初中英语牛津版 (深圳&广州)七年级下册（2012秋审查）Unit 6 Electricity导学案及答案

Unit 6 Electricity语法篇

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学生学会can、may、must等情态动词的用法

情态动词

情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与动词原形一起构成句子的谓语，给谓语动词添加感情色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能，应该，必要等。另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 

考点一：can，may，must等情态动词在陈述句中的用法： 

1 can的用法： 

1）表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均不可代替它。

如：She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。

I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。 

2）表示许可，常在口语中。

如：You can use my dictionary.  你可以用我的字典。 

3）表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t译为“不可能”。    

如： Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗？ 

—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？ 

—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。 

【例题】

—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.         

—No. She ____ be there, I have just been there.   

2  could的用法：

1）can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。

如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 

2）could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。

如:Could you do me a favor? 你能帮我个忙吗？ 

—Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗? 

—Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答） 

3 may的用法： 

1）表示请求、许可，比can正式，

如：May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗？

You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。 

【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3?

 —Sure. Here you are. 

 A. May   B.Should   C.Must   D. Would 

2）表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。

如：It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢. 

3）may的过去式为might，表示推测时。可能性低于may。

如：He is away from school. He might be sick. 他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。 

4）表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V

如：May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。

May you be happy!祝你幸福！

May you succeed！祝你成功！ 

4 must和have to的用法： 

1）must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”，多用于肯定句或疑问句; have to则表示客观的义务或需要，可用于各种句子和时态

如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。

Must I hand in my homework right now?我必须现在交作业吗？ 

2）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答或don’t have to .

如：—Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗 

3）must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。

如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。

注意：易错点：mustn’t “禁止”，表示“不必要做某事”用“needn’t to do sth”.                     

知识点一：情态动词must用法

例一

—Mum, may I watch TV now?

  —Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first.

1. can       B. may       C. must   D. should

解析：根据题意“妈妈，我能看电视吗？”“可以，但是你应该先完成你的作业”，应该用情态动词should.

答案：D

知识点二：must用法

例二

 —________ I download the article again?

—No, you needn’t.

1. Shall    B. Will     C. Must    D. Can

解析：本题考察must的用法。题目是“我需要再下载一次这个文章吗”，“不，你不需要这样做”。must强调个人主观方面，故应该用must,选择C.

答案：C

知识点三：have to用法

例三

—Can you go skating with us this afternoon?

—Sorry, I can’t. I ________ take care of my little sister at home.

1. can     B. may      C. would   D. have to

解析：本题考察have to用法。题意是“不好意思，我不得不照顾我家里的妹妹”，故应该用have to，故选择D.

答案：D

基础演练

一、选择合适的情态动词填空。

 may   can  may    can   must   can  can't  mustn’t

1. ____ I come in ?

2. I ___ speak a little French.

3. ____I have a look at your pictures ?

4. The child ____ride a bike.

5. The red light is on, so we __ stop.

6. ___ she finish it in three hours ?

7.  I ___drive a car, but I will learn to drive when I grow up

8. You ___ borrow three books at a time.

二、单项选择。

1.（   ）---How is your life?  

        --Although that I live ____ ,but I don’t feel  _____ .

A.alone;alone  B.lonely;lonely  C.alone;lonely  D.lonely;alone

2.（   ）---I’m getting fatter and fatter now. What should I do, doctor?

---You’d better eat ____ food and take _____exercise.

A.less;less    B.more;more     C.more;less    D.less;more

3. (   )The TV is too noisy, Mum! 

--Sorry my dear, I will _______ at once.

A.turn it down   B.turn it on   C.switch it on   D.turn it up

4.（  ）Do you know ______ ?

1. whose book is this  B.whose book this is  C.this book is whose  D.who’s book is

5.（  ）I’m afraid it ____rain tonight.

 A.can  B.could  C.may be  D.might

巩固提高

Electricity

Electricity is very dangerous.  (1)   , it is also very  (2)    in a way.

We  (3)   see electricity, but we can  (4)  it into different  (5)  of energy, （6）  movement energy, heat energy, sound energy,light energy and so  (7)   .

Electricity is a very great  (8)   . It changes our lives.  (9)  it, our lives will be very （10）  .

1. A.Or      B.And        C.But          D.So

2.A.hardlyB.useful C.beautiful D.difficult

3. A.can     B.may        C.may not      D.can’t

4. A.put     B.get         C. turn         D. make

5. A.form    B.from        C.froms        D.forms

6.A.likes    B.such as     C.for example     D.seem

7. A.at      B.in          C.on           D.into

8.A.things     B.invention     C.job        D.discoverment

9. A.Own      B.With       C.No       D.Without

10. A.easy     B.beautiful     C.difficult   D.simple

一、单项选择。

1．  May I stop my car here?    

No, you_＿＿＿.

1. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. don't have to 

2．  Must we clean the house now?   No, you _______.

1. needn't B. may not C. mustn't D. can't 

3．  John _______his father about his failure in the exam.

1. dares not tell B. dares not telling
2. dare not tell D. dares not to tell

4．  You _______return the book now. You can keep it next week if you like.

1. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. may not 

5．  Johnny, you _______play with the knife, you_______ hurt yourself. 

1. won't...can't B. mustn't...may  C. shouldn't, must D. can't...shouldn't

6．  The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _______get out.

1. had to B. would C. could D. was able to

7．  Would you go out for a walk with me?

 No, I_______ . My girl friend is coming. 

1. wouldn't B. shall not C. won't D. shouldn't 

8．  Man_______ die without water.   

1. will B. can C. need D. shall

9．  If he started at 9 0'clock, he_______ be there by now.

1. need B. shall C. ought to D. must 

10．  There was plenty of time. You_____.

A. mustn't hurry B. mustn't have hurried C. needn't hurry D. needn't have hurried

二、单句语法填空(用合适的单词填空)

  1. ---_______ I get up early tomorrow?

    ---No, you needn’t.

  2. ---Have you seen my glasses? I ______ find them.

    ---Sorry, I haven’t seen them.

  3. ---_______ you swim?

   ---Yes, but I’m not a good swimmer.

  4. ---Bob, where is Lily?

    ---She _____ be in the library, but I am not sure.

5. Look at the “No parking” sign. You _______ park your car here.

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一、单项选择。

(    ) 1.--How is your friend coming?
       -- I am not sure. He ____ drive here.
        A. may         B. can          C. must        D. will

(    ) 2. --Must I clean the study now, mom?
        --______ 

      A. No, you mustn’t        B. No, you needn’t        C. No, you shouldn’t

(    ) 3. —Mum, ________ I go out to play?

        —Yes, you can. But you must finish your homework first.

      A. must     B. have to       C. can     D. maybe

(    ) 4. — _______ you use microblog(微博) to post messages?

        —Sorry, I ________.

        A. May;can   B. Must;can’t   C. Can;can’t  D. Can;can

(    ) 5. There’s only one day left(剩下). You _______ finish your school work by tomorrow(明天以前).

        A. can       B. may        C. must      D. could   

(    ) 6. When winter comes, ________ spring be far behind?(冬天来了，春天还会远吗？)

        A. must      B. have to      C. can       D. can’t

(    ) 7. — _______ I swim here?

        —I’m sorry. Children ________ swim alone(单独地) here.

        A. Must;can’t     B. May;must     C. Can;mustn’t    D. Can’t;can

(    ) 8. —Dad, must we wait until(直到) the light becomes green?

        —Yes, I’m afraid we ________. That’s the traffic rule(交通规则).

        A. can        B. may       C. have to        D. could

(    ) 9. People ________ breathe(呼吸) when they are under water.

        A. can’t       B. mustn’t     C. may not       D. don’t have to

(    ) 10. —Do you have any plans for this weekend?

         —I’m not sure. I _______ go climbing Mount Yuntai.

        A. must       B. can’t     C. may       D. mustn’t   

二、阅读理解。

A

Little Tom down the street calls our dog "The keep dog".Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say" Seep", it comes out "keep". And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing things hoem for us to keep! I'll tell you about some of them.

　　Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk.

　　We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(点头)and held my nose. "What do you think it is?"

　　"It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污点) off the shoe. Then he put it at the door to dry."

　　"Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe!" I said."We should take it back."

　　"We can't ".said my sistter.

　　"Maybe little Tom is right," Mary said. "Maybe Zip is a keep dog!"

　　1.The writer and Mary didn't know______.

　　A.what Zip's first present was

　　B.how Zip carried its first present home

　　C.who owned Zip's first present

　　D.what Zip's first present was made of

　　2.Tom calls Zip "the keep dog"because ______.

　　A.the dog likes keeping things

　　B.the dog likes playing with shoes

　　C.he doesn't know the dog's name

　　D.he can't pronounce the word "sheep"well

　　3.What made the shoe strange was ______.

　　A.its colour B.its smell

　　C.its size D.that it was a silk one

　　4.The word "keep"in the last sentence means "_____"

　　A.keeping things for itself

　　B.bringing things for other to keep

　　C.not letting it run about

　　D.taking care of a small child

　　5.We can know from the reading that the dog _____.

　　A. likes to give presents to people

　　B.has been kept in at the writer's home

　　C.has brought some trouble

　　D.likes to be called "the keep dog"

B

An old lady in a plane had a blanket（毯子）over her head and she did not want to take it off . The air hostess spoke to her, but the old lady said, “I have never been in a plane before , and I am frightened. I am going to keep this blanket over my head until we are back on the ground again !”

　　Then the captain came. He said, “Madam, I am the captain of this plane. The weather is fine, there are no clouds in the sky, and everything is going very well. ”But she continued to hide.

　　So the captain turned and started to go back. Then the old lady looked out from under the blanket with one eye and said, “I am sorry, young man, but I don’t like planes and I am never going to fly again. But I’ll say one thing, ”She continued kindly, “You and your wife keep your plane very clean!”

　　1. An old lady had _________ .

　　A. glasses B. a blanket over her head C. a coat D. a basket

　　2. A. She didn’t want to ________ .

　　A. take it off B. turn it off C. get on D. talk about it

　　3. _________ spoke to her .

