人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues优秀习题

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When a person first from his heart began to struggle, he is a man of value.当一个人先从自己的内心开始奋斗，他就是个有价值的人。
Reading and Thinking

目标导航


重点词汇
1．knob n．旋钮，球形把手
2．appliance n. 电器；器具
3．nevertheless adv. 然而；不过
4．sensor n. 传感器；敏感原件
5．mode n. 模式；方式；风格
6．monitor n. 班长；显示器；监视器v. 监视；检查
7．cancer n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤
8．potential adj. 可能的；潜在的n. 潜力；可能性
9．structure n. 结构；体系vt. 系统安排；精心组织
10．identify v. 确认；找到；显示
11．phrase n. 短语；词组
词汇拓展
1．distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n．远方；距离
2．automatic adj.自动的→automatically adv.自动地；无意识地
3．efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv.有效地→efficiency n．效率；功效
4．instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的→instantly adv.立即；马上
5．obey vi.& vt.服从；遵守→disobey v．不服从；不顺从
6．warning n．警告；警示；先兆→warn v．警告；告诫
7．constant adj.不断的；重复的；不变的 n．常数；常量→constantly adv.始终；重复不断地
8．abnormal adj.不正常的；反常的→normal adj.正常的
9．electrical adj.电的；用电的→electric adj.用电的；电动的；带电的→electricity n．电；电能→electrify vt.使电气化；使通电；使带电
10．wire n．电线；金属线 vt.接通电源；将……连接到→wiring n．电线线路；线路系统→wireless n．无线 adj.无线的
11．detect vt.发现；查明→detective n．侦探；警探
12．relevant adj.有关的；有意义的→irrelevant adj.无关紧要的；不相关的
13．fantasy n．幻想；想象→fantastic adj.极好的；了不起的；怪诞的；富于想象的
14．innovation n．创新，创造→innovative adj.创新的
15．security n．保护措施；安全工作→secure adj.安全的；安心的 vt.获得；拴牢
重点词组
1．In the future　在将来
2．Switch off/on 关/开(电灯、电器)
3．Happen to sb 遭到；遭遇
4．Lead to 导致；造成
5．Remote control 遥控器；遥控
6．An energy－efficient mode 节能模式
7．Daily routine 日常生活
8．Respond to 回复；对……作出反应
9．In addition 除此之外
10．Early on 在初期、早先
11．Provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物
12．Catch fire 着火
13．In this sense (in...sense) 从这种(某种)意义
14．Benefit from 从……中受益
15．Go sightseeing 去观光
重点句型
1．will be doing将来进行时
However，in the not-too-distant future，we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.
然而，在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，当我们不在时，它们会为我们锁门，当我们忘记时，它们会记得给我们关上电视。
2．the instant 引导时间状语从句
Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes，and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.
当你伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目进门时，电灯就会亮起来，而且你会发现晚餐已经为你准备好了。
3．what引导宾语从句
All controls will respond to voice commands，so if you want to change your routine，you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
所有的控制都会对语音指令做出反应，所以如果你想改变你的日常工作，你只要大声说出你想要的，家庭系统就会服从。
4．as well 也……
Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.智能马桶也会持续记录你的健康状况。
5．It takes (sb./sth.) some time to do sth.花费某人/某物多少时间做某事
Nevertheless，it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
然而，要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。



知识精讲

知识点01 原文呈现
SMART HOMES TO
MAKE LIFE EASIER
Have you ever forgotten① to lock the door of your house？Or，have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer？These kinds of things happen to us all the time，waste resources，and can sometimes lead to problems.However，in the not－too－distant② future，we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget【1】．These smart homes will keep us secure③，save us energy，and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
【1】这是一个复合句。主句使用了将来进行时，表示将来正在进行的动作。that引导的定语从句修饰先行词smart homes，该从句的主干为that will lock the door for us and remember to switch off the TV；定语从句中又包含两个由when引导的时间状语从句。
Intelligent Controls
Today，we have to use switches for our lights，knobs for our appliances，and remote controls④ for our TVs and air conditioners⑤.In the future，we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about⑥ everything in our home.The future home will use integrated⑦ sensors to tell when you leave home each morning，and then go into an energy－efficient mode⑧ all by itself.You will no longer⑨ have to think about turning switches on and off yourself.Your home will also learn your daily routine⑩ and preferences⑪，so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on⑫ the instant⑬ you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes，and you will find your dinner already prepared for you【2】．All controls will respond to voice commands⑭，so if you want to change your routine，you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey⑮.
