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人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures授课ppt课件
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures授课ppt课件，共34页。PPT课件主要包含了 fortune，fortune n， admit，admit v ，词汇拓展， 正式用语， seek，词汇拓展seek， earn，赚零花钱等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中国传统文化中的“福”怎么表达？
“福”所对应的英文是 gd frtune，直译过来就是“好运气”。
古今中外均不乏“算命的人”，在英语中这样的人被称为 frtune teller。
福尔图娜（Frtuna）是罗马神话中的命运女神。她主管人和国家的命运。她的形象一般为一手执羊角，象征丰饶和财富，一手执车轮，象征命运的变迁兴衰。英语单词frtune就源自幸运女神的名字Frtuna。习语 wheel f frtune 字面意思是“幸运女神的车轮”，比喻命运或人生的变迁。
“世界500强”是中国人对美国《财富》(Frtune) 杂志每年评选的“全球最大五百家公司”排行榜的一种约定俗成的叫法。公司盈利多是跻身世界500强的先决条件，而frtune有“（大量）财产；大笔钱”的含义，这也是用Frtune 500来表达世界500强的原因。
[U] 机遇；运气 chance r luck, especially in the way it affects peple’s lives：frtune ckiesIn China, children are given mney in a red envelpe t bring gd frtune in the New Year. 2012 安徽 [C] & [U] 时运；命运：tell sb’s frtune In Chinese flklre the bat is a symbl f gd frtune. [C]（大量）财产；大笔的钱 a large amunt f mney：make a / ne’s frtunea small frtune (= a quite large frtune)He inherited a large frtune frm his late father.
金钱的“命运”— 财运
命运frtune（基本义）
（大量） 财产； 大笔的钱
frtune 语义网络图
frtune 的同族词
frtunefrtunatefrtunatelyunfrtunateunfrtunatelymisfrtune
如果有勇气承认错误，那么所犯的错误也是可以被原谅的。 ——李小龙
李小龙（1940 -1973），师承叶问，出生于美国，祖籍中国广东佛山。功夫片的开创者和截拳道创始人、华人武打电影演员，中国功夫首位全球推广者、好莱坞首位华人主角。
vt [正式用语] 容许……进入 t allw sb / sth t enter a place： My sn will be admitted t / int the cmpany this year. vt [正式用语] 接纳；招收 t allw sb t becme a member f a club, a schl, etc.： Patients must be certified befre they can be admitted t thehspital. I cried in the end and I’m ashamed t admit it.
注：在日常生活中，人们通常说let sb in而不是admit sb
admit 的词源义是“允许进入（let in）”，在此基础上衍生出各层释义。
vt & vi 承认 t agree, ften unwillingly, that sth is true：We admit that we are nw desperate fr a gd frtune. Few peple will admit (t) being racially prejudiced. vt & vi 供认 t say that yu have dne sth wrng r illegal：There cmes a pint when any reasnable man will swallw his pride and admit that he made a mistake. She admitted (t) having stlen / stealing the car.
[U] & [C] 接纳；进入权；准许入会 / 学： Admissin by ticket.Russia has lng been wrking t gain admissin t the WTO.the university admissins plicy / ffice
[C] [常作单数] 承认；供认：an admissin f a mistake / failure
admissin n
[U] 入场费：admissin charges / prices
admittedly adv [句子副词] 诚然；不可否认地：Admittedly, it is rather expensive, but yu dn’t need t use much.
admit 语义网络图
admit容许……进入（基本义）
“容许”事情“进入”内心
“容许”人“进入”组织或机构
“容许”物体“进入”某地
“容许”自己做错了的事“进入”公众视野
接纳；准许入会 / 学；入场费
3. ccur vi [正式用语] 发生 t happen: Such events ccur nly when the external cnditins are favrable. 出现；存在 t exist r be fund smewhere： Frsts ften ccur in late Nvember. If this des nt ccur, yur script displays an errr and exits.ccur t sb 浮现于脑中；被想起：① it ccurs t sb t d sth:It ccurred t her t phne the plice. ② it ccurs t sb + that 从句:Nt nce did it ccur t Michael that he culd ne day becme a tp student in his class. 2013 湖南
[C] 发生的事情:everyday ccurrences [U] 发生；出现
► ccurrence n
根据所给汉语，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
Majr earthquakes like this ften _______________（发生）.
辨析ccur, happen, take place
相同点：① 三者都可指“发生”。 ② 三者都是不及物动词，都无被动。不同点：ccur 指“发生”时可与happen换用，但ccur较为正式。 Byrs says this is extremely wrrying as mre rain and mre fld is sure t ccur. happen 主要用于偶然或突发性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。An unexpected accident can happen everywhere in the crwded street. take place 主要指按计划进行或发生，可指发生好事或不好的事。The cnference will take place n the fifth f next mnth.
