专题06 阅读理解（六）-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解必做100篇

这是一份专题06 阅读理解（六）-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解必做100篇，共22页。


阅读上面的信息，选择正确答案。
36．Jenny wants t wrk in___________．
A．a museumB．a schlC．a hspitalD．a shp
37．Jhn is interested in___________．
A．scienceB．mathC．EnglishD．cmputer
38．Helen feels___________ whenever she sees the dctr's smile in the hspital．
A．nervusB．bredC．excitedD．warm
39．Frank wants t be a sldier___________．
A．t be a tall manB．t help sick pepleC．t serve the cuntryD．t set a gd example
40．The fur children are talking abut their___________．
A．heresB．patientsC．experiencesD．dreams
（二）
Hw wuld yu like t build a time machine? Paper, sticks, glue and string are all yu need．Put them tgether t build a kite．A kite cnnects yu t the past．
N ne knws wh flew the first kite．It was prbably smene in China r perhaps Indnesia．Indnesia．Indnesian fishermen hung fishhks n kites and sent them ut t sea t catch fish．Starting 2,000years ag, Chinese farmers flew kites t welcme the New Year and bring gd luck t Earth．
In China, peple als used kites during wartime．One Chinese stry tells hw sldiers put nise makers n kites and flew them at night ver the enemy camp．The enemies were frightened by the nise and ran away．
Abut 1,300 years ag, Chinese travelers tk kites t Japan．Sn kites filled the skies there．Kites reached Thailand abut 700 years ag．During flds, Thai farmers flew kites ver their fields They hped the kites wuld drive away the cluds and stp the rain．Over time, kites flew their way ut f Asia．Tday, kites are a passin all ver the wrld．Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts f the wrld and have great fun．
Over the years,Kites have als helped peple understand the natural wrld．In 1749, fr example, thermmeters were tied t kites t measure temperatures．In 1906, cameras hanging frm kites tk pictures f San Francisc, Califrnia after an earthquake．The phts helped peple plan what t d．
Kites als helped inventrs find ut hw t make airplanes．The Wright brthers studied hw kites flew, which helped them make the first successful airplane．
Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites int the air,peple have lved flying kites．Kites give us ways t celebrate, relax and explre．S g fly a kite! Enjy the feeling f wnder that kite flyers have felt fr centuries．
31．Accrding t the passage, in which cuntries were kites used t make gd wishes?
A．China and Japan．B．China and Thailand．
C．Japan and Indnesia．D．Thailand and Indnesia．
32．Accrding t the Chinese stry, the army used kites t___________．
A．make the enemies leave in fearB．celebrate victries during wartime
C．stp the enemies frm sleeping wellD．carry sldiers t fight against the enemies
33．The underlined wrd “passin”in Paragraph 4 means__________．
A．strng lveB．useful machine
C．happy dreamD．cmmn treasure
34．Hw des the writer develp Paragraph 5?
A．By telling stries．B．By listing numbers．
C．By cmparing facts．D．By giving examples．
35．What’s the purpse f this passage?
A．T shw peple hw t fly kites．
B．T explain hw kites are used in science．
C．T intrduce the rles f kites in histry．
D．T discuss the difference amng kites wrldwide．
（三）
Hw d yu feel abut nature? After spending hurs indrs, d yu feel better when yu visit yur lcal park? Mst peple think that nature is gd fr ur bdies and brains．Hwever, humans are spending mre time inside and less time utside．Fr example, the number f visitrs t Canada’s natinal parks is getting lwer every year．And in cuntries such as the USA, nly 10% f teenagers spend time utside every day．Many dctrs feel that this is a prblem in the twenty—first century．
As a result, sme dctrs are studying the cnnectin between nature and health: ne example f this is the wrk f Dr Matilda in Sweden．The dctr gave peple a maths test．During the test, their heart rates (心率) were fast．After the test, ne grup f peple sat in a 3D—virtual—reality (虚拟现实) rm fr fifteen minutes with pictures and sunds f nature．Their heart rates were slwer than peple's in the ther grup．
The virtual tuch with nature helped them feel mre relaxed．Anther gd example f hw nature is gd fr health cmes frm Canada．In Trnt, researchers studied 31,000 peple living in the city．In general, they fund that healthier peple lived near parks．
Because f studies like these, sme cuntries and cities want nature t be part f peple’s everyday life．In Dubai (迪拜), fr example, there are plans fr a new shpping mall with a large garden s shppers can relax utside with trees, plants and water．In Switzerland, “frest schls” are ppular．Schlchildren study their subjects in the frests and d lts f exercise utside．And Suth Krea (韩国) is anther gd example: it has new frests near its cities and arund 13 millin peple visit these frests every year．S after building cities fr s lng, perhaps it’s nw time t start rebuilding nature．
45．What des Paragraph 1 mainly talk abut?
