2020版高考英语新增分大一轮译林（江苏）版渐进写作讲义：StepOne第3讲
展开第3讲 条理分明的状语从句
在复合句中作状语的句子称为状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导，可以放在句首或句末，放在句首时，从句后边一般用逗号与主句隔开；放在句末时，从句前通常不用逗号。
一、常见状语从句的类型及连接词
状语从句 | 连词 |
时间 | when，as，while，(ever)since，before，after，till/until，as soon as，whenever，hardly...when...，no sooner...than...，scarcely...when...，each time，every time，the first time，the last time，by the time，the moment，the minute，the instant，the second，directly，instantly，immediately等 |
地点 | where，wherever |
条件 | if，unless，providing/provided(that)，supposing/suppose (that)，given (that)，as/so long as，on condition that，in case，only if等 |
原因 | because，as，since，now that，for seeing that，considering (that)，in that等 |
让步 | though，although，even if，even though，as，while，whatever，whoever，whenever，wherever，however，no matter＋疑问词， whether...or (not)...等 |
比较 | as，than，the same as，not so...as...，as...as...等 |
方式 | as if/though，as |
目的 | so that，in order that，in case(that)，for fear that等 |
结果 | so that，so...that...，such...that...等 |
(1)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.
我记得上次你参观我们学校时给我展示了关于那个主题的一些照片。(2016·全国Ⅱ)
(2)John thinks it won’t be long before he is ready for his new job.
约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。
(3)We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.
我们做得如此好，所以被邀请去和全校学生交流想法和经验。(2016·北京)
(4)The social media companies should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early，or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.
社交媒体公司要么更好地监控他们的网站，这样孩子们就不会过早地注册，要么调整自己的网站以适应年轻用户的需求。(2018·江苏)
即时训练1 用状语从句完成句子 1.如果你对中国的民间艺术感兴趣，请给我发邮件。(2017·全国Ⅱ) If you’re interested in the Chinese folk art，please e-mail me. 2.我对这份工作特别感兴趣，因为我想进一步提高我的英语口语能力。(2018·浙江) I’m particularly interested in this job because I want to further improve my oral English capabilities. 3.每当我们购物的时候，都要对这些评级作出三思。(2018·江苏) We should give a second thought to these ratings whenever we go shopping. |
二、状语从句的常见句型
状语从句是英语写作中常用的从句之一，所以必须学会熟练运用下列常用句型。
1.as soon as/the moment/the instant/immediately/directly/instantly一……就……
As soon as he heard the news，he jumped with joy.
他一听到这个消息，就高兴地跳了起来。
2.each/every time每次/每当……
Every time I see the old photo，I always think of my school days.
每当我看到这张老照片，我总是想起我的学生时代。
3.the first time第一次……
I thought the cake tasty the first time I ate it.
我第一次尝那种蛋糕就觉得很可口。
4.before在……之前，还没来得及……就……
My classmate had rushed out before I could say a word.我还没来得及说话，我的同学就冲了出去。
5.ever since自从……
Ever since my friend entered high school，his mother has been worrying about his studies.自从我的朋友进入高中，他妈妈就一直担心他的学习。
6.as/so long as只要
In the afternoon，I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride，and he said yes，as long as my dad went with me.到了下午，我问保罗叔叔我能否骑马，他说只要爸爸陪着就可以。(2018·浙江)
7.providing/provided/suppose/supposing (that)...如果/假如……
Suppose she doesn’t want to go with us，what should we do？假如她不想和我们一起去，我们该怎么办？
8.on condition that...在……条件下；如果……
I can lend you my computer on condition that you take good care of it.
只要你好好保管，我可以把电脑借给你用。
9.now that/since因为；既然
Now that everyone is here，let’s begin our class meeting.
既然大家都到了，我们开班会吧。
10.considering that...鉴于；考虑到……
He has made remarkable progress，considering that he only started last week.考虑到他是上周才开始的， 他已经取得了相当大的进步。
11.even if/even though即使；尽管
Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.