魁地奇比赛中的找球手seeker
在哈利波特的魔法世界中，最受欢迎的运动莫过于魁地奇比赛（Quidditch）。找球手seeker在比赛中起着极为重要的作用，他们负责抓取金色飞贼（the glden snitch），往往能使自己的球队反败为胜。
seek (sught, sught) v [正式用语或书面用语]
vt & vi 寻找 t lk fr sb / sth：
We sught fr a place t shelter frm the heavy rain, but in despair.
seek jbs / wrk / emplyment
根据seek的基本义t lk fr，猜猜下列句子中seek的意思。
1. A cmpany whse prfits frm hme markets are declining may seek pprtunities abrad. 2. I cannt cnclude, it can nt g t seek answers.3. If yu want t be understd, yu must first seek t understand thers.
寻求 口语 try t find / get
征求 口语 ask fr
试图 / 企图 口语 try t d
seek ut 找出；找到 ：We must seek ut a slutin t the prblem.
play hide-and-seek 玩捉迷藏
seeker n [C] 寻找者；追求者：a jb / an attentin seeker
earn pcket mney
earn v vt & vi 赚得；挣得：earn a schlarship earn mney / an incme / a frtune My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by selling the fish. 2018 全国 vt 博得；赢得：He earned praise fr hnesty. earn a / ne’s living 谋生：First yu shuld cnsider hw t equip yurself t earn a living. ► earnings n [C]［复数］薪水；工资► earner n [C] 赚钱者
玩游戏的时候，你曾为“挑选”角色苦恼过吗？“挑选”又如何表达呢？
读下面的句子，体会chse和select的区别：
Whatever system yu chse, it must be run in prperly. She had t chse between giving up her jb r hiring a nanny. Summer Activities Students shuld read the list with their parents, and select tw activities they wuld like t d. 2018 全国 Select smething arund yu that yu share with the ther persn. 2015 安徽
In everyday English, peple usually say chse rather than select.
vt（经过认真思考而）挑选；精选 t chse sb / sth, usually carefully, frm a number f similar things：He selected a new brand mbile phne fr his persnal use.① select sb / sth fr sth:He had hpes f being selected fr the natinal basketball team. ② select sb / sth as sth:In 2019, Tu Yuyu was selected by the BBC as ne f the mst influential figures f science in the 20th century.③ select sb / sth t d sth:Jacksn is the nly student in my class wh has been selected t take part in the Internatinal Physics Cntest.
辨 select, chse, pick 三者都有“选择”之意。select 指“精选”，是基于要求从同类的许多事物或人中仔细辨别后选出最合适的。select比chse更正式。chse 指挑选自己喜欢的人或物；决定或更喜欢做某事。chse 泛指选择，可不带宾语。Yu chse — I can’t decide. pick 指从一群人或一组事物中选出一个或一些，可泛指选择，口语用词。
chse t d can’t chse but d sthchse frm pick ut pick ne’s wrds
selective adj 慎重选择的；精挑细选的selectin n [U] & [C] 可选之人或物；选集：make a selectin Selectins Frm Charles Dickens《狄更斯选集》
新闻里经常报道某个国家的某个城市发生了炸弹袭击，而某个人或某个组织“声称”对该起恐袭事件负责，其中的“声称；宣称”就用claim表示。
7. claim
新闻中还常有天灾人祸的报道，往往会提及“……夺去了多少人的生命”，这时往往用“灾难或冲突等 + claim + life / lives”表达。
当认为自己有合法权利提出某项要求时可以用claim。比如，当网购的物品有损坏而要求退款（claim the mney back fr damages）；汽车因刮蹭向投保的保险公司索赔（claim n the insurance）；认领丢失的财物（claim lst prperty）等等。
claim v vi 声称；宣称 t say that sth is true, withut having any prf: The situatin remains cnfused as bth sides claim success.① claim t be / d sth:The US culd claim t be bth a military and an ecnmic superpwer. ② claim + (that) 从句：While sme peple claim that that they can predict the future, there is n scientific basis behind it. vt & vi（根据权利）要求；索要；认领 t ask fr sth because yu think it’s yur legal right t have it：Yu can claim back the tax n yur purchases. Yu can claim n yur insurance fr that cat yu left n the train.
vt [尤用于新闻报道] 夺去（生命）t cause sb’s death：Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisc earthquake. 人教新必修③ –3n [C] 声称；断言：I make n claim t understand mdern art.（对事物的）权利；所有权：Nw the man wh bught the claim hired an engineer t examine the rck structure f the mine. 要求；索赔：Yu can make a claim n insurance plicy.