【2】本句为and连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中，the instant you enter the door为the instant引导的时间状语从句，the instant表示“一……就……”。
Regular Health Checks
In addition⑯，your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day.Your bed，for example，will record how well you sleep every night.It will also be checking your body weight.If you start to have sleep or weight problems，it will send a warning⑰ to your phone.It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better.Smart toilets will be keeping constant⑱ track of⑲ your health as well.They can warn you early on⑳ if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness，such as cancer，and potentially save your life.
No More Disasters
Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents.For example，if a water pipe starts leaking，or if there is a short in the electrical wiring，your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information.This way，you will be able to fix the problem before your home becomes flooded or catches fire.
This smart technology is not a fantasy.Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.In this sense，the home of tomorrow is already the home of today.Nevertheless，it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
课文译文
智能房屋让
生活更简单
你忘记过锁你家的门吗？或者，你忘记过关闭电视或电脑吗？这些事情经常发生在我们身上，浪费资源，有时还会带来一些问题。然而，在不远的将来，我们将生活在智能房屋中，当我们不在(家)时，智能房屋会为我们锁上门，当我们忘记关掉电视时，智能房屋会记得关掉它。这些智能房屋将确保我们的安全，为我们节省能源，并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。
智能控制
如今，我们得用开关控制电灯，用旋钮控制电器，用遥控器控制我们的电视和空调。在未来，我们每天都会使用先进技术对家中几乎所有东西进行自动化控制。未来的房屋将使用集成传感器来判断你每天早上什么时候离开家，然后自动进入节能模式。你不必再想着自己打开和关闭开关。你的(智能)房屋也会了解你的日常生活习惯和喜好，所以当你每天晚上到家时，一切都会为你准备好。你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。所有的控制都会响应语音命令，所以如果你想改变你的日常生活习惯，你只需说出你想要的，房屋系统就会遵照执行。
定期健康检查
此外，你的智能房屋将每天监测你的健康状况。例如，你的床会记录你每晚的睡眠情况，也会检查你的体重。如果你开始出现睡眠或体重问题，它会向你的手机发送警告。它也会向你建议更健康的饮食以及如何睡得更好。智能卫生间也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。如果出现不正常的情况，或者你得了癌症之类的重病，它们会提前警告你，并有可能挽救你的生命。
不再有灾难
智能房屋将能防止事故造成的严重损失。例如，如果水管漏水或发生电线短路，你的智能房屋将会探测出来，并给你提供相关的信息。这样，你就能在你家被水淹没或着火之前解决问题。
这种智能技术并非空想。很多这些新创新已经可用并正在一些房屋中使用。从这个意义上说，今天的家已经运用了这些智能技术。然而，大多数新房屋还需要几年才能开始使用这项新技术。
知识点2 persuade vt.劝说；说服；使相信；使信服
For example，the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade.
例如，“in my opinion”这个词组向我们表明这篇文章可能要说服(别人)。
persuade sb to do sth＝persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do sth＝persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不要做某事
persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事
persuade sb that... 使某人相信……
①He’s so stubborn that I can’t persuade him to change/into changing his mind.
他如此顽固，以至于我不能说服他改变主意。
②He persuaded me of his honesty.＝He persuaded me that he was honest.他让我相信他是诚实的。
[名师提醒]　
同义词convince vt.使相信；使信服
联想词①persuasion n．[U]说服；劝服
②persuasive adj.有说服力的；令人信服的
[易混辨析]　persuade和advise的用法区别
persuade意为“说服”，强调结果；advise意为“建议；劝告”，对方不一定接受，强调动作。劝说但不一定说服的表达方式：advise sb to do sth或try to persuade sb to do sth。
③I advised my father to give up smoking，but I couldn’t persuade him.
