高中Unit 4 Space Exploration单元测试复习练习题

必修三Unit 4 Space exploration 单元测试卷

（考试时间：100分钟   分值：100分）

班级：_________   姓名：__________   得分：__________

一、单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）

1. It has passed through an interesting _______ (程序) of evolution.

2. Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and ______ (精神的) health.

3. The stone rolled down the mountain by _______ (重力).

4. The red traffic light indicates that every person and _______ (车辆) must stop.

5. The world record of spacewalks is held by Russian _______ (宇航员) Anatoly Solovyev.

6. Water is becoming an increasingly precious _______ (资源).

7. The company will _______ (上市) a new model next month.

8. Chest pains can be a warning _______ (信号) of heart problems.

9. Your doctor will _______ (监测) your blood pressure.

10. We are going to _______ (回收利用) all our empty glass bottles.

二、单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）

1. Too bad he used his _______ (intelligent) for criminal purposes.

2. The parents were __________ (determine) that the two girls should be fully self-supporting.

3. There are benefits to being a single __________ (independence) woman.

4. They may only have a __________ (limit) amount of time to achieve their goal.

5. _________ (globe) warming is a real problem.

6. There is a strong __________ (argue) for lowering the price.

7. I find it really hard to drag myself out and exercise ______ (regular).

8. The whole thing seems very _______ (mystery).

9. He made a very thorough __________ (analyse) on the situation.

10. This is the first time she has experienced __________ (disappointed).

三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）

1. 百分之五十的交通事故会导致头部受伤。

Fifty percent of traffic accidents can _______________ head injuries.

2. 当我几乎要放弃的时候，我的老师鼓励我坚持下去。

When I was about to give up, my teacher encouraged me to _______________.

3. 我认为我需要一些时间把问题弄清楚。

I think it will take me some time to _______________ the problem.

4. 有太多的问题要处理，我哥哥担忧得吃不下任何东西。

With so many problems to solve, my brother was too worried _______________.

5. 据说到2050年世界上的淡水将会耗尽。

It is said that the world would _______________ of fresh water in 2050.

四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Make Space in Your Summer for Free Fun

You don’t have to go to the moon to meet an astronaut; You can do it at the Air and Space Museum on July 16.

Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight around the globe in 1937. But she’ll be at the National Air and Space Museum on July 16 — the museum’s first Family Day of the season — to tell you all about her adventures. (Okay, it’s actually an actress pretending to be Earhart.) NASA astronaut Patrick Forrester will be there to answer your questions, too. Come and learn how space exploration changed the world.

Another Family Day event takes place on July 25. At “Discover the Moon Day!” you can steer (驾驶) a robotic rover (a vehicle for exploring the surface of a planet), examine meteorites (陨石) that were found on the moon, see the capsule (太空舱) that took the Apollo 11 astronauts there and back and view photos of the lunar surface using 3­D glasses.

You can create lunar art and take a moon quiz. We’ll give you one example: July 20, 1969. Do you know what happened that day?

National Air and Space Museum

Independence Avenue at Sixth Street SW

Open daily 10 am to 7:30 pm through September 1 (with a few early closings at 5:30 pm; visit our website for details).

Family Day programmes are from 10 am to 3 pm.

Information specialists are available Monday through Friday from 9 am to 5 pm and Saturday from 9 am to 4 pm. All ages, but best for age 7 and older.

For more information, call 202­633­2214 or go to www.airandspace.si.edu.

1. What can museum visitors do on July 16?

A. Create lunar art.

B. Step into an unusual capsule.

C. See a movie about Earhart’s adventures.

D. Learn about a missing woman pilot’s life.

2. What do we know about “Discover the Moon Day!”?

A. It includes a moon quiz competition.

B. It’s the first Family Day at the museum.

C. It features a famous astronaut’s explanations.

D. It gives people first­hand experience of space.

3. What’s the closing time for the Family Day programmes?

A. 3 pm. B. 4 pm. C. 5:30 pm. D. 7:30 pm.

B

An Oregon witness at Hood River reported watching two cigar-shaped objects that stopped and hovered (盘旋). He was in a car driven by her mother at 2:06 pm on July 18, 2018.

