2021版高考英语（人教版）一轮复习学案：必修25Unit5　Music



一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．instrument n．　　　　　　 工具；器械；乐器
2．reunite vt.
3．studio n. 工作室；演播室
4．millionaire n. 百万富翁；富豪
5．roll vt.& vi. 滚动；(使)摇摆
n.
6．orchestra n. 管弦乐队
7．pub n. 酒馆；酒吧
8．beard n．　　　　　 胡须
9．passer­by n. 过路人；行人
10．jazz n. 爵士音乐
11．afterwards adv. 然后；后来
12．dip vt. 浸；蘸
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．pretend vt.　　　　　　 假装；假扮
2．attach vt.& vi. 系上；缚上；附加；连接
3．form vt. (使)组成；形成；构成
4．earn vt. 赚；挣得；获得
5．broadcast n．& vi.& vt. 广播；播放
6．familiar adj. 熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
7．extra adj. 额外的；外加的
8．sensitive adj. 敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的
9．fame n. 名声；名望
10．actor n. 男演员；行动者
11．addition n. 加；增加；加法
12．folk adj. 民间的
13．cash n. 现金
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．pain n．疼痛→painful adj.痛苦的；疼痛的
2．rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
3．perform vt.& vi.表演；履行；执行→performance n．表演；演奏→performer n．表演者
4．attract vt.吸引；引起→attractive adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的→attraction n．吸引；吸引力；吸引人的事物
5．confident adj.自信的；确信的→confidence n．自信；信任
6．brief adj.简短的；简要的n.摘要；大纲→briefly adv.简要地；短暂地
7．humor n．幽默→humorous adj.幽默的；诙谐的
8．devote vt.奉献；致力于→devotion n．投入；热爱→devoted adj.献身的；忠诚的
9．music n．音乐→musician n．音乐家→musical adj.音乐的
10．invite v．邀请→invitation n．邀请；招待
11．add vt.增加 →addition n．加；增加；加法

1.后缀­ian表示“从事……职业的人”
①musician　　　　　 音乐家
②physician 内科医生
③politician 政治家
④comedian 喜剧演员
⑤magician 魔术师
⑥technician 技术员
2.A­A­A式过去式、过去分词变化
①broadcast­broadcast­broadcast
　　　　　　　 广播；播放
②burst­burst­burst 爆发；发生
③cost­cost­cost 花费
④cut­cut­cut 切；割
⑤hit­hit­hit 打
⑥hurt­hurt­hurt 伤害
3.与“音乐”有关的高频单词集锦
①perform vt.& vi.　　 演出；表演
②performance n. 演出；表演
③classical adj. 古典的
④compose vt.& vi. 作(曲)
⑤composer n. 创作者
⑥conduct vt. 指挥
⑦album n. 专辑
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．dream__of　　　　　　　 梦见；梦想；设想
2．to__be__honest 说实在地；实话说
3．attach...to__ 认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接
4．in__cash 用现金；有现钱
5．play__jokes__on　　　　　　　　 戏弄
6．rely__on 依赖；依靠
7．be/get__familiar__with 熟悉；对……熟悉起来
8．or__so 大约
9．break__up 打碎；分裂；解体
10．in__addition 另外；也
11．sort__out 分类
12．above__all 最重要；首先