你玩过密室脱逃（Rm Escape）吗？试想一下自己被困在一间门被锁上的房间里，在规定的时间内，必须依靠各种细节进行推理，再加上各种道具的配合才能把里面的每一扇门都打开，最终实现“逃”出去。是不是很有意思？这个游戏也恰恰说明了“escape”这个词最核心的意义：（从……）逃走。
escape 的基本义:（从……）逃走
escape(逃脱):脱掉身上的斗篷得以逃脱。在古代欧洲的战场上，被击败的战士为了保命，往往会使出“金蝉脱壳”的招数，在被敌人抓住斗篷时脱掉斗篷而摆脱敌人，或在被敌人追赶时主动脱掉斗篷，趁敌人去捡斗篷时赶紧逃掉。因为在古代，一件斗篷算是不菲的财产，有钱人才穿得起。英语单词 escape（逃脱）就跟古人脱掉斗篷保命的做法有关。它由 ex(ut f)+ cappa(cape斗篷)构成，字面意思就是“脱掉斗篷”。因此，英语单词 escape 可以按以下方式记忆其拼写：escape = es (= ex, ut f脱掉)+ cape (斗篷)。
vi 逃走；逃跑：Yasin had seriusly hurt himself while trying t escape frm the plice. vt & vi 逃避；摆脱：escape sb’s attentin / ntice He narrwly escaped death in the 2008 Wenchuan big earthquake. The suthern part f Yunnan is the best district f China t escape the cld winter. 人教新必修③ –3escape ding sth: He tried t escape being punished by diving int a river. vi & vt [不用于被动语态] 被忘掉： She desn’t lk familiar, and her name escapes me (= I can’t remember her name). vi（气体、液体等）泄漏：A small hle allwed smke t escape frm the tp. 2010 福建
[C] & [U] 逃跑；逃脱；逃避：make ne’s escapeDid he have a narrw escape frm the big fire?The practices were an escape frm my trubles and depressin. [C] 泄漏；出口:Can yu smell an escape f gas in the kitchen?a fire escape
escape 语义网络图
气体 / 液体从容器中“逃走”
从抽象的困境中“逃走”
从被围困的地方“逃走”
电脑键盘上的“Esc键”你经常用吗？其实，Esc键就是英语escape的缩写，这个按键也叫做escape key，起到退出或取消的功能。想一想Esc键和“逃走”有什么联系？
vt & vi 折叠；折起来；合拢：fld the paper in half fld ne’s armsfld an umbrellaThe flying vehicle has fur wings that fld up s it can be driven like a car. 2017 全国改 vt 包；裹：fld a baby in a blanket
将布料等“折叠”起来包裹人或物
9. fld v
n [C] 褶；褶痕：flds f a dress Cut the paper alng the fld.► flding adj［只用于名词前］可折叠的： a flding bike
cllect v vt 收集；采集 (gather)：cllect data / evidence / infrmatin vt 收藏：Stamp cllectrs usually cllect stamps nly frm certain cuntries r regins. 2012 江西 vi & vt 募集；收取（租金、税等）： Meanwhile, Mr Belnap was reaching ut t friends t cllect mney. vi & vt 积聚 (accumulate)；聚集 (gather)：We shuld cllect sft drink cans t prtect the envirnment.A crwd began t cllect in frnt f the embassy. vt 取走（某物）；接走（某人）(pick up)：After the rubbish is srted, it needs t be cllected and then taken t the recycling center.
cl- (tgether 一起) + lect (t gather 收集) → 收集到一起 → 收集（基本义）
cllectin n (cllect + -in)
[U] 收集；采集； [U] & [C] 收取：The painting cmes frm his private cllectin.rubbish cllectin [C] （故事、诗歌、音乐等的）集子；专辑： a cllectin f shrt stries and pems [C] （常指同类的）收集物；收藏品： a stamp / cin cllectin [C] 募捐；募集的钱：a cllectin fr the pr a cllectin bx [C] 一批物品；一群人：a cllectin f interesting peple My father has a cllectin f 80,000 bks and 90 kinds f magazines t which I return every nw and then.
cllect & cllectin 语义网络图
(常指同类的)收集物；收藏品
收集cllect基本义
取走（某物）； 接走（某人）
募集；收取（租金、税等）
“收集”同一类物品并保存
“收集”捐款、租金、税金等
“收集”分散的东西或人使集中
“收集”物或人并将其带走
(故事、诗歌、音乐等的)集子；专辑
温和的； 温柔的：He has t mild a nature t get angry, even if he gd cause.（天气）温暖的；暖和的 反 cld：He prefers t live in a mild winter. 轻微的； 不严重的 (slight)： mild sunburn He lked at her in mild surprise. I’ve had ccasinal mild headaches all my life. 味淡的； 不浓的 反 ht：mild cheese
11. mild adj
人性格、态度“温和的”
(天气)温暖的；暖和的
温和的mild（基本义）
猜猜settle的释义♣Remember that everything can be settled by discussin.♣I’m glad t learn that yu’ve settled dwn in Bstn and are getting used t the lcal way f life.♣They settled in at a cmfrtable East Side cafe and within minutes, anther custmer was appraching their table.
vi & vt 坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置 t get int r put sb int a cmfrtable psitin：She settled herself int her chair and started t read. vi & vt（移民、殖民）定居（于）t make a place yur permanent hme：She had decided t settle permanently in France since then. vi & vt 对某事达成一致意见；解决:They agreed t try t settle their argument / dispute by negtiatin. vt [常用于被动语态] 确定；决定： It was settled that they wuld get married in June.
settle v 词源义 cme t rest
1. This shuld settle yur stmach. 2. A butterfly settled n a red flwer in the garden. 3. Back in the htel where we stayed, the silence had settled ver the waiting crwd.4. An uneasy calm has settled ver Ls Angeles.5. The huse had been empty fr years, and dust had settled n all the furniture.