A．Teenagers’ prblem in the 21st century．B．Hw much time we spend utdrs．
C．Visiting yur lcal park．D．Feeling abut nature．
46．Match the cuntries r cities with the infrmatin and chse the right answer．
①the USA a．Children study in the frests and d lts f activities utside．
②Dubai b．Abut 13 millin peple visit new frests near its cities every year．
③Switzerland c．A new shpping mall with a large garden will be built．
④Suth Krea d．10% f teenagers spend time utside every day．
A．①—a ②—d ③—b ④—cB．①—d ②—c ③—a ④—b
C．①—a ②—c ③—d ④—bD．①—d ②—c ③—b ④—a
47．What d the results f the studies shw?
A．Mre and mre Canadians will live near parks．
B．The maths test is difficult and makes peple nervus．
C．Nature can help peple feel mre relaxed and be healthier．
D．Peple's heart rates get slwer in a 3D—virtual—reality rm．
48．What can we infer frm the last sentence f the passage?
A．Nature is mre imprtant than cities．B．Cuntry life is healthier than city life．
C．Peple have lived in the cities fr s lng．D．Nature shuld be part f peple’s daily life．
（四）
Teens and kids are reading a lt less fr fun, accrding t a recent reprt．
Althugh the decline(下降) in the past ten years is very surprising fr teen readers, sme data(数据) in the reprt shws that reading is still a big part f many children’s lives．
Accrding t the reprt, the number r teens wh hardly read has gne up frm 8 percent t 25 percent tday．The reprt data shws that kids’ reading ability remains almst the same．Hwever, the amunt f reading time has fallen, frm abut an hur every day t half an hur．
As fr children’s e-reading, the reprt mentins little abut its effects．But it says that many parents chse t cntrl the time spent n e-bks, mainly because they are wrried abut the increased screen time．After all, it is imprtant t prtect their kids’ eyes．
The mst helpful part in the reprt is parents’ effects n their children．It shws that parents are examples and imprtant guides fr them in reading．If parents read mre and find mre time t read with their children, it turns ut that their children actually read mre ften．
As summer vacatin arrives, parents might take this chance t step in, make a reading list and enjy the pleasant family reading time．
38．What d we knw abut children’s fun reading time?
A．It is much shrter．B．It stays the same．
C．It is much lnger．D．It changes a little．
39．Why d many parents cntrl e-reading?
A．It can waste kids’ time．B．E-bks are nt s imprtant．
C．It can harm kids’ health．D．E-bks are a waste f mney．
40．Hw shuld parents encurage children’s reading?
A．By making reading plans．B．By setting gd examples．
C．By praising kids’ reading．D．By ffering different bks．
41．What’s the writing purpse f the last paragraph?