1.“v.＋of”短语小结
①dream of　　　　　　　　 梦见；梦想；设想
②consist of 由……组成
③approve of 赞成
④die of 死于
⑤think of 想到
⑥hear of 听说
2.to短语作插入语
①to be honest　　　　　　　　 说实在地；实话说
②to be frank 坦白地说
③to begin with 首先
④to tell you the truth 说实话
⑤to be brief 简单地说
⑥to be sure 无疑；诚然
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句
The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most__of__which was based loosely on the Beatles.　组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗乐。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
句型2：过去分词作定语
Each week on TV, the Monkees would play and sing songs written__by__other__musicians．　门基乐队每个星期都要在电视上演唱由别的音乐家创作的歌曲。
句型3：not...without...双重否定句式，表示肯定意义
Freddy and his band could not__go__out__anywhere__without__being__followed.
弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪里都会有人跟随。
句型4：as if/though “似乎；好像”，引导方式状语从句和表语从句
Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as__if__they__were__close__friends．　一些不认识他们的人也在不断地讨论他们的私生活，而且就像是他们的密友一样在谈论他们。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)We are confident(自信的) that we can win this competition.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our week­long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，listening to musicians(音乐家) and meeting interesting locals.
3．(2019·江苏卷书面表达)Besides, the choice of the traditional Chinese dress means extra(额外的) money, for we have to change it back after the event.
4．The study shows that women have a better sense of smell than men and are also more sensitive(敏感的) to emotions.
5．In order to get familiar(熟悉) with the new neighbour, I decided to call at his house.
6．Peter earned(earn) three hundred dollars last summer holiday, with which he bought a new bike.
7．Forming(form) good bedtime habits will surely do you more good than taking sleeping pills.
8．She pretends(pretend) that she likes them so that she can get their help.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ阅读A)Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami(折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs.In previews.Opens Feb.12.工作室，演播室
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.爵士音乐
3．(2017·江苏卷完形)But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.乐器，器械
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The performers from the U．S.A. performed very well at the concert and their performances were well received.(perform)
2．Many visitors are attracted by the beauty of the West Lake, saying that the beautiful scenery there is really attractive．(attract)
3．He has a sense of humor. As soon as he came back from his holiday, he gave a humorous account of his trip to America.(humor)
4．The musician has a great talent for classical music,__whose musical ability conquered all the audience.(music)
5．He gave her a confident smile and his confidence made her face challenge bravely.(confident)
6．My friend is a reliable person, and you can rely on it that he will give you a hand.(rely)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
rely on; dream of; to be honest; break up; above all; get familiar with
1．To__be__honest,__I have been 2.dreaming__of being admitted to Tsinghua University. As a matter of fact, to be admitted to Tsinghua University, you should not only have a talent but also study hard.I 3.relied____on hard work to 4.get__familiar__with what had been taught at classes. 5.Above__all,__I made use of all my time to study even when our school 6.broke____up. I also owed my success to my teacher’s encouragement, without which I couldn’t have made such great progress. All in all, all my efforts paid off, which made me very proud and satisfied.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．这次会上提出了一些问题，大部分都是关于教育和医疗的。
Here are some problems put up at the meeting, most__of__which__are__about__education__and__health__care．
2．学生不出示学生证就进入不了图书馆。
Not a student has access to the library without__showing__his__student__card．
3．他讲英语非常完美，好像在英国居住了很多年似的。
He spoke English perfectly as__if__he__had__lived__in__England__for__many__years．
4．(2017·北京卷)吉姆已经退休了，但他仍然记得与学生们一起度过的快乐时光。
Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent__with__his__students．


pretend　vt.假装；假扮；扮演
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①When mother came back, I pretended to__have__fallen(fall) asleep.
②I had been lying to myself，pretending(pretend) that everything was fine.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我们在街上见面时， 她装作不认识我， 这确实使我很伤心。
③She pretended__she__didn’t__know__me when we met in the street, which really made me upset.(宾语从句)
④She pretended__not__to__know__me when we met in the street, which really made me upset.(不定式)

pretend 　
[佳句背诵] He pretended to be reading an important document when the boss came in.
老板进来时他假装在看一份重要的文件。
[名师点津] 与pretend有类似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等。
attach　vt.& vi.附加；缚上；系上；贴上；使依恋；连接
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①This hospital attached(attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood.
②My parents always attach great importance to my getting(get) a good education.
[能力提升]——句型转换/词汇升级
③(普通表达)Since the school thinks this tournament is very important, I hope we can devote ourselves to becoming a stronger team and winning a good medal.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
(高级表达)Since the school attaches__great__importance__to this tournament, I hope we can devote ourselves to becoming a stronger team and winning a good medal.