　　A. The air hostess B. The man next to her C. her husband D. one of her friends

　　4. The old lady had never been _________ before .

　　A. abroad B. home C. in a plane D. in hospital

　　5. The woman didn’t like planes and she was never going ________ .

A. to fly again B. to travel C. to go abroad D. to go home

C

Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife, "I'm going to fly to New York next week because I've got some work there." "Where are you going to stay there?" his wife asked. "I don't know yet." Dick answered. "Please send me your address from there in a telegram (电报)," his wife said. "All right," Dick answered.

　　He flew to New York on January 31st and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.

　　In the evening he didn't have any work, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said, "Now I'm going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner."

　　He found a taxi (出租车) and the driver said, "Where do you want to go?" But Dick didn't remember the name and address of his hotel.

　　"Which hotel are my things in?" he said, "And what am I going to do tonight?" But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram, and in it he wrote, "Please send me my address at this post office."

　　Choose the right answer

　　1. Dick flew to New York because ___.

　　A. he went there for a holiday

　　B. he had work there

　　C. he went there for sightseeing (观光)

　　D. his home was there

　　2. Why did his wife want a telegram from him?

　　A. Because she didn't know his address yet

　　B. Because she wanted to go to New York, too

　　C. Because she might send him another telegram

　　D. Because she couldn't leave her husband by himself in New York

　　3. Where did Dick stay in New York?

　　A. In the center of the city.

　　B. In a hotel.

　　C. In a restaurant.

　　D. At his friend's house.

　　4. Who would send him the name and address of his hotel?

　　A. The manager (经理) of his hotel.

　　B. The police office.

　　C. The taxi driver.

　　D. His wife.

　　5. Which of the following is not true?

　　A. Dick stayed at a nice hotel in the center of the city.

　　B. Dick didn't work on the first night of his arrival.

　　C. Dick forgot to send his wife a telegram.

D. Dick wanted to go back to his hotel in a taxi.

D

In England, people often talk about the weather because they can experience (经历) four seasons in one day. In the morning the weather is warm just like in spring. An hour later black clouds come and then it rains hard. The weather gets a little cold. In the late afternoon the sky will be sunny, the sun will begin to shine, and it will be summer at this time of a day.

　　In England, people can also have summer in winter, or have winter in summer. So in winter they can swim sometimes, and in summer sometimes they should take warm clothes.

　　When you go to England, you will see that some English people usually take an umbrella (伞)or a raincoat with them in the sunny morning, but you should not laugh at them.

　　If you don't take an umbrella or a raincoat, you will regret (后悔) later in the day.

　　1. Why do people in England often talk about the weather?

　　A. Because they may have four seasons in one day

　　B. Because they often have very good weather

　　C. Because the weather is warm just like in spring

　　D. Because the sky is sunny all day

　　2. From the story we know that when _________come, there is a heavy rain.

　　A. sunshine and snow B. black clouds

　　C. summer and winter D. spring and autumn

　　3. "People can also have summer in winter." Means "it is sometimes too ______in winter."

　　A. warm B. cool C. cold D. rainy

　　4. In the sunny morning some English people usually take a raincoat or an umbrella with them because ________.

　　A. their friends ask them to do so B. it often rains in England

　　C. they are going to sell them D. they are their favourite things

　　5. The best title (标题)for this passage is ________.

　　A. Bad Seasons B. Summer or Winter

　　C. The Weather in England D. Strange English People

参考答案

知识点一：情态动词must用法

例一

—Mum, may I watch TV now?

  —Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first.

2. can       B. may       C. must   D. should

解析：根据题意“妈妈，我能看电视吗？”“可以，但是你应该先完成你的作业”，应该用情态动词should.

答案：D

知识点二：must用法

例二

 —________ I download the article again?

—No, you needn’t.

2. Shall    B. Will     C. Must    D. Can

解析：本题考察must的用法。题目是“我需要再下载一次这个文章吗”，“不，你不需要这样做”。must强调个人主观方面，故应该用must,选择C.

答案：C

知识点三：have to用法

例三

—Can you go skating with us this afternoon?

—Sorry, I can’t. I ________ take care of my little sister at home.

2. can     B. may      C. would   D. have to

解析：本题考察have to用法。题意是“不好意思，我不得不照顾我家里的妹妹”，故应该用have to，故选择D.

答案：D

基础演练

一、选择合适的情态动词填空。

1. May

2. can

3.Can

4. can’t

5. mustn’t

6. Can

7. can’t

8. can’t

二、单项选择。

1-5 ADABD

巩固提高

1-5 CBDCC   6-10 BCBDC

一、单项选择。

1-5 BACCB      6-10 DCADD

二、单句语法填空(用合适的单词填空)

 Must     can’t     Can    may    mustn’t

一、单项选择。

1-5 ABCCC     6-10 CCCAC

二、阅读理解。

1-5 CDBBC 

6-10 BAACA

11-15 BABDC

16-20 ABABC