A．T prevent e-reading．B．T encurage family reading．
C．T advise family trips．D．T describe vacatin pleasure．
（五）
Li Shijin, 30, didn't expect t make a living thrugh his vice．
Li began t wrk as a cmpany salesman in Lianing Prvince in 2012．He tried t find a part-time jb as a wedding hst t imprve his cnfidence．
Arund the spring festival in 2014, he started listening t audibks (音频书)．After being a listener fr tw years, he decided t recrd himself reading bks．Then, he psted his first audibk Yuth Will Nt Return n Qingting in 2016．It was bradcast (广播) and listened t abut 20 millin times．
A year later, after he had read three audibks, he was signed up as a vice perfrmer by Qingting．Hwever, he was under great pressure (压力) when he was signed up by Qingting．"T imprve my ability, I didn't sleep fr mre than five hurs a day during that year．I had better results the fllwing year．"Als, t imprve his perfrmance, Li attended a training curse at Cmmunicatin University f China t learn dubbing(配音) and hw t write a play in 2018．S far, he has cmpleted nearly 30 wrks n Qingting．
On the rad t success, Li put a lt f effrt．Many peple tried t get a fthld (立足地) but failed, while he made it!
When talking abut the secret f his success, he said, "Many peple have gd abilities and many wrk very hard, but they may fail．Early birds get wrms．I believe they will get chances and succeed sner r later if they hld n t their dreams and keep n trying．"
1．Why did Li wrk as a wedding hst?
A．T develp his interestB．T make a living．C．T make friends．D．T imprve himself．
2．Hw did Li feel after being signed up by Qingting?
A．Happy．B．Sad．C．Wrried．D．Lucky．
3．What can we learn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．Li succeeded easily．B．Li never failed．
C．Li succeeded thrugh hard wrk．D．Li succeeded because f gd luck．
4．Put the fllwing int crrect rder accrding t the passage．
①Li psted his first audibk．
② Li went t the university．
③Li started t listen t audibks．
④Li was signed up by Qingting．
A．①②③④B．③①④②C．③①②④D．④①②③
5．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．A friend in need is a friend indeed．B．Chances favr (偏爱) the prepared mind．
C．Tw heads are better than ne．D．Time waits fr n man．
（六）
In China, each year we prduce abut 150 millin tns f city waste accrding t a reprt．Where des the waste g? Peple usually burn r bury(埋)it．On the ther hand, we receive waste frm sme develped cuntries．We get useful materials frm it．What abut the useless part? Still burned r buried．But is it a prper way?
Waste pllutes the envirnment, harms peple's health and causes animals t die．It als gets in the way f green and sustainable develpment．We can't make mney at the cst f the envirnment．We shuld leave clean water and green muntains t ur next generatins(一代人)．
China is getting really serius abut waste nw．
We are taking less waste frm develped cuntries．Frm January 2018, China started t stp 24 kinds f waste cming int ur cuntry．And mre laws and rules abut dealing with waste have been made．Anyne wh breaks the law will be punished．
China als tries t put waste int gd use．One example is the waste electricity factries．They burn waste t make electricity in a green way．N harmful gases r water will get int the envirnment．
The Chinese gvernment is encuraging peple t d waste srting(分类)．Cities like Shanghai, Chngqing and Beijing have their wn srting systems．Mre will jin them sn．As President Xi Jinping said during a visit t Shanghai, waste srting is a new fashin(时尚)．Mre and mre peple are frming the habit f separating their waste．
32．The writer starts the passage by _________．
A．telling striesB．cmparing numbers
C．raising questinsD．giving suggestins
33．The underlined wrd "sustainable" in Paragraph 2 means "________"in Chinese．
A．可享受的B．可持续的C．可借鉴的D．可复活的
34．Frm the passage, we knw that _________．
A．waste des harm nly t the envirnment
B．thse wh break the law may nt be punished
C．China stps getting waste frm develped cuntries
D．waste srting starts t becme ppular in China
35．The structure f the passage may be_________．
(①=Paragraph1 ②=Paragraph2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph4 ⑤=Paragraph 5
⑥=Paragraph 6)
A．B．
C．D．
（七）
The pening f the Beijing—Zhangjiaku high-speed railway tk place in December, 2019．The railway is a milestne in China’s railway develpment because it has used the latest technlgies in railway building．
The railway is 174 kilmeters lng, with 10 statins．The statins are managed by ne cntrl center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Grup — als knwn as CR Bejing — as an “intelligent (智能的) brain”．The center cllects and shares the statins’ real-time infrmatin．“With the infrmatin, the wrkers in the center can cntrl the statins’ lighting and temperature, mnitr (监测) trains’ peratin and deal with emergencies(紧急情况)．” said Zhu Dianping, frm CR Beiing．
Zhu said sme trains n the Bejing—Zhangjiaku line are “smart” as they prvide 5G signals and wireless charging (无线充电) fr passengers, as well as intelligent lighting．These trains can start and stp, pen and clse drs, and deal with emergencies themselves．
All the ten statins prvide e-ticket services．Travelers wh have bught tickets nline can use their ID cards instead f waiting in line fr paper tickets．
At Qinghe Railway Statin in Beijing, China’s first visual remte ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed (安装) t help passengers wh are nt able t affrd tickets nline．Passengers keep in tuch with the cnductr thrugh the machine and buy tickets accrding t vide instructins．
In additin, the Badaling Great Wall Statin, the deepest undergrund railway statin in China, is anther great example f the cuntry’s achievements in railway building．
16．What des the wrd “milestne” mean in Chinese?