根据settle的基本义cme t rest，猜猜下列句子中settle的意思。
停止移动、定下来settle基本义
对某事达成一致意见；解决
坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置
计划、安排、行程等定下来
(使)平静；(使)安定
settle语义网络图
settle dwn 舒适地坐下 / 躺下：They put up the tent, and settled dwn t eat the sandwiches. 2009 江西 安顿下来；安定下来：He hped t get married and settle dwn in the cuntryside.（使 ）安静；（使 ）平静：She didn’t start the lessn until the pupils settled dwn.settle (dwn) t 开始专心于；着手认真做：Sme yung peple culdn’t settle dwn t their wn business.settle fr 勉强接受；将就： She culdn’t affrd the huse she really wanted, s she had t settle fr secnd best.
settlement n [C] 定居点 [U] 移民；殖民；开拓：the settlement f the American West [C] 协议：cme t / reach a peace settlement with [U] 解决；处理： the settlement f an issuesettler n [C] 移居者；殖民者
13. material n. 基本义——材料 [C] & [U] [常用复数] 材料；原料：reading / teaching materials Try anther jb. Yu are nt really dctr material at all. [C] & [U] 布料：The curtain material is machined in a factry. [U] 素材：In my versin f the stry, I added sme new material. adj [只用于名词前] 物质的；物质上的词汇拓展 materially adv 物质上
business suit
swimming suit
suit 词源义是“跟随的一群人”，后指配备给随从的统一的制服，最后演变成现在的套装、西服。
n [C]（一套）衣服：a business / swimming suitvt（服装、颜色等）适合；对（某人）方便；中……的意：I fund an evening dress that suited me perfectly.If we meet at 9 a.m., wuld that suit yu?There is Chinese fd t suit everyne’s taste, with traditinal dishes frm all ver China. 人教新必修③ –3suit ... t 使……适合：A gd teacher suits his lessn t the age f his pupils.► suited adj［不用于名词前，与 fr / t连用］适合的：be best suited t / fr
suit, fit, match 辨析三者都可用作动词，有“适合”之意。 suit 主要指服装款式、颜色或花样等适合，也可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、身份等。If we met at 2:00 in the afternn, wuld that suit yu? I dn’t knw what prfessin wuld suit me. Very spicy fd desn’t suit my stmach. fit 多指大小、形状等合适，引申为“一致”“吻合”。The cat she bught yesterday fits (her) exactly. His talents are limited, and scarcely fit him fr this pst.match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等相匹配、协调。The curtains and the carpets match perfectly.Will yu match me this clth?
衣服穿在身上漂亮用suit，穿在身上不大不小用fit，协调、匹配用match
这里的 item 指的是“新闻”“报道”的意思，平时我们在阅读英语原版文章时，这两个国外网站，也可以供我们选择。读书破万卷，下笔如有神。外刊文章读多了，写出的文章自然也会非常地道。
item n [C]（表格、目录、数据等的）项目；细目：Yu have t chse the crrect categry fr this item. 一件商品 / 物品：Then slwly, he culd pint t an item and say a wrd. 一条 / 一则（新闻）：The jb picture is a news item that gets a lt f attentin.