(1)attach...to...　 把……固定/附在……上
attach great importance/significance to sth.
认为……有重要性/意义
(2)attached adj. 依恋的
be attached to 附属于；依恋　
[佳句背诵] It is high time that we attached/should attach great importance to energy saving and environment protection.
到了我们应当重视能源节约和环境保护的时候了。
[名师点津] attach...to...中的to为介词，其后跟名词、动名词等。
form　n．形状，形态；外形；表格；形式　vt.(使)组成；形成；构成；排列
[一词多义]——写出下列句中form的词性及含义
①He was about to give up when a good idea began to form in his mind.vi.形成
②You would sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the form of a question.n.形式
③If you want to apply for the job, please fill in the form.n.表格
④I’d appreciate it if you are willing to help me form a band.vt.组建
[能力提升]——微写作
⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果你想申请会员，您需要填写申请表格并发电子邮件到pingpong@123.com。
If you want to apply for membership, you are required to fill__in__the__application__form and email it to pingpong@123.com.

(1)form the habit of doing sth. 养成做某事的习惯
(2)in the form of 以……的形式
take the form of 采取……的形式
fill in/out the form 填表格　
[佳句背诵] Since then, I have formed the habit of playing basketball with my friends regularly, which helps me to build up my strength and become more confident.　自从那时， 我已养成了与朋友们定期打篮球的习惯， 这有助于我强身健体， 而且更自信。
[联想发散] “养成做某事的习惯”荟萃：
①form__the__habit__of__doing__sth.；
②get__into__the__habit__of__doing__sth.；
③develop__the__habit__of__doing__sth.．
perform　vt.& vi.表演；履行；执行
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷6月)They held large concerts and performed(perform) at clubs.They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.
②The famous doctor is going to set out to__perform(perform) the operation, so please keep calm.
③(2019·江苏卷)The musician along with his band members has given ten performances(perform) in the last three months.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)在那之后，我们将唱他们最喜爱的歌曲，表演民间舞蹈。
After that, we’ll sing their favourite songs and perform__folk__dances．

(1)perform a(n) ...role in　 　 在……中起……
作用
perform an operation/a play 进行手术/演一
场戏
(2)performance n. 执行；表演；履行
put on/give a performance 呈现一场表演
(3)performer n. 执行者；表演者　
[佳句背诵] With the aim of raising some money for the local charity, we have invited several famous musicians and singers to perform classic music.　为了给当地的慈善机构筹款，我们邀请了几位著名的音乐家和歌手来表演古典音乐。(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
familiar　adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①As a result, you can master the Chinese language and be familiar with the Chinese culture.
②Charity work, which is still at an early stage in China, is unfamiliar to them.
[能力提升]——一句多译
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)一方面，我很熟悉中国画，因为我的父亲是一位中国画家。
③For one thing, I am__quite__familiar__with__Chinese__painting,__for my father is a Chinese painter.
④For one thing, Chinese painting is__quite__familiar__to__me,__for my father is a Chinese painter.

(1)be/get familiar with　　　 熟悉……
be familiar to 为……所熟悉
(2)unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的
be unfamiliar to 对……不熟悉　
[佳句背诵] Visiting the exhibition will help you get familiar with the art of paper­cutting.
参观这个展览将有助于你熟悉剪纸艺术。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
[名师点津] (1)be familiar to的主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人；
(2)be familiar with的主语只能是人，宾语是所熟悉的内容或物。
rely on　依靠；依赖；指望
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①To be honest, he is not a man who can be__relied(rely) on.
②Many people now would rely on surfing(surf) the Internet rather than read newspapers for news.
③(浙江卷)That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help. In short, he’s reliable(rely)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
你可以相信当你在困难时我会帮助你。(rely on)
④You can rely__on__me__to__help__you when you are in trouble.
⑤You can rely__on__it__that__I__will__help__you when you are in trouble.
⑥You can rely__on__my__helping__you when you are in trouble.