The witness stated, “I was in the passenger seat. My mom then pointed to two white lines in the sky. They were far off and too big to be an airplane. The lines were surely not made by airplanes because there was no tail or wings. These were just straight white, cigar-shaped lines in the sky. They appeared to be headed eastward before they stopped and started hovering.”

“While I was thinking about what the cigar-like objects might be, I did forget to record. After a while, they moved northward, disappearing into a thundercloud (雷雨云), in which an airplane could not go. Also, I noticed the two objects were flying very close to each other, and I know commercial (商业的) airliners do not do that. The way that the objects were flying was as if they were formation flying.”

The witness did not feel like the objects were presenting a possible danger in any way.

“People in movies tend to make UFOs seem like dangerous things that come to the Earth to kill humans. But these objects only appeared to be looking at the Earth below. I was not frightened by these objects, and I was left with many questions instead: What were they here for? Did anyone else see them? And why had they come to the earth?”

“When my mom and I came home we told my dad and brother about the strange event. They did not believe us though. And because we don’t have any pictures or videos, this event will be considered as another product of human imagination or a joke. Though I do accept that not everything on the Internet is real, I know what I saw. The UFOs that I saw were real,” said the witness.

4. Which of the following correctly describes the two UFOs?

A. They kept their distance. B. They flew in a special way.

C. They made a noise like thunder. D. They were half the size of airplanes.

5. What did the witness think of the UFOs?

A. They were carrying out a task. B. They provided ideas for movies.

C. They seemed harmless to the Earth. D. They seemed frightened of humans.

6. How did the witness feel about the UFOs?

A. Afraid. B. Excited. C. Confused. D. Uninterested.

7. Why did the witness think people didn’t believe his story?

A. He couldn’t prove it.

B. He didn’t believe it himself.

C. They had heard too many similar stories.

D. They might think he copied it from the Internet.

C

Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.

However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (椭圆).

Now Halley set to work. He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.

This seemed very strange to Halley. The different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.

It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction of what would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet has been called Halley’s comet, in his honor.

8. Halley made his discovery ________.

A. by doing experiments

B. by his own careful observation

C. by using the work of other scientists

D. by chance

9. Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year ________.

A. 1704 B. 1705 C. 1706 D. 1707

10. Which of the following is true according to the text?

A. Halley was an American scientist.

B. Newton was a famous mathematician.

C. The orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.

D. Halley and Newton made the discovery of comets together.

11. This passage in general is about ________.

A. Newton and Halley B. the orbit of a comet

C. Halley and his discovery D. Halley and other scientists

D

Six scientists received some good news: they were being treated to an eight-month, all free trip to Hawaii. There was just one little difficulty: they would be spending all eight months living under Mars-like conditions to simulate (模拟) a mission to the planet. They carried out their own research projects, as NASA researchers watched to see whether they developed cabin fever (幽闭烦躁症), a feeling of upset and impatience when people have been inside for too long. The mission is in the hope of better understanding life on Mars.

For the mission, surfing, fresh air and sunshine were all off the menu. During the eight months, the scientists had to live together in just 1,300 square feet of living space, built on the side of the Mauna Loa (a volcano). Whenever they wanted to take a short walk outside their “house”, they had to put on a 40-pound spacesuit. As if to make things even tougher, showers were limited to eight minutes each week.

Perhaps it should not be overly surprising that with the six having now completed their mission, they said re-entering the outside world was “a big joy”.

One possible reason why the six survived could be found in their blogs. The mission commander, Ms Lenio, said she learnt to play an instrument and improved her French. Another scientist, Sophie Milam, excitedly posted a model boat made out of sticks by herself.

But it wasn’t all fun. About halfway through the mission, bad weather left them to use their solar-powered batteries. They had to gather closely together for warmth and limit energy use to just the important systems. Ms Lenio said, “If we had really been on Mars, that would have been life or death.”