我劝我爸爸戒烟，但是没能说服他。
语境填词/同义句转换
1.The other day，my husband tried to persuade me not (buy) a coat as he thought it was too long.However，the assistant tried hard to persuade me the good quality and fashionable style of it.Therefore，I couldn’t help being persuaded buying it.
2.I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition.
→I allowed myself to ．(同义句)
→I allowed myself to be persuaded the competition.(反义句)
【答案】1.to buy，of ，into 2.be persuaded to enter the competition，out of entering/not to enter
知识点3 switch vt.转换；交换 vi.& vt.(使)改变，转变 n．开关；转换器；改变
Or，have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer？
或者，你有过忘记关掉电视或电脑的经历吗？
switch off/on　　　　关/开(电灯、机器等)
switch over 改变；转换(电视频道或电台)
switch (from A) to B (从A)转换到B
turn on 打开
turn off 关闭
turn up 开大(声音)；出现；露面
turn down 关小(声音)；拒绝
①This switch has decreased pollution in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.(全国卷Ⅱ)
这一转变减少了中国主要的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。
②Which switch do I press to turn it off?
我要按下哪个开关来把它关掉？
③She emptied both their cups and switched on the electric kettle.
她倒空了他们的杯子，打开了电水壶。
[链接写作]　补全句子
1.Lucy got home from work early.After changing clothes，she the light and came to the living room.Then she the TV and to Channel 10.
露西早早下班回到家，换完衣服后，她关灯来到客厅。然后她打开电视，转到第10频道。
【答案】1.switched off，switched it over

知识点4 distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的；不同的
However，in the not－too－distant future，we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget.然而，在不远的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，智能家居会在我们外出时为我们锁门，还会在我们忘记关电视时记得帮我们关掉电视。
distant from...与……距离远；与……不同
distance n. 距离；间距
keep sb at a distance 与某人保持距离
in the distance 在远方
at/from a distance 从远处
within walking distance 在步行的距离之内
①Staying home and keeping social distance(distant) is the most effective way to stop the spread of COVID－19.
待在家里和保持社交距离是阻止新型冠状病毒传播最有效的方法。
②Their life seemed utterly distant from his own.
他们的生活与他自己的生活似乎完全不同。
③I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains in the distance.
我可以欣赏远处白雪皑皑的群山的风景。
④The picture looks beautiful at a distance.
那幅画远看很美。
补全句子
1.The waterfall ，which is exactly 500 meters here，can be seen clearly.Its sound can be heard two miles.It looks even more beautiful ．
远处的那条瀑布可以看得很清楚，它离这里正好500米。从两英里外就能听到它的声音。它从远处看更美。
【答案】1.in the distance，distant from ，from a distance of， at a distance
知识点5 secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.保护；获得
These smart homes will keep us secure，save us energy，and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.这些智能家居将保证我们的安全，为我们节约能源并提供更加舒适的居住环境。
(1)be secure from/against　　无……的危险
be/feel secure about 不为……担忧
(2)security n. 安全，安全性
(3)securely adv. 安全地；安心地
insecure adj. 不安全的；不稳定的；不牢靠的
①We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.(2019·北京卷)
我们需要解决电信网络的不安全性质的问题。
②We must secure the benefits of freedom for ourselves and our children.
我们必须保护我们自己和孩子们的自由权益。
③We all know how important environment is to our (secure)．
我们都知道环境对我们的安全是多么重要。
④He locked the heavy door (secure) and kept the key in his pocket.
他把笨重的大门锁紧，将钥匙放在口袋里。
补全句子
⑤He at the law school through efforts.
他通过努力在法学院取得了一个职位。
⑥Nowadays has become a major concern for the government.
如今，食品安全已成为政府重点关注的问题。
【答案】3.security4.securely5. secured a position for himself ，food security
知识点6 preference n．爱好；偏爱
Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences，so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.
你的家也会了解你的日常生活和偏好，所以当你每天晚上回到家时，一切都会为你准备就绪。
(1)in preference to　而不是
preference for sb/sth 更喜欢某人/某物；偏爱某人/某物
give (a) preference to... 给……以优惠/优待
(2)prefer vt. 更喜欢
prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A
prefer doing sth 更喜欢做某事
prefer to do A rather than (to) do B 宁愿做A，而不愿做B
prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事
①A teacher shouldn’t show a preference for any one of his pupils.