cntain 由cn-(tgether 共同)+tain (t hld 握，持) 构成，共同持有 → 包含
cntain vt 包含；容纳；含有：Sme plants and animals cntain natural pisns that are harmful t peple. 2010 广东The prblem was that the exhaust gases cntain a lt f txins. 抑制；控制：She insists the ntebks cntain a great wrk f literature and must be published.We must be ready t respnd quickly t cntain any utbreak.词汇拓展cntainer n [C] 器皿；容器；集装箱
说出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1. While the reprter suffered head injury, he still wanted t head t the war zne (地带) t reprt the situatin. __ ___2. Lintn stpped crying, and lifted his great blue eyes t eye the man. ________3. The girl almst lst her cnfidence because f a back injury, but her parents backed her up and encuraged her t cheer up. __________4. The bk was handed in frm ne pupil t anther until it reached the teacher’s hands. __________5. The pliceman patted his sn n the shulder, saying “Yu shuld shulder the respnsibility f yur mistakes.” __________
英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。例如，表示身体部分的名词常可转化为动词。
必修 B3U1 — U3隐喻典型词
做……事的料 / 当……的料
中国传统文化中的“福”怎么表达？
“福”所对应的英文是 gd frtune，直译过来就是“好运气”。
古今中外均不乏“算命的人”，在英语中这样的人被称为 frtune teller。
福尔图娜（Frtuna）是罗马神话中的命运女神。她主管人和国家的命运。她的形象一般为一手执羊角，象征丰饶和财富，一手执车轮，象征命运的变迁兴衰。英语单词frtune就源自幸运女神的名字Frtuna。习语 wheel f frtune 字面意思是“幸运女神的车轮”，比喻命运或人生的变迁。
“世界500强”是中国人对美国《财富》(Frtune) 杂志每年评选的“全球最大五百家公司”排行榜的一种约定俗成的叫法。公司盈利多是跻身世界500强的先决条件，而frtune有“（大量）财产；大笔钱”的含义，这也是用Frtune 500来表达世界500强的原因。
[U] 机遇；运气 chance r luck, especially in the way it affects peple’s lives：frtune ckiesIn China, children are given mney in a red envelpe t bring gd frtune in the New Year. 2012 安徽 [C] & [U] 时运；命运：tell sb’s frtune In Chinese flklre the bat is a symbl f gd frtune. [C]（大量）财产；大笔的钱 a large amunt f mney：make a / ne’s frtunea small frtune (= a quite large frtune)He inherited a large frtune frm his late father.
金钱的“命运”— 财运
命运frtune（基本义）
（大量） 财产； 大笔的钱
frtune 语义网络图
frtune 的同族词
frtunefrtunatefrtunatelyunfrtunateunfrtunatelymisfrtune
如果有勇气承认错误，那么所犯的错误也是可以被原谅的。 ——李小龙
李小龙（1940 -1973），师承叶问，出生于美国，祖籍中国广东佛山。功夫片的开创者和截拳道创始人、华人武打电影演员，中国功夫首位全球推广者、好莱坞首位华人主角。
vt [正式用语] 容许……进入 t allw sb / sth t enter a place： My sn will be admitted t / int the cmpany this year. vt [正式用语] 接纳；招收 t allw sb t becme a member f a club, a schl, etc.： Patients must be certified befre they can be admitted t thehspital. I cried in the end and I’m ashamed t admit it.
注：在日常生活中，人们通常说let sb in而不是admit sb
admit 的词源义是“允许进入（let in）”，在此基础上衍生出各层释义。
vt & vi 承认 t agree, ften unwillingly, that sth is true：We admit that we are nw desperate fr a gd frtune. Few peple will admit (t) being racially prejudiced. vt & vi 供认 t say that yu have dne sth wrng r illegal：There cmes a pint when any reasnable man will swallw his pride and admit that he made a mistake. She admitted (t) having stlen / stealing the car.
[U] & [C] 接纳；进入权；准许入会 / 学： Admissin by ticket.Russia has lng been wrking t gain admissin t the WTO.the university admissins plicy / ffice
[C] [常作单数] 承认；供认：an admissin f a mistake / failure
admissin n
[U] 入场费：admissin charges / prices
admittedly adv [句子副词] 诚然；不可否认地：Admittedly, it is rather expensive, but yu dn’t need t use much.
admit 语义网络图
admit容许……进入（基本义）
“容许”事情“进入”内心
“容许”人“进入”组织或机构
“容许”物体“进入”某地
“容许”自己做错了的事“进入”公众视野
接纳；准许入会 / 学；入场费
3. ccur vi [正式用语] 发生 t happen: Such events ccur nly when the external cnditins are favrable. 出现；存在 t exist r be fund smewhere： Frsts ften ccur in late Nvember. If this des nt ccur, yur script displays an errr and exits.ccur t sb 浮现于脑中；被想起：① it ccurs t sb t d sth:It ccurred t her t phne the plice. ② it ccurs t sb + that 从句:Nt nce did it ccur t Michael that he culd ne day becme a tp student in his class. 2013 湖南
[C] 发生的事情:everyday ccurrences [U] 发生；出现
► ccurrence n
根据所给汉语，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
Majr earthquakes like this ften _______________（发生）.
辨析ccur, happen, take place
相同点：① 三者都可指“发生”。 ② 三者都是不及物动词，都无被动。不同点：ccur 指“发生”时可与happen换用，但ccur较为正式。 Byrs says this is extremely wrrying as mre rain and mre fld is sure t ccur. happen 主要用于偶然或突发性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。An unexpected accident can happen everywhere in the crwded street. take place 主要指按计划进行或发生，可指发生好事或不好的事。The cnference will take place n the fifth f next mnth.