A．英石(重量单位)B．垫脚石C．里程碑D．里程表
17．The cntrl center is described as ________．
A．CR BeijingB．Railway Beijing GrupC．a railway statinD．an “intelligent brain”
18．Which is right accrding t the passage?
A．Each statin has a cntrl center．
B．All the trains can start and stp themselves．
C．All the statins have visual remte ticket vending machines．
D．The Badaling Great Wall Statin is the deepest undergrund railway statin in China．
19．E-ticket services are prvided s that travelers ________．
A．can buy cheaper ticketsB．needn’t wait in line fr paper tickets
C．can nly buy tickets nlineD．can buy paper tickets
20．What is special abut the Bejing—Zhangialu high-speed railway accrding t the passage?
A．Fast and cheap．B．Lng and deep．C．Smart and intelligent．D．Expensive and steady．
（八）
I think there are several reasns that suggest develping rbts is a waste f mney．
In San Dieg recently $325,000 was spent n inventing a rbtic squirrel t d sme scientific experiments．The research prved that squirrels are able t scare away snakes by wagging (摇动) their tails．D yu need a rbtic squirrel t wrk this ut?
What abut AIBO, a rbtic pet, develped in Japan? In Japanese aibu means “buddy”．These pets have been develped at huge cst mainly t prvide entertainment．They've been used in mvies and music vides．Universities have used them fr educatinal purpses．Hwever, in 2006 the cmpany stpped prducing these rbtic pets in rder t save mney．Was it wrth a lt f mney?
Then there’s NAO, a rbt which has been develped by a French cmpany．Its main purpse is t make life easier fr humans．It speaks 19 languages and has its wn persnality．It can tell children a stry, help in the classrm r the hme, r act as a cmpanin t thse peple wh need smene t be with．A fully develped ne csts $16,000．Is that value fr mney? Wh can affrd it anyway?
There may be gd reasns why it is wrth develping rbts, but s far I haven’t thught f any．
27．What des the underlined wrd “cmpanin” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A．公司B．机构C．对手D．伙伴
28．What is the true fact abut the rbts mentined?
A．The rbtic squirrel is needed by every scientist t d sme research．
B．AIBO wasn’t made any mre because it nly prvided entertainment．
C．A fully develped NAO may tell kids stries in different languages．
D．All the three types f rbts used t be prduced at a very lw cst．
29．What des the writer think f develping rbts?
