one’s character.
练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。
get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚
(教材P10)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！
get across (使)被理解，(把……)讲清楚
get away (from)．. . (从)……脱离，逃脱……
get down to 开始认真地做某事
get over 爬过……；克服(困难)；
从……中恢复过来
get rid of 摆脱；除掉
get through 完成；花光(时间、钱等)；通过；接通电话
get (sb. )around/round说服；哄骗(某人)；流传
①The policeman can’t have the thief get away with stealing people’s money.
警察不能容忍小偷偷了人们的钱而跑掉。
②If we can get_over our present difficulties，then everything should be all right. 如果我们克服了目前的困难，那么一切都应该会好起来。
【活用】——用适当的介、副词填空
(1)Don’t try to cheat the taxman；you’ll never get away ________ it.
(2)Every now and then I like to spend a few days in the country to get away ________ the noise and pollution of London.
(3)Luckily，the gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get ________.
(4) Bill knows exactly how to get ________ his mother.
答案：(1)with (2)from (3)through
(4)around/round
cut down 削减；删节；砍倒；缩短
(教材P15)In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.
这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。
cut off 切掉，割断；中断
cut up 切碎；使悲伤
cut across 抄近路穿过
cut in 插嘴；超车抢道
cut out 剪下；删掉
①(2014·高考湖北卷·完成句子)The community college has to cut down on staff to save money.
为了省钱，那所社区学院只好裁员。
②The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes. 供水暂时已被切断，因为工人们正在维修其中一个主管道。
③She kept cutting_in on our conversation，which made us very angry.
我们谈话时她老是插嘴，这使我们非常生气。
【活用】——用适当的介、副词填空
(1)With the prices going up，we have to do whatever we can to cut ________ our family budget.
(2)The electricity company is threatening to cut us ________.
(3)Come on，if we cut ________ the field we’ll get there before Frank.
(4)Billy showed me the article he had cut________ of the magazine.
答案：(1)down (2)off (3)across (4)out
in debt 负债
(教材P14)He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。
(1)be in debt 欠债；负债(表状态)
be out of debt 还清债务(表状态)
(2)pay off the debts 还清债务(表动作)
get/run into debt 负债(表动作)
(3)be in one’s debt 欠某人的情
①He was in debt when he was poor，but he has been out of debt since he got rich.
他穷的时候欠了债，但自从富裕后就摆脱了债务。
②The couple worked hard day and night in order to pay_off_all_their_debts. 为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。
【活用】——用debt的相关词语完成下列小片段
Mike had a large family to support，so he worked hard day and night and managed to stay (1)____________. However，his father fell seriously ill suddenly and Mike(2)____________to save his father. When Mike felt helpless as he didn’t know how to (3)____________，Mr. White offered him a good job to help him，so Mike often said to Mr. White，“I will always remember your kindness and I’m forever (4)____________．”
答案：(1)out of debt (2)got/ran into debt
(3)pay off the debts (4)in your debt
(教材P10)Nothing could be better，. . .
再没有比这些更好吃的了，……
否定词与比较级连用，实际上表示的是最高级的含义。表示最高级含义的几种特殊结构：
(1)never＋比较级
(2)
(3)can/could＋never/not＋enough/too
①What an interesting novel！I have never read a more moving.
＝It’s the most moving novel that I have ever read.
多么有意思的小说！我从来没看过比这更动人的小说。
②It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody_was_happier_than_I_was.
直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。
③—Must I turn off the gas after cooking?
—Of course. You can never be too careful with that.
——做完饭后我必须关上煤气吗？
——当然。在用煤气方面越小心越好。
(教材P10)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！
句中have sb. doing sth. ，用于否定句中意为“允许某人做某事”。
have sb. /sth. doing让某人做某事/让某事发生(动作持续)(肯定句)
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sth. done 让别人做某事；完成某事；遭遇不幸的事
have sth. to do 有事情要做
①I can’t have_you_speaking_to your mother in a rude manner. You must apologize to her immediately.
我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。
②It is not a good idea to have the machine running all the time.
让机器不停地运转不是个好主意。
③The teacher had his students read English every morning for half an hour.
这位老师让他的学生每天早上读半个小时的英语。
④She fell off her bike and had_her_leg_broken.
她从自行车上摔了下来，摔断了腿。
⑤—Can you go to watch the football match with me tonight?
——今天晚上你和我一起去看足球赛好吗？
—Sorry，but I have an important meeting to_attend.
——对不起，我有个重要的会议要参加。
精练
年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：词汇应用 难度 较难
总题量：4 预估总时间:30 min
Ⅰ. 品句填词
A)根据句意及汉语提示，写出所缺单词。
1．If you want to keep fit，you must eat a healthy ____________(日常饮食)．
2．We should protect the wild animals to keep the ____________(平衡) of nature.