尽管，据说一些社交软件要求用户至少13周岁，但它们却在孩子们中间风靡一时。
(2018·江苏)
12.though/although/while虽然；尽管
While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars，policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams，and cut emissions.
虽然目前对于无人驾驶汽车讨论的焦点在它的安全性能上，但政策制定者们也应该讨论无人驾驶汽车如何帮助缓解交通阻塞及削减排放。(2018·北京)
13.疑问词＋-ever/no matter＋疑问词...无论……
However/No matter how far away we are，we both miss each other.
无论我们距离有多远，我们都想念着彼此。
14.whether...or (not)...是……还是……；不管，无论……
Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint，the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant.
无论你在看墙纸还是油漆，你投入其中的时间、精力以及相关费用都是很重要的。
(2018·全国Ⅰ)
15.比较级＋than...比……更……
The new rule worked out better than we had planned.新制度比我们预先计划的效果好。
16.so that以便，目的是；因此
I arrived there very early that morning so that I could catch the early bus.
那天早上我很早到达那里，为的是赶上早班车。
17.in order that为了……
In order that she can receive university education，her parents work hard.
为了使她能接受大学教育， 她的父母辛苦地工作。
18.so/such...that...如此……以至于……
The dough figurine he made was so beautiful that we couldn’t wait to have a try ourselves.
他做的面人如此漂亮， 以至于我们迫不及待地想亲自试一试。(2015·北京)
即时训练2 用状语从句完成句子 1.我第一次去那儿的时候，他们和狗、鸭以及别的动物一起住在一个小房子里。(2018·全国Ⅰ) The first time I went there，they were living in a small house with dogs，ducks，and other animals. 2.我们把手机看得太重要，结果忽视了我们的朋友。 We attach too much importance to our smart phones so that we ignore our friends. 3.无论一个工作多么普通，它都在社会中起一定作用。 No matter how/However ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society. 4.既然你一直对中国文化感兴趣，我认为北京大学对你来说是个理想的地方。(2018·北京) Now that/Since you have long been interested in Chinese culture，I think Beijing University is an ideal place for you. 5.无论我买什么东西，都会参考消费排名。(2018·江苏) I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purchase. |
三、在写作中使用状语从句时的常见错误
1.because和so，although/though和but使用不当(详见“并列句讲解”)
2.介词短语和连词误用
3.the first time和for the first time用法不当
4.有些状语从句的时态错误
5.where引导定语从句和状语从句用法混淆
综合演练
Ⅰ.用状语从句完成句子
1.顺着道走，以免迷路。(2018·浙江)
Keep to the track so that you don’t get lost.
2.每个人，无论是谁，都有心理不平衡。(2018·北京)
Each person，no matter who they are，has psychological imbalances.
3.他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们从未存在过。
They completely ignore these facts as if/as though they never existed.
4.尽管每个人都打得不错， 我们还是输了。
We lost the game，although/though everyone played well.
5.一个人要是不努力，就将一事无成。
Nobody can achieve anything of real significance unless he works very hard.
6.今天我会待在家里直到我女儿下班回家。
I will stay at home until/till my daughter gets home from work today.
7.妈妈让孩子们在她能看到他们的地方玩。
The mother let her children play where she could see them.
8.请明天早上提醒我，以防我忘记。
In case I forget it，please remind me tomorrow morning.
Ⅱ.根据以下内容要点写一篇短文，尽可能多地使用状语从句
假如你是李华，你的朋友杰克发来电子邮件询问你的爱好是什么。请你给他写一封回信，告诉他你的爱好是钓鱼，并向他讲述你的爱好的由来。
参考范文
Dear Jack，
How is everything going recently？I’m writing to tell you about my hobby—fishing.
I started the hobby when I was just five years old.I like fishing because it is really a good hobby.When my father first took me fishing with him，I was very excited.I waited for a long time before the first fish came to my rod.The minute a fish suddenly started pulling on my line，my father asked me to pull up the rod quickly.From fishing，I learn that as long as I have enough patience，fish will come to bite my rod sooner or later.
Now I still go fishing with my father.If you have any hobby，share it with me.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