老师不应对任何一个学生有所偏爱。
②I prefer you to start early.我更希望你早点出发。
③I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.
比起那条绿裙子，我更喜欢那条红色的，因为它更适合我。
④I prefer (read) books rather than watch TV in my spare time.
在空闲时间，我宁愿读书也不愿看电视。
[链接写作]　用preference的相关短语补全句子
⑤As for diet，Monica chooses vegetables and fruit any kind of meat.
⑥The company will graduates of this famous university.
【答案】4.to read5.in preference to6.give preference to
知识点7 instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的
Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes，and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.你一进门，灯就会亮起来，伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，你会发现晚餐已经为你准备好了。
the instant (that)　一……就……(引导时间状语从句)
at that (very) instant (恰好)在那时
in an instant 立刻；马上
for an instant 瞬间；刹那间
①The instant I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for.
我一看到他就知道他就是警察在找的人。
②I will be back in an instant.我立刻就回来。
③Just at that instant I thought he was going to refuse.
就在那一瞬间我以为他会拒绝。
④I will tell Tom the good news (instant) I see him.
我一看到Tom就会把这个好消息告诉他。
[链接写作]　一句多译
⑤她一停止问问题，我就起身走出了房间。
→ she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.
→ she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.
【答案】4.instantly5.The instant，Instantly
知识点8 command v．命令；控制 n．(给人或动物的)命令；指令；(尤指对语言的)掌握
All controls will respond to voice commands，so if you want to change your routine，you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
所有的控件都会对语音指令作出反应，所以如果你想改变你的生活常规，只要你大声说出你想做什么，智能住宅系统就会遵从。
(1)have a good command of　　　掌握；精通(尤指语言)
be in command of 掌握；控制
at sb’s command 听某人支配
under sb’s command 由某人指挥
(2)command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
command that...(should) do sth 命令……
①I have a good command of English and have been to the USA twice.(浙江卷)
我英语掌握得很好，而且去过两次美国。
②He commanded his men to retreat at once.
→He commanded that his men (should) retreat at once.
他命令手下立刻撤退。
③For the first time in years，she felt in command of her life.
多少年来第一次，她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。
④He sent a force of Marines to Harpers Ferry，under the command of Army Colonel Robert E．Lee.
他派遣一支海军向哈珀斯镇进发，这支海军由罗伯特·E.李上校指挥。
[名师提醒]　command that后接宾语从句的时候，从句谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形的形式，should可以省略。
这类常用词还有：
一个坚持insist
两个命令order/command
三个建议suggest/advise/propose
四个要求ask/require/request/demand
[链接写作]　补全句子/一句多译
⑤His mother work hard to learn a certain number of vocabularies.Now he has had a good
of French.So he the admiration of his friends.
为了掌握一定的词汇量他妈妈命令他要努力学习。现在他已经精通法语，因此也博得了他朋友的赞赏。
⑥他命令郑和尽可能地远行。
→ .
→ .
【答案】5.commanded him to，command ，commands
6.He commanded Zheng He to travel as far as he possibly could，
He commanded that Zheng He should travel as far as he possibly could
知识点9 warning n．警告；警示；先兆
If you start to have sleep or weight problems，it will send a warning to your phone.如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会向你的手机发送警告。
warn vi.& vt.　警告；告诫；提醒注意(可能发生的事)；使警惕
warn (sb) of sth 警告(某人)某事
warn sb about/against sth/sb 告诫某人提防某事/某人
warn sb against doing sth 告诫某人不要做某事
warn sb (not/never) to do sth 警告/提醒某人(不)要做某事
warn sb that... 提醒/告诫某人……
①How did Moore react to her dad’s warning？
摩尔对她父亲的警告有何反应？
②I just wanted to get more information for my report to warn more girls never to be fooled (fool)．
我只是想为我的报告收集更多信息，来警告更多的女孩不要被人愚弄。
③He has been warned of danger of driving after drinking wine.