(1)rely on/upon sb./sth.　 相信/指望某人/某事
rely on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事；
相信某人会做某事
rely on one’s doing sth. 指望某人做某事；
相信某人会做某事
(2)rely on it that... 相信……；指望……　
[佳句背诵] Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children, which makes the children rely on their parents badly.
当今，做父母的为他们的独生子女把所有的事情都做了，使得这些独生子女非常依赖父母。
[联想发散] rely on的同义短语有：depend__on/upon;__count__on/upon等
break up　打碎；散开；解体；结束；放假；分裂
[一词多义]——写出下列句中break up的含义
①In order to get some money, the man broke up that old machine and sold some parts.分拆
②The husband and wife are always quarrelling and their relations are breaking up.关系破裂
③The police came running and broke up the crowd.驱散
④When does the school break up for the summer holidays？放假
[能力提升]——句型转换/词汇升级
⑤(普通表达)There was something wrong with my car, so I had to turn to the local villagers for help.
(高级表达)My car broke__down,__so I had to turn to the local villagers for help.

break down　 　 出故障；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解
break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态)
break away from 脱离；挣脱　
[佳句背诵] Only then did I realize that it was so foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them.
只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系并且从不与他们联系是多么的傻。
above all　最重要；首先
[基础练习]——用all的相关短语填空
①(2018·天津卷)Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went after__all．
②To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, above__all,__honest.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)总之，我真诚地邀请你到我们学校来亲自看看。
All__in__all,__I sincerely__invite__you__to__come__to__our__school and see it for yourself.

after all　　　　　　　　 毕竟；终究
all in all 整体说来；总而言之
in all 全部；合计
at all (否定句)一点也不；
(疑问句)到底；究竟
first of all 首先　
[佳句背诵] If you want to be popular, above all, join in our class activities and make a contribution to our class if possible.　如果你想受欢迎， 首先， 参加我们的班级活动， 如果可能的话对班级做些贡献。

“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句
(教材P34)The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.
组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗乐。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, most of which are beyond our control.
②Our class is made up of 56 students, all of whom are friendly and diligent.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)He has three daughters. All of them went abroad for further education.
③(高级表达)He has three daughters, and__all__of__them__went__abroad__for__further__education．(并列句)
④(高级表达)He has three daughters, all__of__whom__went__abroad__for__further__education．(定语从句)

“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句：
(1)one/two/several/most/each/all...＋of which/whom...
(2)the＋n.＋of which　
[佳句背诵] Our class also has problems of its own, the most obvious one of which is the students’ laziness.
我们班也有自己的问题，其中最明显的一个问题是学生的懒惰。
[名师点津] 介词提前的定语从句先行词指人时用whom 引导定语从句；先行词指物时用which 引导定语从句。
not...without...双重否定句式，表示肯定意义
(教材P38)Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.
弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪里都会有人跟随。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷6月应用文写作)Without your help, I would not have made so great progress in English learning.
②From this experience, I learned that being careful is very important and that we can’t be too careful, especially in examinations.
[能力提升]——完成句子
动动脑筋，你就会发现世界上没有什么是不可能的。
③Use your head and you will find that nothing__is__impossible__in__the__world．

(1)常见的双重否定结构还有：
no/never...without...　 没有……不……；
除……不……
(2)常见的用否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有：
cannot...too... 越……越……；无论怎样……也不为过
nothing/not/no...impossible...
没有……不/不可能……　
[佳句背诵] You can’t attach too great importance to your child’s receiving a good education.
你如何重视让孩子接受良好的教育都不为过。


Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Learning English as a second language can be a painful(pain) experience.What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.
2．(2019·北京卷)He has had countless pleasant and often humorous(humor) conversations with the students he transports to and from school.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)She has turned down several invitations(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
4．The experiment performed(perform) in the 1990s showed that many plants tolerate a wide range of light conditions.
5．To my relief, they sound confident(confidence) about the future of the company.
6．She explained briefly(brief) what we had to do to protect the animals from being hunted.
7．Many visitors are impressed by the attractive(attract) scenery of the West Lake where people can live in peace.
8．After months of unemployment all he asked for was a chance to__earn(earn) his bread.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．She is looking at me as if she knew(know) me, but I’ve never seen her before in my life.
2．They said goodbye to the villagers, with tears rolling(roll) down their cheeks.
3．As tourism grows increasingly popular，Chinese are becoming particularly sensitive to improper behavior.
4．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, most of which are sold abroad.
5．I dreamt/dreamed(dream) of starting my own business, which certainly inspired me to carry on.
Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)
1．The old lady treats me as if I am her own son.am→were
2．In addition to, you should pay attention to your performance at school.删除第一个to
3．To be briefly, I think we should accept their invitation.briefly→brief
4．As we all know, Li Jian is considered as one of the most famous musician.musician→musicians
5．Mother Teresa has devoted herself to care for the poor.care→caring
6．I feel highly honour to be invited to deliver a speech at the meeting.honour→honoured
Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ完形)Fortunately, after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner.adj.短暂的
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Besides, I learned Chinese painting for more than ten years in my childhood; therefore, I do know a lot about this great art form.n.形式
3．These books are intended to be readapt length, others to be dipped into.浏览
4．The machine is performing poorly, which means there must be something wrong with it.vi.运转

