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初升高衔接课第五节 定语从句 课件
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这是一份初升高衔接课第五节 定语从句 课件，共34页。PPT课件主要包含了which，which ，when ，for，why，that与which，that，whom，about， in 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词并起定语作用的从句, 叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词, 从句跟在先行词后面。
The wman teacher in red has tw sns.His idl is Zhng Nanshang.He is a great dctr.
定语：修饰，限定名词或代词的成分，翻译为“…的”常见作定语的词：名词，代词，形容词，数词，介词短语等。
分类: 限制性定语从句&非限制性定语从句（两者的区别在于，与先行词之间有无逗号隔开）定语从句的构成方法：关系代词或副词 + 陈述句语序先行词：被从句修饰的名词或代词关系代词: wh, whm, whse, which, that, as等; 关系副词:when, where, why等。关系代词有双重功能, 一方面代表前面所修饰的先行词, 把从句与先行词连接起来; 另一方面引导出从句并在从句中充当某种句子成分。
I bught a bk yesterday.+A bk is very ppular amng yung peple.=
I bught a bk yesterday (that/which is very ppular amng yung peple).定语从句
关系代词指物时只用which不用that的情况
1) 在非限定性定语从句中必须用 which 不能用that。 e.g. The huse, _______I bught, has a lvely garden. 我买的那所房子有一个漂亮的花园。
关系代词指物时只用which不用that的情况
2) 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语并且介词提前至关系代词前时只用which, 但当介词在从句句尾时, 两者皆可。 e.g. This is the questin that/which we’ve had s much discussin abut. = This is the questin abut ______we’ve had s much discussin.
e.g. This is the bk which / that I’m lking fr. This is the bk fr which I’m lking . 这是那本我正在寻找的书。
当关系代词作 lk after, lk fr 等不能拆开使用的及物动词性短语的宾语时, 介词不可以提前。
关系副词 where 指地点, 在从句中作地点状语。e.g. This is the huse where he lived. This is the huse in which he lived. 这是他住的那间房子。
关系副词有时可用 介词 + which 来代替。如上句中where = in which;
关系副词 when 指时间, 在从句中作时间状语。e.g. I’ll never frget the days n ______we played tgether. I’ll never frget the days _____we played tgether. 我将不会忘记我们一起玩耍的日子。
关系副词有时可用 介词 + which 来代替。如上句中when = n which;
关系副词 why 指原因, 在从句中作原因状语。e.g. He explained the reasn _____ he was late. He explained the reasn ____ which he was late. 他解释了他迟到的原因。
关系副词有时可用 介词 + which 来代替。如上句中why= fr which;
1. D yu have anything ___ yu dn’t understand? 你有任何不懂的事吗？
关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况
1）先行词是everything, nthing, anything, smething, much, little, nne等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。
I’ve read all the bks ____ yu lent me.我已经读完你借给我的所有的书。
2)先行词被any, sme, n, much, few, little, every, all, very, nly, last修饰时, 引导定语从句用that。
1. This is the best TV ____ is made in China. 这是中国制造的最棒的电视节目。2. The first museum ____ he visited in China was the Histry Museum. 他在中国参观的第一个博物馆是历史博物馆。
3）先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。
1. The famus writer and his wrks ____ the radi bradcast have arused great interest amng the students. 收音机播放的那位著名作家和他的作品已经引起学生们的兴趣。
4)先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that。
This is the ne ____ yu want.这就是你想要的那个。
5)先行词是the ne时，只能用that。
Wh ____ yu have ever seen can d it better?你曾经见过谁做这件事做的更好？
6)wh做先行词时，引导定语从句用that。
wh&whm1. Xia Wang, with ______ I went t the cncert, enjy it very much. 小王和我去音乐会，都很开心。
在介词后面，只能用whm指人。（指事物用which ）
只用whm不用wh的情况
如何判断介词
1) 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配。This is the bk ___ which yu asked.注意: 动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前。e.g. The ld man whm I am lking after is better. 我正在照顾的那个老人越来越好了。
如何判断介词
2) 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配。Can yu explain t me hw t use these idims ____ which I am nt sure?你能给我解释一下如何使用这些我不确定的习语吗？
be sure abut 确信
3) 根据先行词判断, 所用的介词与先行词搭配。 I remember the day ____ which I jined the League. 我记得我加入联盟的那天。 I remember the mnth ____ which I stayed there. 我记得我待在那里的一个月。
whse 的使用
whse 引导的定语从句表示所属关系。The river ______ banks are cvered with trees flws t the sea. 这条河流向大海，河岸边都是树。
【运用】There are in this class 45 students, ______ are different.A. whse charactersB. the characters f whmC. f whm the characters D. the characters f whse
The earth is rund, _________is knwn t all.___ is knwn t all, the earth is rund.___ is knwn t all that the earth isrund.