Luckily, it did seem that the scientists had succeeded in avoiding cabin fever — Ms Lenio referred to her partners as “lovely people”.

12. Why does the author mention a trip to Hawaii in paragraph 1?

A. To introduce the special mission.

B. To describe the easy life of scientists.

C. To tell us Hawaii is popular among visitors.

D. To show Hawaii is a perfect place to do research.

13. What can we learn from the scientists’ blogs?

A. Life on “Mars” was always colorful.

B. They did what they liked to kill time.

C. They were hopeless during the mission.

D. They learned something from each other.

14. What do Ms Lenio’s words in paragraph 5 mean?

A. They wouldn’t meet the problem on Mars.

B. The result would have been more serious on Mars.

C. Ms Lenio felt lucky to survive the mission.

D. The mission was actually meaningless.

15. What may be the best title for the text?

A. Scientists prove living on Mars is possible

B. Scientists learn a lot during their trip to Mars

C. Six scientists’ trip to Hawaii simulates a mission to Mars

D. Six scientists successfully complete their mission on Mars

五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How is eating in space different from eating on Earth?

If you send astronauts into space, you have to send food along as well. But what do astronauts eat in space and how do they eat it?   1 

The first and possibly the most important factor is nutrition.   2   Eating junk food, such as potato chips, would make the astronauts unhealthy.

  3   If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it. If you’ve ever tried to concentrate on something important while your stomach doesn’t feel well, you’ll know why the scientists in charge of a space mission want their astronauts to eat regularly.

The lack of gravity in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space. Meals must be packaged carefully so they won’t spill (溢出) into the cabin. Water or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or an electronic device and damage it.   4   A loose knife bouncing (弹起) around inside the cabin would be dangerous.

Finally, weight is an important concern. The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and back home again.   5   Most foods are stored in plastic bags, and often, the foods are dehydrated (使脱水). When an astronaut is ready to eat, hot water is added to the meal to warm it up.

Except all these requirements, much of the food eaten in space is actually similar to what you might eat on any given day.

A. Taste is also important.

B. Food packaging is made to be as light as possible.

C. Believe it or not, they also have fresh fruits and vegetables.

D. Nutrition and practicality (实用) are important things to consider.

E. For the same reason, sharp knives and forks are never used on board.

F. Maintaining astronauts’ physical health is a top task for any space mission.

G. Scientists take several factors into consideration as they plan meals for space.

六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Careers in science are generally believed too complex for students who aren’t talented or clever enough. However, Scott Kelly, a former commander of the International Space Station,

  1   it’s wrong.

As a kid, he was   2   and uninterested in science and all other   3   as well. He couldn’t   4   what the teachers were saying, spending most of his time in school   5  . Therefore, he earned terrible grades and barely graduated from high school, and he even thought he would never find his dreams.

That all   6   when he picked up and read The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe’s classic account of the pioneer Americans who first explored space.   7   at last, he was determined to be a(n)

  8  , which meant doing well in science classes. From then on he   9   to do well in it.

After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn’t be   10  . But he started thinking about it like a game. The more he practiced his study skills, the more he   11   and the better he got.

  12  , it became a(n) competition with himself to see how good he could get. No one was more surprised than him when a former daydreamer started getting straight A’s in science, which is extremely necessary to be an astronaut.

So we need to stop   13   the statement that science is just too hard. If you have been told “you are not fit to learn science” or “your brain doesn’t think that way”, just   14   the comments. Everyone who wants to learn this object can do so — they just have to be   15   to do the work.

1. A. believed B. guessed C. proved D. thought

2. A. absent-minded B. amazed C. devoted D. confused

3. A. schedules B. goals C. subjects D. students

4. A. work on B. set about C. think about D. focus on

5. A. investigating B. daydreaming C. watching D. learning

6. A. finished B. realized C. happened D. changed

7. A. Encouraged B. Disappointed C. Satisfied D. Shocked

8. A. writer B. astronaut C. scientist D. teacher

9. A. determined B. managed C. refused D. continued

10. A. creative B. easy C. possible D. wonderful

11. A. gained B. agreed C. performed D. presented

12. A. Particularly B. Surprisingly C. Fortunately D. Finally

13. A. commenting B. breaking C. confirming D. spreading

14. A. apply B. ignore C. return D. handle

15. A. forced B. expected C. equal D. willing

七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

NASA has announced that it will open up International Space Station (ISS) for space tourism. This will allow private individuals to take a   1   (wonder) trip to space.