A．It can help bring peple a lt f fun．B．It has advantages in many ways．
C．It may be useful but csts t much．D．It is wrth a great deal f mney．
（九）
Is there a cnnectin between music and language? Accrding t recent studies, the answer is yes: Music helps develp certain language abilities in the brain．
A study frm Nrthwestern University shws that playing a musical instrument can imprve a persn's hearing ability．As a part f the study, tw grups f peple listened t a persn talking in a nisy rm．The peple in the first grup were musicians, while thse in the secnd grup had n musical training．The musicians were fund t be able t hear the talking persn mre clearly．
Musicians hear better, says study leader Nina Kraus, because they learn t pay attentin t certain sunds．Fr example, when the vilinists play in an rchestra（管弦乐队）, they must listen clsely t what they are playing and ignre(忽视)the ther sunds．In this way, musicians can hear certain sunds better, even in a rm with lts f nise．
Gtfried Schlaug, a dctr at Harvard Medical Schl, wrks with strke(中风)patients．
Because f their illness, these peple cannt say their names, addresses, r ther infrmatin nrmally Hwever, they can till sing．Dr．Schlaug was surprised t find singing wrds helped his patients finally speak．Why des this wrk? Schlaug isn't sure．Music seems t be able t make different parts f the brain active, including the bad parts．In sme way, this helps patients use thse parts f the brain again．
S music is nt nly enjyable, but als gd fr us in many ther ways．Playing an instrument r singing, says Nina Kraus, can help us d better in schl and keep ur brain sharp as we get lder．
24．What were the peple in the first grup asked t d in the study f Nrthwestern University?
A．Listen t different kinds f music．B．Make sme nise in an empty rm．
C．Give the secnd grup musical training．D．Find ut what the talking persn was saying．
25．The writer uses the example f vilinists in Paragraph 3 t explain________．
A．hw musicians play in an rchestraB．hw musicians ignre certain sunds
C．why musicians have better hearing abilityD．why musicians are nt afraid f lud nise
26．Gttfried Schlaug helps his strke patients speak by________．
A．playing music fr themB．getting them t sing wrds
C．teaching them t play instrumentsD．jining the bad parts f their brain
27．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T intrduce different ways f playing music．
B．T give sme advice abut making ur brain active．
C．T shw the relatinship between music and language abilities．
D．T share the results f recent studies n treating strke patients．
（十）
Very ften, when we see yung peple sitting there, lking at the screen f a mbile phne and smiling, we may think nthing is wrng．But when we cme t the questin "hw much time d they actually spend n media(传播媒介）daily?", the answer is surprising: yung peple spend abut nine hurs every day using media, and this nly includes media used fr enjyment．
Tday's yung peple seem t have becme crazy multitaskers．They ften use media when ding ther activities．Sme watch TV when ding hmewrk, sme text(发短信), and sme thers listen t music．But what d yung peple think f this? A research shwed that tw thirds f them believed watching TV r texting had n influence n their schlwrk．Half f them thught using scial media made n difference．Hwever, researches have given a different answer: "media multitaskers" did wrse in tests．
Scientists did a research amng mre than 400 students．It shws that thse wh text a lt have mre truble sleeping and d wrse in their study．In anther research, students wh didn't text during a lessn tk dwn a lt mre ntes than thse wh were texting．A similar research als fund that students wh texted when ding schlwrk had lwer verall(总体的）grades．
Accrding t a research, if a kid uses scial media a lt, especially at night, he r she will sleep wrse and feel mre nervus and depressed(消沉的)．On the ne hand, yung peple stay up late t check messages and infrmatin．They may als be wken up by messages they receive．On the ther hand, even the light frm a screen culd influence their sleep．Sme ther researches als shw that children wh use media at night g t bed later, get fewer hurs f sleep each week, and becme sleepy mre easily during the daytime．
27．The answer t the questin in Paragraph l is surprising because yung peple ______．
