(译林版)2020版高考英语一轮习第1部分：语言知识 必修5 Unit 1　能力提升题组训练（B）(含解析)

www.ks5u.com能力提升题组训练(B)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018四川德阳三诊)

Given a choice,Chinese university graduates prefer to find employment rather than start a company.In the past 12 months,more than 20 provinces have introduced many policies to encourage students to start their own companies,such as allowing them to quit studying but keep their student status for two to eight years.But a report by human resources website Zhaopin released recently still found that only 3.1 percent of students said they will start their own business,down from 6.3 percent in 2015.

“The Chinese government,universities and investors have provided a friendly environment for young startups.However,the failure rate of fresh graduates founding startups is still too high due to the lack of experience,resources and networking,” said Wang Yixin,a senior consultant at Zhaopin.“In addition,universities have paid a lot of attention to innovation and creative thinking instead of starting up companies.This is another reason for the low desire on campus to found startups.”

At the same time,college graduates’ interest in further education has also declined,leading to an increase in students wanting employment from 71.2 percent last year to 75.6 percent this year.Nearly 30 percent of those graduates accepted offers from the internet industry.

Though some geniuses in the Internet industry created miracles,many industry insiders hold the idea that before one starts up,one has to know how to produce products,how to sell them,how to manage a company.Those lessons you cannot expect a fresh graduate to know so the students should work a few years first.They also insist that students complete their studies first because a diploma still matters in China.

1.The government are trying to encourage students to 　　　. 

A.find employment after graduation B.continue their study at school

C.set up their own businesses     D.leave school without a diploma

2.The 2nd and 3rd paragraphs focus on 　 　　. 

A.what contributes to the success of starting a business

B.why there are more students choosing to find employment

C.how students’ interest in further education shapes their career perspectives

D.who are working together to create a good environment for young startups

3.What is the industry insiders’ suggestion to the university students?

A.Immediately start their own companies after graduation

B.Start their own companies while at school

C.Quit study to start their own companies

D.Finish studies and work a few years first

语篇解读:本文是议论文,虽然中国政府鼓励大学生自主创业,但事实上,大部分毕业生选择进了公司,原因在于缺乏经验、资源等。业内人士认为,大学生应先工作几年再创业。

答案及剖析:

1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中In the past 12 months,more than 20 provinces have introduced many policies to encourage students to start their own companies,such as allowing them to quit studying but keep their student status for two to eight years.可知,政府鼓励学生创业。

2.B　主旨大意题。根据第二段中However,the failure rate of fresh graduates founding startups...starting up companies.以及第三段第一句可知,二、三段主要讲大学生为什么选择找工作,而不去创业。故选B项。

3.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,行业内部人士认为,大学生应该先完成学业,参加工作,积累了一定的经验之后再去创业。

B

Grandparents Answer a Call

As a third-generation native of Brownsville,Texas,Mildred Garza never planned to move away.Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children,she politely refused.Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms.Garza finally say yes.That was four years ago.Today all three generations regard the move as a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.

No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obama’s mother-in-law,Marian Robinson,has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study by grandparents.com,83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson’s decision will influence grandparents in the American family.Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.

“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,”says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand,a magazine for grandparents.“We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them,especially when you’re raising children.”

Moving is not for everyone.Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices,but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling,but giving up the life you know may be harder.

4.Why was Garza’s move a success?

A.It strengthened her family ties.     B.It improved her living conditions.

C.It enabled her to make more friends. D.It helped her know more new places.

5.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinson’s decision?

A.17% expressed their support for it. B.Few people responded sympathetically.

C.83% believed it had a bad influence. D.The majority thought it was a trend.

6.What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?

A.They were unsure of themselves.

B.They were eager to raise more children.

C.They wanted to live away from their parents.

D.They had little respect for their grandparents.

7.What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?

A.Make decisions in the best interests of their own.

B.Ask their children to pay more visits to them.

C.Sacrifice for their struggling children.

D.Get to know themselves better.

语篇解读:本文介绍了一个社会现象。在美国,很多老人选择搬家,和子女生活在一起,这已成为一种趋势。同时也建议老人要做出适合自己的选择。

答案及剖析:

4.A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“Today all three generations regard the move as a success,giving them a closer relationship...”可知,Garza搬去和子女同住后,他们的关系更亲密了,这与A项“这加强了她的家庭关系”相吻合。

5.D　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“According to a study by grandparents.com,83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson’s decision will influence grandparents in the American family.Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.”可知,Mrs.Robinson会影响很多人,也就是说,搬家与子女一起生活是一种趋势。故选D项。

6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own”可以推断出,二十世纪六十年代的人们希望离家远一些,以证明自己能独立。故选C项。

7.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,搬家并不一定适合每一位老人,作者建议老人要根据自己的情况作出决定。故选A项。

Ⅱ.语法填空

(2018安徽蚌埠三模)

International Volunteer Day is a global celebration of volunteers.It takes place every year on December 5 1.　　　　(shine)a light on the effect of volunteer efforts everywhere.Many nations and governments hold 2.　　　　(variety)activities in this day.Volunteers are ones 3.　　　　 make use of their own part time and participate 4.　　　　 social service for no charge.They contribute a lot in the 5.　　　　(aspect)of rebuilding home,developing economy with promoting social civilization progressing etc.The Day 6.　　　　(encouragement)volunteers’ deeds to develop at local,national and international levels.The Day is the time widely 7.　　　　(accept)by people to fight poverty,hunger,disease,environmental problems and discrimination against women. 

The cultural form and explanation of a volunteer may change depending on circumstances,8.　　　　 the basic principle never changes: every individual can make a difference in society.Beyond 9.　　　　(help)to promote the greater good,volunteers enrich their own lives.As one volunteer once put it,“I feel as though I am able to help in the world and use my skills.It allows me to 10.　　　　(real)feel as though I am part of the world community.” 

答案及剖析:

1.to shine　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少目的状语,故用动词不定式。

2.various　考查形容词。修饰名词activities,故用形容词形式。

3.who/that　考查定语从句。ones为先行词,从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词who或that。

4.in　考查介词。participate in 意为“参加”,固定搭配。

5.aspects　考查名词。用复数形式,表示“许多方面”。

6.encourages　考查动词时态。句子的主语是The Day,缺少谓语动词,且用一般现在时态,故用encourages。

7.accepted　考查非谓语动词。the time后缺少定语,与动词accept存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。

8.but　考查并列连词。根据句意,分析前后句子的逻辑关系可知用but,表示转折。

9.helping　考查非谓语动词。Beyond为介词,后接v.-ing形式作宾语。

10.really　考查副词。动词feel缺少状语,故用副词really。

Ⅲ.短文改错

My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big,but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead,he hopes that our business will grow steady.

答案:My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live.Though not very big, but  the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is .Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in short period of time.Instead,he hopes that business will grow .

剖析:介词后的宾语从句中缺少表示地点的状语,因此用where。

Though和but不能连用。

根据上下文时态可知,此处应用一般现在时。

此处表示他成功的秘诀是诚实,主语the key与表语构成同位关系应用名词。

根据句意可知,此处意为“和”,表示并列关系,应用and。or表示选择关系。

根据句意此处表示被动,“被用来”,此处用be used for。

dream of doing sth.是固定短语,表示“梦想做某事”。

in a short period of time是固定短语,表示“在短时间内”。

主语是he,此处指“他的”,修饰business,因此用his。

grow在此处表示“增长”,是实义动词,不是系动词,应用副词修饰。