他已被提醒过酒后开车危险。
④When I had my first baby，friends warned me that children were expensive.
当我有了第一个孩子时，朋友们提醒我说养孩子是很花钱的。
[名师提醒]　用于v.＋sb＋of (doing) sth结构的常用词汇还有：
inform(通知)；accuse(指控)；remind(提醒)；cure(治愈)；suspect(怀疑)
[链接写作]　补全句子
⑤Even today many citizens of San Francisco visitors the great city Frisco.
即使在今天许多旧金山的市民还会提醒游客不要称这个伟大的城市为弗里斯科。
⑥The police have tourists to remoter regions.
警方已告诫游客不要去更偏远的地区。
【答案】5.warn ，ever to call6.warned ，against going
知识点10 potential adj.潜在的；可能的 n．潜力；可能性
They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness，such as cancer，and potentially save your life.
如果出现什么异常或是你得了重大疾病，譬如癌症，它们能够在早期就给你警告，可能会挽救你的生命。
(1)have the potential to do sth有做某事的潜力(能力)
(2)potentially adv. 可能地，潜在地
①It is reported that there is a great potential demand for cars in the countryside.
据报道，农村对汽车的需求潜力巨大。
②She has the potential (become) an excellent basketball player.
她有潜力成为一名优秀的篮球运动员。
[链接写作]　补全句子
③“All children overcome adversity.” she said.
“所有的孩子都有克服逆境的潜力。”她说。
④The firm has at home and abroad.
该公司已在国内外找到60个潜在客户。
【答案】2. to become3. have the potential to 4.identified 60 potential customers
知识点11 available adj.可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的
Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.许多这样的新发明已经可以购买，并为一些家庭所使用了。
be available to do sth　能够用于做某事
be available to sb 能够被某人所用；能够被某人获得
be available for sth 能够用于某事
readily/freely/publicly/generally available 可以容易/免费/让公众/普遍得到
[名师提醒]　available既可以作表语和后置定语，也可以放于名词前，修饰名词。如：available space(可用的空间)，every available doctor(所有能找到的医生)。
unavailable adj.无法得到的，难以获得的；不能(或不愿)见面的；不能(或不愿)交谈的。
①Since 1978，the amount of money available to buy books has fallen by 17%.
自1978年以来，可用于采购图书的经费减少了17%。
②The store has about 500 autographed copies of the book available for purchase.
这家店有大约500本该书的签名版可供购买。
[链接写作]　补全句子
③It’s important that you let them know ．It can help to eliminate future interruptions.
让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的，这可以让你在以后不被打扰。
④Let your clients know that during certain hours.
让你的顾客知道，你在某些时间段是不会客的。
【答案】3.when you’ll be available4.you will be unavailable
知识点12 Yours lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes，and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.
你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。
本句是由and连接的两个并列句，第一个分句中的the instant引导时间状语从句。
the instant/minute/moment/second＋从句
the instant/minute/moment/second可以引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as，意为“一……就……”。
表示“一……就……”的结构还有：
as soon as＋时间状语从句
immediately/instantly/directly＋时间状语从句
hardly/scarcely...when...(主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时)
no sooner...than...(主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时)
on/upon＋v.－ing/名词
[名师提醒]　如果no sooner，hardly/scarcely位于句首，其所在的主句要部分倒装。
①The instant she came back，she helped her brother with his homework.
她一回来，就帮助她的弟弟做作业。
②The show，despite some rough edges，was an instant success.
虽然有一些瑕疵，演出还是一举获得了成功。
③The moment I saw you coming，I came out to meet you.
我一见到你来了，就出来迎接你。
④Hardly had we begun to prepare for the next project when we realized that all the money ran out.
我们刚开始为下一个项目做准备就意识到钱都花完了。
[链接写作]　一句多译
⑤我刚到办公室，我的妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
→My wife phoned me to go back home at once I arrived at the office.