魁地奇比赛中的找球手seeker
在哈利波特的魔法世界中，最受欢迎的运动莫过于魁地奇比赛（Quidditch）。找球手seeker在比赛中起着极为重要的作用，他们负责抓取金色飞贼（the glden snitch），往往能使自己的球队反败为胜。
seek (sught, sught) v [正式用语或书面用语]
vt & vi 寻找 t lk fr sb / sth：
We sught fr a place t shelter frm the heavy rain, but in despair.
seek jbs / wrk / emplyment
根据seek的基本义t lk fr，猜猜下列句子中seek的意思。
1. A cmpany whse prfits frm hme markets are declining may seek pprtunities abrad. 2. I cannt cnclude, it can nt g t seek answers.3. If yu want t be understd, yu must first seek t understand thers.
寻求 口语 try t find / get
征求 口语 ask fr
试图 / 企图 口语 try t d
seek ut 找出；找到 ：We must seek ut a slutin t the prblem.
play hide-and-seek 玩捉迷藏
seeker n [C] 寻找者；追求者：a jb / an attentin seeker
earn pcket mney
earn v vt & vi 赚得；挣得：earn a schlarship earn mney / an incme / a frtune My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by selling the fish. 2018 全国 vt 博得；赢得：He earned praise fr hnesty. earn a / ne’s living 谋生：First yu shuld cnsider hw t equip yurself t earn a living. ► earnings n [C]［复数］薪水；工资► earner n [C] 赚钱者
玩游戏的时候，你曾为“挑选”角色苦恼过吗？“挑选”又如何表达呢？
读下面的句子，体会chse和select的区别：
Whatever system yu chse, it must be run in prperly. She had t chse between giving up her jb r hiring a nanny. Summer Activities Students shuld read the list with their parents, and select tw activities they wuld like t d. 2018 全国 Select smething arund yu that yu share with the ther persn. 2015 安徽
In everyday English, peple usually say chse rather than select.
vt（经过认真思考而）挑选；精选 t chse sb / sth, usually carefully, frm a number f similar things：He selected a new brand mbile phne fr his persnal use.① select sb / sth fr sth:He had hpes f being selected fr the natinal basketball team. ② select sb / sth as sth:In 2019, Tu Yuyu was selected by the BBC as ne f the mst influential figures f science in the 20th century.③ select sb / sth t d sth:Jacksn is the nly student in my class wh has been selected t take part in the Internatinal Physics Cntest.
辨 select, chse, pick 三者都有“选择”之意。select 指“精选”，是基于要求从同类的许多事物或人中仔细辨别后选出最合适的。select比chse更正式。chse 指挑选自己喜欢的人或物；决定或更喜欢做某事。chse 泛指选择，可不带宾语。Yu chse — I can’t decide. pick 指从一群人或一组事物中选出一个或一些，可泛指选择，口语用词。
chse t d can’t chse but d sthchse frm pick ut pick ne’s wrds
selective adj 慎重选择的；精挑细选的selectin n [U] & [C] 可选之人或物；选集：make a selectin Selectins Frm Charles Dickens《狄更斯选集》
新闻里经常报道某个国家的某个城市发生了炸弹袭击，而某个人或某个组织“声称”对该起恐袭事件负责，其中的“声称；宣称”就用claim表示。
7. claim
新闻中还常有天灾人祸的报道，往往会提及“……夺去了多少人的生命”，这时往往用“灾难或冲突等 + claim + life / lives”表达。
当认为自己有合法权利提出某项要求时可以用claim。比如，当网购的物品有损坏而要求退款（claim the mney back fr damages）；汽车因刮蹭向投保的保险公司索赔（claim n the insurance）；认领丢失的财物（claim lst prperty）等等。
claim v vi 声称；宣称 t say that sth is true, withut having any prf: The situatin remains cnfused as bth sides claim success.① claim t be / d sth:The US culd claim t be bth a military and an ecnmic superpwer. ② claim + (that) 从句：While sme peple claim that that they can predict the future, there is n scientific basis behind it. vt & vi（根据权利）要求；索要；认领 t ask fr sth because yu think it’s yur legal right t have it：Yu can claim back the tax n yur purchases. Yu can claim n yur insurance fr that cat yu left n the train.
vt [尤用于新闻报道] 夺去（生命）t cause sb’s death：Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisc earthquake. 人教新必修③ –3n [C] 声称；断言：I make n claim t understand mdern art.（对事物的）权利；所有权：Nw the man wh bught the claim hired an engineer t examine the rck structure f the mine. 要求；索赔：Yu can make a claim n insurance plicy.