定语从句在句首时只能用as, as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的,如as yu see/as we expected
1. It is very useful t master a freign language, _____ has been said befre. 之前已经说过掌握一门外语很有用。2. ___ everyne hped, Mary has wn the first prize. 正如每个人所希望的，玛丽获得了第一。
as引导定语从句可放句首，句中，句末，which 引导定语从句不能放句首。as译为正如，好像, which没有此意。
【运用】根据英语意思翻译句子。This is the same bk as I lst.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。This is the same bk that I lst.这本书就是我丢的那本。
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。 This is such an interesting bk ___ we all like.This is s interesting a bk ___ we all like.先行词受such,s,the same修饰时，常用as.
这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。 This is such an interesting bk ____ we all like it.This is s interesting a bk ____ we all like it.
when, where, why与that, which的区分
1. I’ll never frget the day ____________ we first met in the park.2. I’ll never frget the time __________ I spent with yu.3. I’ll never frget the time __________ was spent with yu.4. This is the museum __________ I visited last year.
when/n which
This is the reasn _____________ I didn’t cme here. 这是我不能来这的原因。 The reasn ___________ she gave was nt true. 她给的原因不对。
why/fr which
which/ that
指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。
定语从句中的动词的单复数
He is the nly ne in his class wh ____ (have) gt the teacher’s praise. 他是班上唯一一个被老师表扬的学生。He is ne f the students in his class wh _____ (have) gt the teacher’s praise. 他是班上被老师表扬的学生之一。
关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的单复数数取决于先行词。
单项选择：1.— D yu like the sng Sha Nian? — Yes. I like the sngs _____ I can sing alng with. A. that B. wh C. what D. whse2. — In difficult times, there are always natinal heres_____ step up and bring peple hpe. A. whm B. which C. wh D. whse3. — Have yu gt ready fr the sccer game? — Yes. I’ve dne everything _____ I can t win the game. A. wh B. that C.which4. — What kind f mvies d yu like? — I prefer mvies _____ give me smething think abut. A. that B. what C. where
由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词并起定语作用的从句, 叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词, 从句跟在先行词后面。
The wman teacher in red has tw sns.His idl is Zhng Nanshang.He is a great dctr.
定语：修饰，限定名词或代词的成分，翻译为“…的”常见作定语的词：名词，代词，形容词，数词，介词短语等。
分类: 限制性定语从句&非限制性定语从句（两者的区别在于，与先行词之间有无逗号隔开）定语从句的构成方法：关系代词或副词 + 陈述句语序先行词：被从句修饰的名词或代词关系代词: wh, whm, whse, which, that, as等; 关系副词:when, where, why等。关系代词有双重功能, 一方面代表前面所修饰的先行词, 把从句与先行词连接起来; 另一方面引导出从句并在从句中充当某种句子成分。
I bught a bk yesterday.+A bk is very ppular amng yung peple.=
I bught a bk yesterday (that/which is very ppular amng yung peple).定语从句
关系代词指物时只用which不用that的情况
1) 在非限定性定语从句中必须用 which 不能用that。 e.g. The huse, _______I bught, has a lvely garden. 我买的那所房子有一个漂亮的花园。
关系代词指物时只用which不用that的情况
2) 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语并且介词提前至关系代词前时只用which, 但当介词在从句句尾时, 两者皆可。 e.g. This is the questin that/which we’ve had s much discussin abut. = This is the questin abut ______we’ve had s much discussin.