→ I arrived at the office，my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
→ I arrived at the office，my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
→ had I arrived at the office my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
→ had I arrived at the office my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
【答案】5. immediately/instantly/directly ，The instant/moment/minute/second ，As soon as ，Hardly/Scarcely ，when ，No sooner，than
知识点13 Nevertheless，it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
然而，大多数新房屋还需要几年才能开始使用这项新技术。
before引导时间状语从句时可以根据语境译作“在……之前”“过了……(时间)才……”和“还没来得及……就……”。before常用于以下句型：
(1)“It was＋时间段＋before...”意为“过了……才……”，从句常用一般过去时。
(2)“It was not long before...”意为“不久就……”，从句常用一般过去时。
(3)“It won’t be long before...”意为“不久就会……”，从句常用一般现在时。
(4)“It will/may be＋时间段＋before...”意为“要过/或许要过……才……”，从句常用一般现在时。
①Before you came over，I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.
在你来拜访之前，我从未意识到我住在一个多么美丽的地方。
②They walked about 30 miles before they saw a village.
他们走了大约30英里才看到一个村庄。
③We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
我们跑了还不到1英里他就累了。
④Before I knew an hour had__passed (pass) and it was time to move on to lunch.
我还没意识到，一个小时就已经过去了，该吃午饭了。
⑤It was really a long time before I realized the truth.
过了很长一段时间我才认识到真相。
[链接写作]　补全句子
⑥I’m sorry you have been waiting so long，but it will still be some time ．
真是对不起让你久等了，但是还要过一段时间你才能拿到你的护照。
⑦The history exam was so easy that I finished.
这次历史考试非常简单，我没花多长时间就做完了。
⑧He is leaving for Australia and he comes back.
他要去澳大利亚了，三年后才会回来。
【答案】4.had passed 5.before 6.before you can get your passport7.it wasn’t long before/it didn’t take long before8.it will be three years before
分层提分


题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．However，his friend successfully (说服) him to have a try.
2．There was no advance (警告) before the earthquake hit.
3．Everyone will have their (偏爱)．
4．Generally，that is fine，but you should be aware of one (潜在的) weakness.
5．There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. (然而)，it is important that we try.
6．When I got there，the noise and movement stopped (立即)．
7．The text of the lecture was (可获得的)to guests on the night.
8．They watched the bus disappear into the (远方)．
9．Yemen (掌控) the strait at the southern end of the Red Sea.
10．We had to make a (变动)in our arrangements.
【答案】1.persuaded 2.warning 3.preference 4.potential 5.Nevertheless 6.instantly 7.available 8.distance 9.commands 10.switch
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．When the phones are switched ，those who are more dependent on their mobiles will feel worse.
2．Regardless of the weather or the (distant)，Paul Wilson will make sure low－income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
3．Though my hometown is small and distant cities，there is always something different to catch your eye.
4．The teacher commanded us (hand) in our exercises next Monday.
5．The captain commanded that his crew (take) a rest before the daybreak，but some of them still worked on the deck.
6．Though warned the danger many times，some drivers still drive after drinking，which not only breaks the law but also is probably life－threatening.
7．Primary schooling， a sense，is more important than secondary schooling.
8．This stranger responded beautifully my small crisis，but she actually wasn’t the only one.
9．We have very strict quality control and anything imperfect is rejected，so customers feel secure our products.
10．They tried to persuade their young sister (stay) behind，saying that the long walk would be too tiring for her.
【答案】1.off2.distance 3.from 4.to hand5.(should) take 6.of 7.in 8.to 9.about 10. to stay
Ⅲ.选词填空
switch off，in the distance，have a preference for，the instant，early on，have a good command of，be relevant to，catch fire，in this sense
1．Please the lights when you leave the office.
2．I can see the mountains ．
3．I don’t think your essay the topic.
4．One building of the community last night.
5．Among all the subjects，I math.
6．I recognized her I saw Mary.
7．Applicants will be expected to English.
8．I knew that he told a lie.
9． ，the manager is to blame for the accident.
【答案】1. switch off 2.in the distance3. is relevant to4. caught fire5.have a preference for6. the instant7.have a good command of8.early on9.In this sense
Ⅳ.补全/翻译句子
1．Tom dashed out ．(the instant)
火车一到站台，Tom就冲了出去，紧紧地抱住了他的妈妈。
2．It’s a great pity that ．(no longer)
很遗憾，Brown先生不再住在这所房子里了。
3．尽管很小，这个电器也能为我们节省能源和金钱。(though，save)
.