你玩过密室脱逃（Rm Escape）吗？试想一下自己被困在一间门被锁上的房间里，在规定的时间内，必须依靠各种细节进行推理，再加上各种道具的配合才能把里面的每一扇门都打开，最终实现“逃”出去。是不是很有意思？这个游戏也恰恰说明了“escape”这个词最核心的意义：（从……）逃走。
escape 的基本义:（从……）逃走
escape(逃脱):脱掉身上的斗篷得以逃脱。在古代欧洲的战场上，被击败的战士为了保命，往往会使出“金蝉脱壳”的招数，在被敌人抓住斗篷时脱掉斗篷而摆脱敌人，或在被敌人追赶时主动脱掉斗篷，趁敌人去捡斗篷时赶紧逃掉。因为在古代，一件斗篷算是不菲的财产，有钱人才穿得起。英语单词 escape（逃脱）就跟古人脱掉斗篷保命的做法有关。它由 ex(ut f)+ cappa(cape斗篷)构成，字面意思就是“脱掉斗篷”。因此，英语单词 escape 可以按以下方式记忆其拼写：escape = es (= ex, ut f脱掉)+ cape (斗篷)。
vi 逃走；逃跑：Yasin had seriusly hurt himself while trying t escape frm the plice. vt & vi 逃避；摆脱：escape sb’s attentin / ntice He narrwly escaped death in the 2008 Wenchuan big earthquake. The suthern part f Yunnan is the best district f China t escape the cld winter. 人教新必修③ –3escape ding sth: He tried t escape being punished by diving int a river. vi & vt [不用于被动语态] 被忘掉： She desn’t lk familiar, and her name escapes me (= I can’t remember her name). vi（气体、液体等）泄漏：A small hle allwed smke t escape frm the tp. 2010 福建
[C] & [U] 逃跑；逃脱；逃避：make ne’s escapeDid he have a narrw escape frm the big fire?The practices were an escape frm my trubles and depressin. [C] 泄漏；出口:Can yu smell an escape f gas in the kitchen?a fire escape
escape 语义网络图
气体 / 液体从容器中“逃走”
从抽象的困境中“逃走”
从被围困的地方“逃走”
电脑键盘上的“Esc键”你经常用吗？其实，Esc键就是英语escape的缩写，这个按键也叫做escape key，起到退出或取消的功能。想一想Esc键和“逃走”有什么联系？
vt & vi 折叠；折起来；合拢：fld the paper in half fld ne’s armsfld an umbrellaThe flying vehicle has fur wings that fld up s it can be driven like a car. 2017 全国改 vt 包；裹：fld a baby in a blanket
将布料等“折叠”起来包裹人或物
9. fld v
n [C] 褶；褶痕：flds f a dress Cut the paper alng the fld.► flding adj［只用于名词前］可折叠的： a flding bike
cllect v vt 收集；采集 (gather)：cllect data / evidence / infrmatin vt 收藏：Stamp cllectrs usually cllect stamps nly frm certain cuntries r regins. 2012 江西 vi & vt 募集；收取（租金、税等）： Meanwhile, Mr Belnap was reaching ut t friends t cllect mney. vi & vt 积聚 (accumulate)；聚集 (gather)：We shuld cllect sft drink cans t prtect the envirnment.A crwd began t cllect in frnt f the embassy. vt 取走（某物）；接走（某人）(pick up)：After the rubbish is srted, it needs t be cllected and then taken t the recycling center.
cl- (tgether 一起) + lect (t gather 收集) → 收集到一起 → 收集（基本义）
cllectin n (cllect + -in)
[U] 收集；采集； [U] & [C] 收取：The painting cmes frm his private cllectin.rubbish cllectin [C] （故事、诗歌、音乐等的）集子；专辑： a cllectin f shrt stries and pems [C] （常指同类的）收集物；收藏品： a stamp / cin cllectin [C] 募捐；募集的钱：a cllectin fr the pr a cllectin bx [C] 一批物品；一群人：a cllectin f interesting peple My father has a cllectin f 80,000 bks and 90 kinds f magazines t which I return every nw and then.
cllect & cllectin 语义网络图
(常指同类的)收集物；收藏品
收集cllect基本义
取走（某物）； 接走（某人）
募集；收取（租金、税等）
“收集”同一类物品并保存
“收集”捐款、租金、税金等
“收集”分散的东西或人使集中
“收集”物或人并将其带走
(故事、诗歌、音乐等的)集子；专辑
温和的； 温柔的：He has t mild a nature t get angry, even if he gd cause.（天气）温暖的；暖和的 反 cld：He prefers t live in a mild winter. 轻微的； 不严重的 (slight)： mild sunburn He lked at her in mild surprise. I’ve had ccasinal mild headaches all my life. 味淡的； 不浓的 反 ht：mild cheese
11. mild adj
人性格、态度“温和的”
(天气)温暖的；暖和的
温和的mild（基本义）
猜猜settle的释义♣Remember that everything can be settled by discussin.♣I’m glad t learn that yu’ve settled dwn in Bstn and are getting used t the lcal way f life.♣They settled in at a cmfrtable East Side cafe and within minutes, anther custmer was appraching their table.
vi & vt 坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置 t get int r put sb int a cmfrtable psitin：She settled herself int her chair and started t read. vi & vt（移民、殖民）定居（于）t make a place yur permanent hme：She had decided t settle permanently in France since then. vi & vt 对某事达成一致意见；解决:They agreed t try t settle their argument / dispute by negtiatin. vt [常用于被动语态] 确定；决定： It was settled that they wuld get married in June.
settle v 词源义 cme t rest
1. This shuld settle yur stmach. 2. A butterfly settled n a red flwer in the garden. 3. Back in the htel where we stayed, the silence had settled ver the waiting crwd.4. An uneasy calm has settled ver Ls Angeles.5. The huse had been empty fr years, and dust had settled n all the furniture.