A．spend abut 9 hurs n media fr fun daily
B．ften lk at their mbile phnes and smile
C．always sit there fr a lng time ding nthing
D．use different kinds f media t relax themselves
28．The underlined wrd "multitaskers" in Paragraph 2 refers t peple wh___________．
A．ask a lt f questinsB．use different media fr learning
C．have several mbile phnesD．d several tasks at the same time
29．Frm the passage we can learn that a kid will prbably ________ if he r she uses scial media a lt at night．
A．becme mre wrriedB．get mre excited
C．take fewer ntes in classD．sleep much better
30．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Scial media is very ppular amng yung peple．
B．Using media t much has a bad influence n yung peple．
C．The use f scial media has bth advantages and disadvantages．
D．Mbile phnes are the main tls students use fr schl learning．
（十一）
Mre than 330 millin visitrs are expected t take part in the 19th Natinal Science and Technlgy Week in China frm May 19 t 26．
During the science week, pen days will be held t let peple experience hw science and technlgy have imprved ur live．Arund 50,000 scientists will enter schls and villages t educate and wrk tgether with lcal peple．
The science week this is a big ne because it will shw China’s recent scientific achievements．And this year China will celebrate its 70th birthday．It’s an imprtant year fr the purpse f building a well-ff sciety(小康社会) by 2020．Since there are still sme pr areas in China, science and technlgy will be very helpful in their develpment．
Reaching ut t the wrld is als a best part f this year．Expert(专家) frm 13 cuntries within the Belt and Rad(一带一路) will take part in the science week and they will als wrk with the public．
37．The 19th Natinal Science and Technlgy Week will start n ___________ in China．
A．May 19B．May 20C．May 25D．May 26
38．Many scientists will enter schl and villages t ___________．
A．sell the latest prducts t lcal peple
B．learn mre abut the lcal envirnment
C．cllect mney fr their scientific research
D．educate and wrk tgether with lcal peple
39．Accrding t the passage, the science week this year will ___________．
A．send scientists ut t the wrldB．shw China’s recent scientific achievements
C．see new schls built in villageD．imprve the scial abilities f Chinese peple
40．This passage is mst prbably ___________．
A．a piece f newsB．a piece f adviceC．a stryD．a letter
（十二）
I am Turere．I cme frm Kitengela, a farming cmmunity n the edge(边缘) f Nairbi Natinal Park f Kenya(肯尼亚)．Since the age f nine．I have helped t lk after my family’s cws．As a child, in my free time．I enjyed playing with electrnics．I made my wn inventins, such as electrnic tys frm car parts and ther things．I als built ther electrnic devices(仪器) fr my neighbrs．
At the age f 13, I invented smething that changed my life．It als changed the lives f many peple in my cmmunity．One night, a lin frm the park came int my family’s farm and killed ne f ur cws．I was angry．Hwever, killing the lin, I thught, was nt the best way t slve the prblem．Instead, I decided t invent a slutin
The first idea I gt was t use fire, because I thught lins were scared f fire．But I came t realize that that didn’t really help, because it was even helping the lins t see thrugh the cwshed (牛棚)．S I didn’t give up．I cntinued．
And a secnd idea I gt was t use a scarecrw(稻草人)．I was trying t trick the lins int thinking that I was standing near the cwshed．But lins are very clever．They will cme the first day and they see the scarecrw, and they g back．But the secnd day, they’ll cme and they say, this thing is nt mving here, it is always here! S he jumps in and kills the animals．
S ne night, I was walking arund the cwshed with a trch(手电筒), and that day the lins didn’t cme．And I discvered that lins were afraid f a mving light．S I had an idea．
1．What was Turere interested in when he was a child?
A．Tricking the neighbrs．B．Lking after cws．
C．Playing with electrnics．D．Making car parts
2．What des the underlined wrd "it" in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A．The lin．B．The scarcer．C．The cw．D．The cwshed．
3．What’s the slutin t driving the lin away?
A．Using a mving light．B．Using a trch．C．Using a scarecrw．D．Using fire．
4．What can we get frm the passage?