4．他总是吃苦在前，享乐在后。(动词不定式作定语)
.
5．Smith先生到机场的时候，他发现护照丢了。(find＋宾语＋宾补)
.
6．再过两个月我哥哥就要高中毕业了。(it，before)
.
【答案】
1. The instant the train arrived at the platform and hugged his mother tightly
2. Mr Brown no longer lives in this house
3. Though (it is) small，this appliance still can save us energy and money
4. He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts
5. When Mr Smith got to the airport，he found his passport lost
6. It will take two months before my brother graduates from/finishes high school.

题组B 能力提升练
课文语法填空
Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house or switch off the TV? These kinds of things often happen to us，1.____________ can lead to problems.However，in the near future，we 2.____________ (live) in smart homes that will lock the door and switch off the TV 3.____________ (automatic)．These smart homes will provide us with a 4.____________ (comfortable) environment.
Your home will learn your daily routine and 5.____________ (preference)，so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.For example，lights will come on 6.____________ (instant) you enter the door along with your favourite music.All controls will respond to voice commands，so you just say 7.____________ you want and the home system will obey.Besides，it will give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how 8.____________ (sleep) better.
This smart technology is not a fantasy.9.____________，it will take some years 10.____________ most new homes begin to use it.
1.which　【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词为things，故填which。
2．will be living　【解析】考查时态。根据句意可知，此处应用将来进行时，故填will be living。
3．automatically　【解析】考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语，故填automatically。
4．more comfortable　【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据上下文可知此处暗含一种与现在的比较，故用比较级more comfortable。
5．preferences　【解析】考查名词的数。根据语境及句意可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，故填preferences。
6．instantly　【解析】考查词性转换。表示“一……就……”应用instantly。
7．what　【解析】考查名词性从句。设空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作want的宾语，表示“想要的东西”，故填what。
8．to sleep　【解析】考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构。此处为“疑问词＋不定式”结构，故填to sleep。
9．Nevertheless　【解析】考查副词。此处表示转折，故填Nevertheless。
10．before　【解析】考查连词。此处是固定句型“it will take＋时间段＋before...”，意为“需要多长时间才……”，故填before。

语法填空
Battling coronavirus is an experience that will forever stay in my mind.I had what’s considered a mild case，but even in its weakest form，this virus is 1._______________ (violence) and cruel.
My husband，Louis，and I have been trying to figure out where we first came into contact 2.____________ the virus，and we think it was the Friday night when we went out 3.____________ (celebrate) his sister’s birthday in early March.We went to a Mexican restaurant，4.____________ we shared lots of laughs and food.We didn’t think anything of it at the time.5.____________ (look) back now，we think that must have been the start of it all.Sharing food and drinks 6.____________ (be) one of the everyday habits that should change forever after coronavirus.
Louis began showing symptoms on Monday，but we assumed it was 7.____________ typical cold.It didn’t seem a cause for concern.Then it took 8.____________ (I) down.The doctor was certain I would test positive for coronavirus，but gave me the option to test 9.______________ I wanted to know for sure.I opted to be tested.
Now that I 10.____________ (recover)，I’m sharing my story because I want people to take this situation seriously.We have to fight this battle together and we have to win.
【语篇解读】　【解析】本文介绍了“我”和“我的丈夫”感染新冠病毒肺炎和治疗的经历。
1．violent　【解析】考查形容词。violent“猛烈的；暴力的”。
2．with　【解析】考查介词。contact with“接触，遭遇”。
3．to celebrate　【解析】考查非谓语动词。使用不定式作目的状语。
4．where　【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是restaurant，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故填写where。
5．Looking　【解析】考查非谓语动词，使用looking作状语。
6．is　【解析】考查动词的时态。分析句子成分可知，空处为谓语，且主语为动名词短语，故用is。
7．a　【解析】考查冠词。a typical cold“一种典型的感冒”。
8．me　【解析】考查代词。此处应用代词的宾格作动词take的宾语。
9．if　【解析】考查连词。
10．have recovered　【解析】考查动词的时态。此处为now that引导的原因状语从句，强调对现在造成的影响，故用现在完成时。


题组C 培优拔尖练
完形填空
A little girl created a perfect gift for her mother’s birthday.It was a drawing of a __1__ on white paper with the words “For mom: love，love，love” decorated with hearts.She folded(折叠) her letter，but then she __2__ it.