提能一　语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
If we want to make progress in our study, above all, we must be strict with 1.ourselves(we)．Meanwhile, we should form a good habit of 2.learning(learn)．It’s unwise of you to pretend 3.to__know(know) what you don’t know.Last month, I was busy preparing for the final examination, 4.hoping(hope) that I could perform well.Finally all my efforts paid off.I owe my success 5.to my teacher’s encouragement and help.I couldn’t have made such great progress 6.without my teacher’s kind help.
(二)
Three years ago, when I visited a tourist 1.attraction(attract) in Jiangsu, I turned up at a party where I met my wife, a 2.musician(music), for the first time. When asked to give a 3.performance(perform) at the party, we both responded to the request warmly, full of 4.confidence(confident). We fell in love because we left each other a good impression. 5.Briefly(brief) speaking, she appreciated my 6.humorous(humor) words and graceful behavior, and I was conquered by her beauty and elegant style.
提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，你校将于下个月举办音乐节，作为组织者之一，你遇到了一些问题，请写信向你的朋友Tom求助。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①为了让学生们熟悉民间音乐的各种形式，我校将于下个月举办音乐节。
To__get__students__familiar__with__some__styles__of__folk__music,__our school will hold a music festival next month.
②作为组织者之一，我非常重视这个活动。
As one of the organizers, I__attach__great__importance__to__the__activity．
③这个活动非常具有挑战性，因为这是我第一次执行这样的任务。
The event is challenging because it__is__the__first__time__that__I__have__performed__such__a__task．
④正如我所知道的，贵校每年都举行一些吸引人的音乐活动，有些是你组织的并获得了很大名气。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
As I know, some__attractive__music__events__are__held__every__year in your school, some__of__which__are__organized__by__you__and__have__earned__great__fame．
⑤如你能花时间向我简要介绍一些活动，我将感激不尽。
I__would__appreciate__it__if__you__could__spend__some__time__in__introducing__some__to__me__briefly.
⑥我想知道你能否为我邀请一些音乐家，因为我别无选择只得依靠你的帮助。
I wonder if you can invite some musicians for me as I__have__no__alternative/choice__but__to__rely__on__your__help．
2．升级平淡句
⑦用被动句式升级句①
To__get__students__familiar__with__some__styles__of__folk__music,__a__music__festival__will__be__held__by__our__school__next__month.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：to be honest, therefore, in addition)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Tom，
To get students familiar with some styles of folk music, a music festival will be held by our school next month. As one of the organizers, I attach great importance to the activity.
To be honest, the event is challenging because it is the first time that I have performed such a task. As I know, some attractive music events are held every year in your school, some of which are organized by you and have earned great fame. Therefore, I would appreciate it if you could spend some time in introducing some to me briefly. In addition, I wonder if you can invite some musicians for me as I have no alternative/choice but to rely on your help.
Any early reply will be highly appreciated.
Yours，
Li Hua