e.g. This is the bk which / that I’m lking fr. This is the bk fr which I’m lking . 这是那本我正在寻找的书。
当关系代词作 lk after, lk fr 等不能拆开使用的及物动词性短语的宾语时, 介词不可以提前。
关系副词 where 指地点, 在从句中作地点状语。e.g. This is the huse where he lived. This is the huse in which he lived. 这是他住的那间房子。
关系副词有时可用 介词 + which 来代替。如上句中where = in which;
关系副词 when 指时间, 在从句中作时间状语。e.g. I’ll never frget the days n ______we played tgether. I’ll never frget the days _____we played tgether. 我将不会忘记我们一起玩耍的日子。
关系副词有时可用 介词 + which 来代替。如上句中when = n which;
关系副词 why 指原因, 在从句中作原因状语。e.g. He explained the reasn _____ he was late. He explained the reasn ____ which he was late. 他解释了他迟到的原因。
关系副词有时可用 介词 + which 来代替。如上句中why= fr which;
1. D yu have anything ___ yu dn’t understand? 你有任何不懂的事吗？
关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况
1）先行词是everything, nthing, anything, smething, much, little, nne等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。
I’ve read all the bks ____ yu lent me.我已经读完你借给我的所有的书。
2)先行词被any, sme, n, much, few, little, every, all, very, nly, last修饰时, 引导定语从句用that。
1. This is the best TV ____ is made in China. 这是中国制造的最棒的电视节目。2. The first museum ____ he visited in China was the Histry Museum. 他在中国参观的第一个博物馆是历史博物馆。
3）先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。
1. The famus writer and his wrks ____ the radi bradcast have arused great interest amng the students. 收音机播放的那位著名作家和他的作品已经引起学生们的兴趣。
4)先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that。
This is the ne ____ yu want.这就是你想要的那个。
5)先行词是the ne时，只能用that。
Wh ____ yu have ever seen can d it better?你曾经见过谁做这件事做的更好？
6)wh做先行词时，引导定语从句用that。
wh&whm1. Xia Wang, with ______ I went t the cncert, enjy it very much. 小王和我去音乐会，都很开心。
在介词后面，只能用whm指人。（指事物用which ）
只用whm不用wh的情况
如何判断介词
1) 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配。This is the bk ___ which yu asked.注意: 动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前。e.g. The ld man whm I am lking after is better. 我正在照顾的那个老人越来越好了。
如何判断介词
2) 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配。Can yu explain t me hw t use these idims ____ which I am nt sure?你能给我解释一下如何使用这些我不确定的习语吗？
be sure abut 确信
3) 根据先行词判断, 所用的介词与先行词搭配。 I remember the day ____ which I jined the League. 我记得我加入联盟的那天。 I remember the mnth ____ which I stayed there. 我记得我待在那里的一个月。
whse 的使用
whse 引导的定语从句表示所属关系。The river ______ banks are cvered with trees flws t the sea. 这条河流向大海，河岸边都是树。
【运用】There are in this class 45 students, ______ are different.A. whse charactersB. the characters f whmC. f whm the characters D. the characters f whse
The earth is rund, _________is knwn t all.___ is knwn t all, the earth is rund.___ is knwn t all that the earth isrund.
定语从句在句首时只能用as, as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的,如as yu see/as we expected
1. It is very useful t master a freign language, _____ has been said befre. 之前已经说过掌握一门外语很有用。2. ___ everyne hped, Mary has wn the first prize. 正如每个人所希望的，玛丽获得了第一。
as引导定语从句可放句首，句中，句末，which 引导定语从句不能放句首。as译为正如，好像, which没有此意。
【运用】根据英语意思翻译句子。This is the same bk as I lst.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。This is the same bk that I lst.这本书就是我丢的那本。
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。 This is such an interesting bk ___ we all like.This is s interesting a bk ___ we all like.先行词受such,s,the same修饰时，常用as.
这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。 This is such an interesting bk ____ we all like it.This is s interesting a bk ____ we all like it.
when, where, why与that, which的区分
1. I’ll never frget the day ____________ we first met in the park.2. I’ll never frget the time __________ I spent with yu.3. I’ll never frget the time __________ was spent with yu.4. This is the museum __________ I visited last year.
when/n which
This is the reasn _____________ I didn’t cme here. 这是我不能来这的原因。 The reasn ___________ she gave was nt true. 她给的原因不对。
why/fr which
which/ that
指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。
定语从句中的动词的单复数
He is the nly ne in his class wh ____ (have) gt the teacher’s praise. 他是班上唯一一个被老师表扬的学生。He is ne f the students in his class wh _____ (have) gt the teacher’s praise. 他是班上被老师表扬的学生之一。
关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的单复数数取决于先行词。
单项选择：1.— D yu like the sng Sha Nian? — Yes. I like the sngs _____ I can sing alng with. A. that B. wh C. what D. whse2. — In difficult times, there are always natinal heres_____ step up and bring peple hpe. A. whm B. which C. wh D. whse3. — Have yu gt ready fr the sccer game? — Yes. I’ve dne everything _____ I can t win the game. A. wh B. that C.which4. — What kind f mvies d yu like? — I prefer mvies _____ give me smething think abut. A. that B. what C. where
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