NASA has hired two companies that will ensure crew composition (人员构成) and provide training for space journey and medical requirements. Elon Musk’s SpaceX and Boeing   2   (be) the two companies for the mission.

It is said that the price will add up to be about $58 million for one seat,   3   means it is impossible for an ordinary person to begin the journey. In addition, NASA will charge visitors for basic things like food and   4   (communicate) in the station.

In the past, NASA did not allow any commercial use of the space station and prevented astronauts from   5   (conduct) any profit-based research. ISS   6   (build) at the beginning of 1998 with some other countries, so NASA does not own the station. US businessman, Dennis Tito was the first tourist   7   (visit) space in 2001. He paid Russia around $20 million for a space round trip.

Space tourism will be done only twice a year, so it has a   8   (relative) limited profit. The main focus of   9   mission is to build up resources for the Moon Mission of 2024. NASA looks forward   10   the first Moon Mission of this decade.

八、写作（满分15分）

假定你是红星中学学生李华，你的美国朋友Jim得知你对探月感兴趣，发来邮件和你讨论该话题。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 月亮在中国文化中的寓意；

2. 你对人类探月活动的看法。

注意：

1. 词数80左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jim,

I’m glad to share with you more details about my strong interest in moon exploration.

_______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

参考答案

一、1. procedure 2. mental 3. gravity 4. vehicle 5. astronaut

6. resource 7. launch 8. signal 9. monitor 10. recycle

二、1. intelligence 2. determined 3. independent 4. limited 5. Global

6. argument 7. regularly 8. mysterious 9. analysis 10. disappointment

三、1. result in

2. carry on

3. figure out

4. to eat anything

5. run out

四、

A篇

本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于美国国家航空航天博物馆的活动介绍。

1. D  细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight”和“on July 16 ... to tell you all about her adventures”可知，在7月16日博物馆的家庭日活动中，游客可以了解一些关于失踪的女飞行员Earhart的故事。故选D。

2. D  细节理解题。根据第三段中列举的“发现月球日”活动：steer (驾驶) a robotic rover, examine meteorites (陨石), see the capsule (太空舱)和view photos of the lunar surface可知，该活动给人们提供亲身体验太空的机会。故选D。

3. A  细节理解题。根据文章后半部分中的“Family Day programs are from 10 am to 3 pm.”可知，家庭日的活动最晚到下午3点结束。故选A。

B篇

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个俄勒冈州的目击者描述自己看到两个雪茄形状的物体的事实经过。

4. B  细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The way that the objects were flying was as if they were formation flying.”可以推断出，这两个雪茄形状的物体飞行方式很特别。故选B。

5. C  细节理解题。根据第四段“The witness did not feel like the objects were presenting a possible danger in any way.”可知，目击者认为这两个飞行器没有危险。故选C。

6. C  推理判断题。根据第五段中“I was not frightened by these objects, and I was left with many questions instead: What were they here for? Did anyone else see them? And why had they come to the earth?”目击者的一系列疑问可以推知，目击者对于这两个飞行器的出现是困惑的。故选C。

7. A  细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When my mom and I came home we told my dad and brother about the strange event. They did not believe us though. And because we don’t have any pictures or videos, this event will be considered as another product of human imagination or a joke.”可知，因为没有视频或任何图片可以证实，所以目击者的爸爸和哥哥不相信。故选A。

C篇

本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了哈雷以及他发现哈雷彗星的故事。

8. D  细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made.”可知，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家们的观察中得出来的。故选D。

9. B  推理判断题。根据倒数第一段的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested.”可知，他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做这个预言的时间是1705年。故选B。