(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·桂林、崇左联合模拟)Jamey Turner often performs to large crowds in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia. You can find him playing an unusual musical instrument, the glass harp(竖琴), near Alexandria’s historic waterfront.
A glass harp is made up of different­sized drinking glasses, each containing water. Turner makes music by running his fingers over the tops of the glasses. By doing so, each glass makes a different musical sound.
Turner is 78 years old now. He became interested in playing the glass harp at the age of six, when he heard his father playing with a glass of water at the dinner table. He has been playing it for 50 years.
Today Turner puts together his instrument by placing 60 different glasses on a wooden soundboard. He holds the glasses in place with rubber bands, which keeps them from breaking. He then adds different amounts of water to each one to create different musical notes. Adding or taking away just a little water will change the sound. Adding water to a glass will make a lower sound. The smaller bowls of water produce a higher sound, while the larger ones produce a lower, deeper sound.
Turner always uses low­priced glass because it sounds better than costly crystal(水晶) and he has more control over the sound. Before buying new glasses, he will test them in stores.
The glass harp was popular 300 years ago when composers like Wolfgang Mozart wrote music for the instrument. There have been about 400 pieces of music written just for the glass harp. But Turner plays all kinds of music, even popular music from China. Few people play the glass harp these days, but Turner says he sees videos of people experimenting with the instrument on the Internet. He hopes the next generation will continue making their music.
【解题导语】　杰米·特纳经常在弗吉尼亚州亚历山大人群密集的地方演奏玻璃竖琴：敲击不同大小的盛水的玻璃杯，发出动听的乐声。他不仅能演奏玻璃竖琴专门乐曲，还能用它演奏中国流行音乐。
1．What do we know about Turner?
A．He began playing the glass harp at six.
B．He often teaches glass harp lessons online.
C．He is a great master of the Chinese language.
D．He was inspired by his father to learn the glass harp.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“He became interested in playing the glass harp at the age of six, when he heard his father playing with a glass of water at the dinner table.”可知，在六岁时，杰米·特纳听到父亲在餐桌上用一玻璃杯水演奏音乐，开始对玻璃竖琴产生兴趣。据此可知，D项正确。
2．What does the author say about the glass harp?
A．Its inventor is Wolfgang Mozart.
B．It is made up of glasses of the same size.
C．It appears to be gaining in popularity today.
D．Its sounds are affected by the amount of water in the glasses.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句“He then adds different amounts of water to each one to create different musical notes. Adding or taking away just a little water will change the sound.”可知，杯子中的水量不同，产生的音调也不同；添加或去掉少量水就会改变声音。据此可知，玻璃竖琴的声音受杯子中水量的影响，故D项正确。
3．Why does Turner prefer to use cheap glass?
A．To save money.
B．To produce better sounds.
C．To help recycle drinking glasses.
D．To increase difficulty in performing.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Turner always uses low­priced glass because it sounds better than costly crystal(水晶) and he has more control over the sound.”可知，特纳总是使用低价玻璃杯是因为其声音听起来比昂贵的水晶杯好听，故B项正确。
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．A Musician Pleases Crowds by Playing Glasses
B．Playing the Glass Harp: a New Trend
C．Jamey Turner’s Dream Coming True
D．Wonderful Music Has No Borders
A　解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段“Jamey Turner often performs to large crowds in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia. You can find him playing an unusual musical instrument, the glass harp(竖琴), near Alexandria’s historic waterfront.”并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位音乐家为人群演奏玻璃竖琴的故事。故A项最适合作本文标题。B项意为“演奏玻璃竖琴：一种新趋势”，与文章最后一段中的“Few people play the glass harp these days”不符；C项意为“杰米·特纳的梦想实现了”，文章未提及；D项意为“美妙的音乐没有国界”，偏离主题。
【难句分析】　A glass harp is made up of different­sized drinking glasses, each containing water.
分析：本句是一个简单句。该句中的“each containing water”为独立主格结构，作句子的伴随状语，be made up of意为“由……组成”。