根据settle的基本义cme t rest，猜猜下列句子中settle的意思。
停止移动、定下来settle基本义
对某事达成一致意见；解决
坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置
计划、安排、行程等定下来
(使)平静；(使)安定
settle语义网络图
settle dwn 舒适地坐下 / 躺下：They put up the tent, and settled dwn t eat the sandwiches. 2009 江西 安顿下来；安定下来：He hped t get married and settle dwn in the cuntryside.（使 ）安静；（使 ）平静：She didn’t start the lessn until the pupils settled dwn.settle (dwn) t 开始专心于；着手认真做：Sme yung peple culdn’t settle dwn t their wn business.settle fr 勉强接受；将就： She culdn’t affrd the huse she really wanted, s she had t settle fr secnd best.
settlement n [C] 定居点 [U] 移民；殖民；开拓：the settlement f the American West [C] 协议：cme t / reach a peace settlement with [U] 解决；处理： the settlement f an issuesettler n [C] 移居者；殖民者
13. material n. 基本义——材料 [C] & [U] [常用复数] 材料；原料：reading / teaching materials Try anther jb. Yu are nt really dctr material at all. [C] & [U] 布料：The curtain material is machined in a factry. [U] 素材：In my versin f the stry, I added sme new material. adj [只用于名词前] 物质的；物质上的词汇拓展 materially adv 物质上
business suit
swimming suit
suit 词源义是“跟随的一群人”，后指配备给随从的统一的制服，最后演变成现在的套装、西服。
n [C]（一套）衣服：a business / swimming suitvt（服装、颜色等）适合；对（某人）方便；中……的意：I fund an evening dress that suited me perfectly.If we meet at 9 a.m., wuld that suit yu?There is Chinese fd t suit everyne’s taste, with traditinal dishes frm all ver China. 人教新必修③ –3suit ... t 使……适合：A gd teacher suits his lessn t the age f his pupils.► suited adj［不用于名词前，与 fr / t连用］适合的：be best suited t / fr
suit, fit, match 辨析三者都可用作动词，有“适合”之意。 suit 主要指服装款式、颜色或花样等适合，也可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、身份等。If we met at 2:00 in the afternn, wuld that suit yu? I dn’t knw what prfessin wuld suit me. Very spicy fd desn’t suit my stmach. fit 多指大小、形状等合适，引申为“一致”“吻合”。The cat she bught yesterday fits (her) exactly. His talents are limited, and scarcely fit him fr this pst.match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等相匹配、协调。The curtains and the carpets match perfectly.Will yu match me this clth?
衣服穿在身上漂亮用suit，穿在身上不大不小用fit，协调、匹配用match
这里的 item 指的是“新闻”“报道”的意思，平时我们在阅读英语原版文章时，这两个国外网站，也可以供我们选择。读书破万卷，下笔如有神。外刊文章读多了，写出的文章自然也会非常地道。
item n [C]（表格、目录、数据等的）项目；细目：Yu have t chse the crrect categry fr this item. 一件商品 / 物品：Then slwly, he culd pint t an item and say a wrd. 一条 / 一则（新闻）：The jb picture is a news item that gets a lt f attentin.
cntain 由cn-(tgether 共同)+tain (t hld 握，持) 构成，共同持有 → 包含
cntain vt 包含；容纳；含有：Sme plants and animals cntain natural pisns that are harmful t peple. 2010 广东The prblem was that the exhaust gases cntain a lt f txins. 抑制；控制：She insists the ntebks cntain a great wrk f literature and must be published.We must be ready t respnd quickly t cntain any utbreak.词汇拓展cntainer n [C] 器皿；容器；集装箱
说出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1. While the reprter suffered head injury, he still wanted t head t the war zne (地带) t reprt the situatin. __ ___2. Lintn stpped crying, and lifted his great blue eyes t eye the man. ________3. The girl almst lst her cnfidence because f a back injury, but her parents backed her up and encuraged her t cheer up. __________4. The bk was handed in frm ne pupil t anther until it reached the teacher’s hands. __________5. The pliceman patted his sn n the shulder, saying “Yu shuld shulder the respnsibility f yur mistakes.” __________
英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。例如，表示身体部分的名词常可转化为动词。
必修 B3U1 — U3隐喻典型词
做……事的料 / 当……的料
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