10. B  细节理解题。根据第二段中的“... Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician”可知，牛顿是一名数学家。故选B。

11. C  主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文的主要内容就是介绍哈雷以及他的发现。故选C。

D篇

本文是一篇说明文。六名科学家在夏威夷冒纳罗亚火山上一个与世隔绝、靠太阳能电池供电的“船舱”里生活了八个月，完成了夏威夷太空探索仿真模拟实验。

12. A  推理判断题。通读第一段可知，作者以六名科学家即将去夏威夷度过为期八个月的“假期”为话题，引出了此次在夏威夷冒纳罗亚火山进行的模拟火星生活的实验。故

选A。

13. B  推理判断题。第四段首句说到他们能够度过这段时间的原因可以从他们的博客中找到。下文即举例说明科学家们通过做自己爱好的事来打发时间，度过了为期八个月的“与世隔绝”的生活。故选B。

14. B  推理判断题。通读倒数第二段可知，科学家们在此次实验中遭遇了恶劣天气导致的太阳能电池电量不足且生活面临困难的情况。Ms Lenio说如果这真的发生在火星上的话，就事关他们的生死了。她的意思是如果电能不足的问题发生在火星上，会导致更严重的后果。故选B。

15. C  标题归纳题。通读文章可知，本文介绍了六名科学家在夏威夷冒纳罗亚火山进行的模拟火星生活的实验，实验的目的是进一步了解在火星上生活可能会遇到的问题。故

选C。

五、

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家在计划太空用餐时需要考虑的几个因素。

1. G  通读全文内容可知，文章接下来介绍了科学家在计划太空用餐时需要考虑的几个因素，

  G项承上启下，符合语境。故选G。

2. F  “The first and possibly the most important factor is nutrition.”是本段的主旨句，说明了营养是科学家在规划宇航员用餐时需要重点考虑的因素；后文“Eating junk food, such as potato chips, would make the astronauts unhealthy.”说明了吃垃圾食品会使宇航员不健康。F选项“保持宇航员的身体健康是任何太空任务的首要任务”与本段主旨一致，且与后文形成对比关系；F项中的health与后文的unhealthy相对应。故选F。

3. A  设空为本段主旨句，根据后文“If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it.”说明了食物味道的重要性。A选项中的Taste与后文中的distasteful相对应。故选A。

4. E  由空前内容可知，由于太空的零重力因素，食物有可能会洒落到机舱内，对设备造成损坏；后文“A loose knife bouncing (弹起) around inside the cabin would be dangerous.”说明了刀在太空舱到处弹跳是危险的。E选项中的knives与后文的knife相对应，the same reason就是指开头的The lack of gravity。故选E。

5. B  由本段的主旨句“Finally, weight is an important concern.”可知，重量也是一个很重要的因素。B选项中的light与本段首句的weight相对应，packaging与后文的plastic bags相对应。故选B。

六、

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Scott Kelly起初对科学并不感兴趣，但是找到了人生目标后，他开始努力学习科学，最终实现了成为宇航员的目标。

1. C  考查动词辨析。此处表示国际空间站前指挥官Scott Kelly证明了这种观点是错误的。However一词说明上下文之间为转折关系，结合下文中的“No one was more surprised than him when a former daydreamer started getting straight A’s”可知，Scott Kelly从一个做白日梦的人变成了一名优等生，故可推知Scott Kelly证明了人们的这一想法是错误的。故选C。

2. A  考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“uninterested in science”和“barely graduated from high school”可知，Scott Kelly小时候对科学不感兴趣，高中勉强毕业，所以此处表示他心不在焉。absent-minded意为“心不在焉的”。故选A。

3. C  考查名词辨析。根据空前的“science and all other”可知，此处应该是science的上义词，subjects符合语境。故选C。

4. D  考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“uninterested in science and all other   3   as well”可知，Scott Kelly对学习不感兴趣，所以在学校里无法把注意力集中在老师讲的内容上。work on“致力于”；set about“着手，开始做”；think about“考虑”；focus on“集中（注意力）于”。故选D。