译文：一个玻璃竖琴由不同大小的玻璃杯组成，每个玻璃杯里盛着水。
B
(2020·甘肃高考诊断)Many Westerners have the idea that everyone in China knows how to do kung fu. This is, of course, a__silly__belief. But it is true that kung fu is a big part of Chinese culture.
Like most people from the West, I was first introduced to kung fu through Hong Kong action films. Stars like Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan made kung fu popular in the Western world. The flashy and impressive performances they gave in films like Rumble in the Bronx and Enter the Dragon made them household names in the U．S. and elsewhere.
However, my own personal interest in kung fu was actually inspired by a hip hop group. Wu­Tang Clan, founded in the early 1990s in New York City, is one of the most influential hip hop groups in history.
In their songs, they sometimes mention philosophical concepts that come from Wudang quan—a classic Chinese martial art from which they take their name—and Shaolin Temple. I was just a teenager when I first started listening to Wu­Tang Clan—little did I know that I would actually end up living in China later in my life!
I myself do not practice kung fu. However, the concepts behind it are quite interesting to me. There is a Bruce Lee quote that I often think of when I’m struggling with challenges in life. “Be formless, shapeless, like water，” he once said. By this, he meant that you should be ready to adapt to and change your attitudes or beliefs when you face difficulties. I think this is a good way to deal with life.
【解题导语】　中国功夫对西方人有很大的影响。本文作者受一支嘻哈乐队的影响，对中国功夫产生了浓厚的兴趣，而中国功夫背后蕴含的一些观念帮助作者战胜了生活中的很多困难。
5．What does the underlined phrase “a silly belief” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．All Chinese people can do kung fu.
B．China is most famous for its kung fu.
C．Kung fu is a big part of Chinese culture.
D．Many Westerners admire kung fu.
A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Many Westerners have the idea that everyone in China knows how to do kung fu. This is, of course, a__silly__belief．”可知，This指代西方人认为中国人都知道如何练功夫这一想法，由此可知，这个荒唐的想法就是，所有中国人都会功夫。故选A。
6．What inspired the author’s interest in kung fu?
A．Hong Kong action movies.
B．A TV program about kung fu.
C．Kung fu stars in Hollywood.
D．A U．S. hip hop group.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，作者对中国功夫的兴趣其实是由一支嘻哈乐队激发的，这个乐队的名字叫作“武当派”。故选D。
7．What do we know about the Wu­Tang Clan?
A．They have Chinese culture in their songs.
B．They taught the author how to do Wudang quan.
C．They performed Chinese martial arts in the U．S.
D．They showed the author the way to live in China.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知，在武当派的歌曲中，有时会提到一些武当拳和少林寺中的哲学观念，武当拳是中国的一种武术，也是乐队名字的由来。因此他们的歌曲中会体现出中国文化。故选A。
8．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The author was sorry that he couldn’t do kung fu.
B．The concepts of kung fu change over time.
C．The spirit of kung fu helps the author overcome difficulties.
D．Bruce Lee was the most popular martial arts master.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者对中国功夫背后的一些观念有很大的兴趣，并在其中学会了一些道理。李小龙的一句名言告诉作者，在面对困难的时候，要通过改变自身的态度和信念去不断适应从而战胜困难。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·江西高三模拟)
How to Protect Your Ears
You and your friends are leaving a concert on a Friday night. When you get outside, your ears are ringing. You have to shout to be heard. 1.________ So no harm done...right?
Not quite. Temporary buzzing may be easy to ignore, but repeated exposure to loud noise will eventually cause serious—and irreversible(不能治愈的)—hearing loss. A new study conducted by researchers at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston shows that one in five people between the ages of 12 and 19 are experiencing slight hearing loss, and one in twenty have mild hearing loss. 2.________ But the good news is that there are plenty of ways you can protect your ears from further damage—and still listen to the music you love.
Ask around. Put your earbuds in or your headphones on, and then ask a friend next to you whether or not he or she can hear what you’re listening to. 3.________ Turn it down.