3．Some goods are on sale in the supermarket. I bought a watch at a 30% ____________(折扣)．
4．She usually ____________(结合)creative imagination with intelligence to create some wonders.
5．The teacher advised us not to ____________(查阅)the dictionary for every new word.
B)在句中空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
6．She ____________(lay) down her book and lay in bed，saying nothing.
7．I found that she was much ____________ (slim) than before.
8．His English was so ____________(limit)that he couldn’t even tell the foreign friend where he was from.
9．Don’t blame yourself too much. Everyone has his ____________(strength) and weaknesses.
10．____________(benefit) from the new policy，many people are living a happy life.
Ⅱ. 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
before long；win back；lose weight；earn one’s living；get away with；tell a lie；in debt；cut down
1．My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking，but at least he has ________________.
2．Gary has been ________________ since his factory closed half a year ago.
3．As a parent，if you often ________________，how can you expect your children to be honest?
4．The kids were playing in the mud and ________________ they were covered in it.
5．I don’t know how they manage to ________________ paying such low wages.
6．I spent an hour every day taking exercise in order to ________________.
7．After the scandal，he faces a hard struggle to ________________ public support before the next election.
8．She has been ________________ by teaching since she graduated from college.
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1．Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also ________ our thinking.
A．direct B．limit
C．change D．improve
2．China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________ all its citizens.
A．in charge of B．for the purpose of
C．in honor of D．for the benefit of
3．Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas，wind and other forms of alternative ________.
A．energy B．strength
C．power D．force
4．(2015·漳州六校联考)Everybody should be aware of his ________ and weakness so that we can work better as a team.
A．competence B．strength
C．power D．interest
5．(2015·孝感重点中学高三下学期联合调研)David who cheated in the exam last time was not punished，but this time I don’t know whether he will ________ it.
A．catch up with B．get away with
C．team up with D．fit in with
IV．完形填空
From my second grade on，there was one event I feared every year：the piano recital (独奏会). A recital 1 I had to practise a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I 2 ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this once”. And each year he'd shake his head，muttering (嘀咕) 3 about building self-confidence and working towards a 4 .
So it was with really great 5 that I stood in church one recent Sunday，video camera in hand，and 6 my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt 7 rising to play the piano in his very first recital.
My father had longed to play music since childhood，but his family was poor and couldn't
8 lessons. He could have gone on regretting it， 9 too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his past，he wasn't 10 there. When he retired three years ago，he 11 his church music director to take him as a student.
For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard，he 12 stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the 13 ?I worried，remembering those split seconds 14 ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would 15 . But then came the beautiful melody (旋律)，from the 16 fingers that once baited (装饵于) my fishing lines. And I 17 he had been doing what music teachers always stress： 18 the music and pretend the others aren't there.
“I'm 19 of him for starting something new at his age，”I said to my son Jeff.
“Yeah，and doing it so 20 ，”Jeff added.
With his first recital，my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.
1. A. reflected B. explained
C. meant D. proved
2. A. would B. could C. might D. should
3. A. nothing B. everything