For most people，that would be the __3__ of this story，but this story had a different result.James Carrell found the letter.He had just __4__ his mother，wishing her a happy birthday.After he hung up，Carrell saw the __5__ on the ground outside of a hardware store in Manvel.“I __6__ it was a gift，” said Carrell.“I opened it up and saw the flower and hearts.It really __7__ me.” Carrell thought the letter would __8__ someone’s day and that maybe he could find the owner，so he posted it on the Internet.The message moved a lot of people，__9__ one man.
“I was sitting at my friend’s house and saw a man’s __10__，” said Carrell.
The comments (评论) included one from Robert Alvarado.He wrote，“I can’t __11__ you found my baby’s letter.” Carrell reached Alvarado to __12__ the letter.It took a few days，but the men finally met on Thursday night.
“Eventually the letter made it home，” said Alvarado.“We are __13__ for what James Carrell did.”
We often forget the power of __14__ things，but for this family from Alvin，Carrell’s small act left a(n) __15__ impression.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。Carrell捡到一位小女孩写给她母亲的生日祝福信，很受感动，于是发到网上寻找失主，最后将其物归原主。
1．A.bird B．card C．cake D．flower
D　【解析】由下文中的“I opened it up and saw the flower and hearts”可知，纸上画的是一朵花(flower)。
2．A.received B．destroyed C．lost D．posted
C　【解析】根据本句话中的but和下文的内容可知，女孩给母亲的生日祝福信丢失了。
3．A.end B．part C．influence D．cause
A　【解析】根据下文中的“but this story had a different result”可知，此处是说对大多数人来说，这将是故事的结尾。此处end与result对应。
4．A.promised B．invited C．seen D．called
D　【解析】由下文中的“After he hung up”可知。Carrell刚刚给他的母亲打过电话。
5．A.paper B．cash C．bag D．tool
A　【解析】结合第一段中的“It was a drawing of a ________ on white paper”可知，此处表示当Carrell挂断电话之后，在一家五金店外面看见了地上的纸。
6．A.proved B．explained C．realised D．admitted
C　【解析】由下文中的“I opened it up and saw the flower and hearts”可知，此处表示Carrell意识到那是一份礼物。
7．A.satisfied B．frightened C．shocked D．touched
D　【解析】由信的内容以及Carrell接下来的做法可知，Carrell很受感动。touch“感动”。
8．A.start B．continue C．brighten D．ruin
C　【解析】结合语境可推断出，此处表示Carrell认为收到这份礼物的人一定会很高兴。故选C。brighten“(使)更开心”。
9．A.obviously B．extremely C．especially D．probably
C　【解析】根据语境及下文内容可知，Carrell在网上发布的关于这封信的内容感动了很多人，尤其是一位男士。
10．A.photograph B．arrival C．conclusion D．reply
D　【解析】由下文中的“The comments (评论) included one from Robert Alvarado”可知，Carrell正在朋友家中，看见了一位男士的回复。
11．A.forget B．believe C．understand D．pretend
B　【解析】此处指女孩的父亲感到很惊讶，无法相信竟然有人捡到了女儿的信。
12．A.read B．present C．return D．publish
C　【解析】由上文可知，Carrell在网上发布消息是为了找到信的主人，故他联系Alvarado，想归还那封信。
13．A.ready B．grateful C．responsible D．anxious
B　【解析】由上文可知，Carrell捡到了女孩的生日祝福信，并想方设法将其还给她，故女孩一家应该非常感激他。
14．A.little B．certain C．useless D．extra
A　【解析】由下文中的small act可知，此处表示我们经常忘记小事的力量。
15．A.unhappy B．beneficial C．lasting D．reasonable
C　【解析】对于Alvarado全家来说，Carrell的小举动给他们留下了持久的印象。lasting表示“持久的”。