Buy noise­canceling headphones. A pair of earbuds or headphones that fits comfortably will limit outside noise so that you can hear your music better at lower volume.
Take breaks. 4.________ So when listening to music, take your headphones off for 15 or 20 minutes and let your ears enjoy the quiet.
5．________ You can buy a cheap pair at any drugstore as an easy way to lower volume at concerts—or while playing or practicing your own music—without changing the quality of the sound.
A．Use earplugs.
B．Keep the volume below 70 percent.
C．If the answer is yes, your music is too loud.
D．But by morning, your hearing is totally back to normal.
E．Like every other part of your body, your ears need rest.
F．Unfortunately, there’s no way to get back hearing you’ve already lost.
G．The exposure to noise is louder and longer than in any previous generation.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种保护听力的方法，包括询问身边的人音乐的音量、购买噪音消除耳机、定时休息和使用耳塞。
1．D　解析：根据上文可知，某个周五晚上的音乐会让你耳鸣；结合空处后一句“So no harm done...right？”可知，耳朵似乎并没有受到伤害；据此可推知，空处应表示转折，故D项“但是到了早上，你的听力完全恢复正常”符合语境。
2．F　解析：根据空处后一句“But the good news is that there are plenty of ways you can protect your ears from further damage—and still listen to the music you love.”可知，但好消息是，有很多方法可以保护你的耳朵免受进一步的伤害，同时还能继续听你喜欢的音乐。据此可推知，空处与此句为转折关系，故F项“不幸的是，你已经丧失的听力无法恢复”衔接上下文，符合语境。
3．C　解析：空处上文是说当你戴上耳塞或耳机时，问一下你身边的朋友是否能听见你听的内容，再结合空后一句“Turn it down.”可知，C项“如果答案是肯定的，那你的音乐太大声了”符合语境。
4．E　解析：根据该段小标题Take breaks.并结合空处后一句“So when listening to music, take your headphones off for 15 or 20 minutes and let your ears enjoy the quiet.”可知，该段主要建议让耳朵定时休息，故E项与此处匹配。
5．A　解析：根据文章的结构以及空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的小标题；根据该段的内容可知，你可以在任何一家药店买到一副便宜的耳塞，可以用于降低音乐会的音量。据此可知，该段主要建议准备一副耳塞，故A项正确。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·陕西摸底检测)Recently researchers have had a finding 1.____________ singing in groups could have a positive impact on reducing 2.____________(anxious) and depression. The research is from the University of East Anglia in the U．K., in cooperation with a community singing group 3.____________(call) Sing Your Heart Out. A research team conducted the study 4.____________(examine) how singing with other people affects mental health. Researchers followed a group of people 5.____________ attended free weekly singing workshops for six months. They discovered that singing in groups was 6.____________ essential part in helping people recover from mental illness. In addition, it helped people feel 7.____________(little) stressed, enhanced their mood and increased their confidence, social skills and feeling of well­being. Lead researcher, Professor Tom Shakespeare, said, “We found that singing as part of a group contributes 8.____________ people’s recovery from mental health problems.” He added, “All of the 9.____________(participant) we spoke to reported positive effects as a direct result of taking part in the singing workshops. For some, it 10.____________(represent) one component of a wider program of support. For others, it stood out as the key to their maintenance of health.”
【解题导语】　研究发现，合唱可以缓解压力，减少沮丧，有利于精神健康。
1．that　解析：考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句解释说明a finding，作其同位语，空处在句中不作句子成分，仅起连接作用，故填that。
2．anxiety　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，本空作reducing的宾语，与depression并列，故填名词anxiety。
3．called　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词call和其逻辑主语a community singing group构成动宾关系，故填其过去分词形式called。
4．to examine　解析：考查动词不定式。此处表示一个研究小组进行该研究是为了调查与他人一起唱歌是如何影响精神健康的，表目的，故填动词不定式to examine。
5．who/that　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为people，从句中缺少主语，故填who或that。
6．an　解析：考查冠词。part在此处为可数名词，且在文中第一次提及，故用不定冠词修饰，又因essential的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
7．less　解析：考查副词的比较级。根据下文“enhanced their mood...feeling of well­being”可知，合唱帮助人们缓解压力，即帮助人们感受到更少的压力，故用副词的比较级less，修饰其后的形容词“stressed”。
8．to　解析：考查介词。contribute to sth.是固定搭配，意为“促成某事”，故填to。
9．participants　解析：考查名词的单复数。participant“参与者”为可数名词，根据空前的“All of the”可知，此处表示复数的概念，故填participants。
10．represented　解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语；根据后一句中的stood out及全文的基本时态为一般过去时可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填represented。