5. B  考查动词辨析。根据上文描述可知，Scott Kelly对学习不感兴趣，无法把注意力集中在老师讲的内容上，再结合第四段首句中的“After so many years of daydreaming”可知，他整天做白日梦。此处为原词复现。故选B。

6. D  考查动词辨析。根据下文的“started getting straight A’s”可知，Scott Kelly有了很大的转变，故此处表示当他读到汤姆·沃尔夫的经典著作《真材实料》时，一切都改变了。故选D。

7. A  考查形容词辨析。根据下文“at last he was determined to be a(n)”可知，他找到了自己的目标，所以他应该是受到了书上内容的鼓舞。故选A。

8. B  考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“who first explored space”和第四段尾句中的“which is extremely necessary to be an astronaut”可知，此处表示他决心成为一名宇航员。此处的astronaut和下文中的astronaut为原词复现。故选B。

9. A  考查动词辨析。根据上文可知，Scott Kelly下定决心要成为一名宇航员，故可知此处表示从那以后，他下定决心要学好科学课。此处的determined与上文中的determined属于原词复现。故选A。

10. B  考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“so many years of daydreaming”并结合常识可知，对于多年来一直对学习不感兴趣的Scott Kelly来说，学好科学课并不是一件容易的事。故选B。

11. A  考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“the better he got”可知，他变得越来越好，故可推断出他练习得越多，收获就越多。gain“获得”；agree“同意”；perform“执行”；present“呈现”。故选A。

12. D  考查副词辨析。根据上文描述可知，他将学习科学当作一项比赛，又结合下文中的“to see how good he could get”可知，最终这成了他与自己的一场竞赛。故选D。

13. D  考查动词辨析。Scott Kelly从对科学不感兴趣到成为科学学科的优等生的经历说明“科学太难学”是错误的说法，所以我们应该停止传播这样的说法。故选D。

14. B  考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“So we need to stop   13   the statement that science is just too hard.”可知，此处表示应该忽视那些“你不适合学科学”之类的评论。故选B。

15. D  考查形容词辨析。Scott Kelly从对科学不感兴趣到成为科学学科的优等生的经历说明，只要愿意学习，每个人都可以学好科学。故选D。

七、 

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了NASA声称将建立国际空间站供人们去太空旅行，这将允许个人进行美妙的太空之旅。

1. wonderful  考查词性转换。分析句子可知，空后的trip是名词，修饰名词应用形容词。故填wonderful。

2. are  考查主谓一致和时态。分析句子可知，主语为Elon Musk’s SpaceX and Boeing这两家公司，所以be动词应用复数；且此处表示的是客观事实，因此时态应用一般现在时。故填are。

3. which  考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处所在的句子为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面整个句子。故填which。

4. communication  考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处与名词food并列，应该填communicate的名词形式。故填communication。

5. conducting  考查非谓语动词。此处为“prevent sb from doing sth”结构，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故填conducting。

6. was built  考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，build和主语ISS为动宾关系，所以用被动语态，且根据时间状语“at the beginning of 1988”可知，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时态。故填was built。

7. to visit  考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式短语作定语。故填to visit。

8. relatively  考查词性转换。修饰形容词limited用副词。故填relatively。

9. the  考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指“（NASA建立空间站的）这项任务”，所以应用定冠词修饰。故填the。

10. to  考查介词。“look forward to”为固定搭配，意为“期望某事”。故填to。

八、

Dear Jim,

I’m glad to share with you more details about my strong interest in moon exploration.

It started with what I had been told about the moon as a kid. In Chinese culture, the moon is a symbol of beauty and purity. Also, it reminds people of their family and friends far away.

Humans have never stopped exploring our closest neighbor, which I believe is of great significance. The development of relevant technology promotes the progress of science in general, which benefits our everyday life. What’s more, I think moon exploration shows an important human trait — curiosity about the unknown, which is the driving force that has brought us humans this far.

What do you usually think about when you gaze at the moon?

Yours,

Li Hua