C. anything D. something
4. A. goal B. stage
C. journey D. chance
5. A. trouble B. satisfaction
C. strength D. disappointment
6. A. kept B. sent
C. watched D. felt
7. A. through B. from
C. against D. before
8. A. miss B. afford
C. select D. understand
9. A. as B. once C. if D. while
10. A. educated B. protected
C. stuck D. spoilt
11. A. allowed B. invited
C. inspired D. persuaded
12. A. roughly B. simply
C. merrily D. curiously
13. A. words B. videos C. notes D. lessons
14. A. decades B. weeks
C. hours D. moments
15. A. play B. freeze C. click D. adjust
16. A. same B. warm
C. different D. dirty
17. A. predicted B. realised
C. imagined D. insisted
18. A. pass over B. turn up
C. bring in D. concentrate on
19. A. ashamed B. aware
C. tired D. proud
20. A. casually B. anxiously
C. nicely D. frequently
【参考答案】
Ⅰ. 品句填词
A)根据句意及汉语提示，写出所缺单词。
1．答案：diet
2．答案：balance
3答案：discount
4．答案：combines
5．答案：consult
B)在句中空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
6．答案：laid
7．答案：slimmer
8．答案：limited
9．答案：strengths
10．答案：Benefiting
Ⅱ. 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
1．答案：cut down
2．答案：in debt
3．答案：tell a lie
4．答案：before long
5．答案：get away with
6．答案：lose weight
7．答案：win back
8．答案：earning her living
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1．解析：选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们想成功，学识很重要，但是它们也可能会限制我们的思维。direct“指导；管理”；limit“限制”；change“改变”；improve“改善；改进”。
2．解析：选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了全体公民的利益，中国一直在推进公立医疗机构的改革。in charge of “负责，主管”；for the purpose of “为了……”；in honor of“向……表示敬意”；for the benefit of “为……的利益”。
3．解析：选A。句意：许多国家正增加天然气、风和其他可替代能源的利用。energy“能源；精力”；strength“力气；力量”；power“权力；力量”；force“力；力量”。
4．解析：选B。考查名词辨析。句意：每个人都应该清楚他的优点和弱点，这样我们才能作为一个团队更好地工作。strength“优点，长处”，在句中与“weakness”并列。competence“能力，胜任”；power“影响力”；interest“兴趣”。
5．解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：David上次考试作弊未受惩罚，但这次我不知道他是否会被放过。get away with“做(坏事)而未受惩罚”，符合句意。catch up with“赶上”；team up wtih“合作”；fit in with“适应，(与……)合得来”。
IV．完形填空
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。小时候，父亲经常让“我”参加钢琴独奏会，而“我”总是不情愿。父亲退休以后，开始学习弹奏钢琴。年迈的父亲能学会吗？让我们赶快来读文章，看看结果如何吧！
1. C 联系空后的I had to practise a boring piece of music and. . . 我们知道，此处指“参加钢琴独奏会对我来说就意味着(mean)我得练习一首单调的曲子……”。reflect思考，反映，反射；explain解释；prove证明，证实。
2. A 联系空格前的Each year以及文章第一句中的From my second grade on可知，作者在小时候每年总是(would) 问父亲自己是否可以“就这一次”不参加独奏会。would可用来表示过去的习惯。
3. D 联系空格后的about building self-confidence and working towards a. . . 可知，父亲为了劝说“我”参加钢琴独奏会，嘀咕一些关于树立自信心，朝着……努力的事(something)。
4. A 联系空格前的working towards可知是朝着某个目标(goal)努力。
5. B 前文说作者不想参加独奏会时，父亲鼓励作者，此时68岁的父亲也要参加钢琴独奏会，因此作者带着很大的满足感(satisfaction)想看看年迈的父亲能否演奏成功。trouble麻烦，问题；strength力气，力量；disappointment失望，扫兴。此题易错选D，因为本段的内容发生转变，如果我们还沉浸在作者小时候的场景，就很容易错选D项disappointment。
6. C 联系空格前的video camera in hand可知，作者在拿着摄像机给父亲录像，因此是看着(watch)父亲。
7. D 联系后文父亲坐着可知，他还没开始弹奏钢琴，因此是在父亲弹奏钢琴之前(before)“我”看着他。
8. B 联系空格前的poor可知父亲家付不起(afford) 学钢琴的费用。
9. A 正像(as)我们许多人做的那样，父亲本来可以继续对小时候没学钢琴这件事感到遗憾。
10. C 联系空格后的“当3年前退休时，父亲让教堂的音乐指挥收他做学生”可知，父亲没陷(stick)在遗憾中，而是行动了起来。educate教育；protect保护；spoil娇惯，宠坏。
11. D 联系父亲参加钢琴独奏会可知，他说服(persuade)了教堂的音乐指挥收他做学生。allow允许，容许；invite邀请；inspire鼓舞，激励。
12. B 联系空格后的stared down at his fingers可知，父亲没弹钢琴，只是(simply)低着头盯着他的手指。roughly粗略地，大致上；merrily快乐地，高兴地；curiously好奇地。
13. C 联系前文父亲只是低着头盯着他的手指可知，“我”担心他忘了音符(note)。
14. A 联系空格前的remembering以及最后一段中的those 30-plus years ago可知，作者是想起了几十年(decades)前自己在独奏会上紧张的情景。
15. B 联系空格前的my mind would go blank可知，是手指僵住(freeze)。
16. A 此处句意为“但就在此时，父亲用曾为我的钓鱼线装过饵的同样的(same)手指弹奏出了美妙的旋律”。
17. B 联系前文的then came the beautiful melody可知，“我”意识到(realise)父亲并没有忘记音符，他只是一直在做音乐老师强调的事。
18. D 联系空格后的pretend the others aren't there可知，空格处是说父亲集中注意力于(concentrate on)音乐。pass over避免提及(或考虑)；turn up出现；bring in引入，采用。
19. D 联系前文的then came the beautiful melody以及最后一段中的“. . . taught me more about courage and determination. . . ”可知，听到68岁的父亲弹奏出那么美妙的音乐，“我”为他自豪(proud)，而不是“羞耻(ashamed)”和“意识到(aware)”，也不是“厌倦的(tired)”。
20. C 联系前文的“我”为父亲自豪，以及空格前的Yeah可知，“我”儿子也在表扬我父亲弹奏得好(nicely)。casually偶然地，无意地；anxiously焦急地，担忧地；frequently经常地，频繁地。
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