A．The lin killed all the cws．B．Turere killed the lin at last．
C．The lin n lnger lived in the park．D．Turere’s inventin made peace with lins．
My name is Jenny．I want t be a teacher because my mther is a teacher．She always makes her classes interesting and she is nice t her students．S they like her very much．I'm prud f my mther．She sets a gd example fr me．Besides, as a patient persn, I think I will be gd with my kids．
I'm Jhn．I really want t be a scientist．Science is great and I'm interested in it．When I grw up, I want t discver many useful things t help peple．I must study hard t make it pssible．
Hi! I'm Helen Becming a dctr is my dream．As we all knw, dctrs can be heres they change the lives f their patients and give them hpe t live n．Every time I g t see a dctr and see a smile n the dctr's face, I feel really warm．
I'm Frank．I have a dream-t be a sldier．My cusin is a sldier．He lks cl and I think he is a real man．S I want t be a persn like him．Sldiers are brave．When ur cuntry is in truble, they are always there t help I want t be ne f them and serve ur cuntry．
参考答案
（一）
这是一篇应用文，文章用表格的形式介绍了四个人的梦想。
36．B【解析】推理判断题。根据“I want t be a teacher because my mther is a teacher”可知珍妮想当老师，可推断她想在学校工作。故选B。
37．A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Science is great and I'm interested in it”可知约翰对科学感兴趣。故选A。
38．D【解析】细节理解题。根据“see a smile n the dctr's face, I feel really warm”可知海伦看到医生的微笑她感觉温暖。故选D。
39．C【解析】细节理解题。根据“When ur cuntry is in truble, they are always there t help I want t be ne f them and serve ur cuntry．”可知法兰克想做士兵为国家效力。故选C。
40．D【解析】推理判断题。根据“ I want t be a teacher”，“ I really want t be a scientist”，“ Becming a dctr is my dream”及“I have a dream-t be a sldier”可知四个人在谈论梦想。故选D。
（二）
本文介绍了风筝在过去所起的作用。自古代中国起，人们就喜欢放风筝。风筝给了我们庆祝、放松和探索的方式。
31．B【解析】推理判断题。根据“Chinese farmers flew kites t welcme the New Year and bring gd luck t Earth．”和“During flds, Thai farmers flew kites ver their fields They hped the kites wuld drive away the cluds and stp the rain．”可知，在中国和泰国，人们用风筝来表达美好的愿望，故选B。
32．A【解析】细节理解题。根据“One Chinese stry tells hw sldiers put nise makers n kites and flew them at night ver the enemy camp．The enemies were frightened by the nise and ran away．”可知，根据一个中国故事所说，军队使用风筝让敌人在恐惧中离开。故选A。
33．A【解析】词义猜测题。strng lve强烈的爱，useful machine有用的机器，happy dream愉快的梦，cmmn treasure共同的财富。根据“Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts f the wrld and have great fun．”可知，人们喜欢风筝，所以passin与A项意思相符。故选A。
34．D【解析】细节理解题。根据“In 1749, fr example,”和“In 1906, cameras hanging frm kites tk pictures f San Francisc, ”可知，作者通过举例子来展开第5段，故选D。
35．C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Over the years,Kites have als helped peple understand the natural wrld．”和“Kites als helped inventrs find ut hw t make airplanes．”可知，本文主要介绍风筝在历史上起的作用，故选C。
（三）
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大自然对人类的身体健康有益，一些国家和城市正在积极地采取措施，让大自然成为我们生活的一部分。
45．B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Hwever, humans are spending mre time inside and less time utside…Many dctrs feel that this is a prblem in the twenty—first century”可知，本段主要以加拿大、美国等国家人们的户外活动时间情况为例，介绍了如今人们的户外活动时间正在逐渐减少。故选B。
46．B【解析】细节理解题。根据“And in cuntries such as the USA, nly 10% f teenagers spend time utside every day”可知，美国只有10%的青少年每天都在户外活动，故①—d；根据“In Dubai(迪拜), fr example, there are plans fr a new shpping mall with a large garden…”可知，迪拜的一座带有大花园的新的购物中心即将建成，故②—c；根据“In Switzerland, “frest schls” are ppular．Schlchildren study their subjects in the frests and d lts f exercise utside”可知，在瑞士，“森林学校”很受欢迎。小学生们在森林里学习他们的科目，在外面做大量的运动，故③—a；根据“And Suth Krea (韩国) is anther gd example: it has new frests near its cities and arund 13 millin peple visit these frests every year”可知，在韩国，每年大约有1300万人参观城市附近的森林，故④—b。故选B。
47．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“The virtual tuch with nature helped them feel mre relaxed．Anther gd example f hw nature is gd fr health cmes frm Canada”可知，实验结果显示，自然能够帮助人们放松，并且让人们更健康。故选C。
48．D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“sme cuntries and cities want nature t be part f peple’s everyday life…S after building cities fr s lng, perhaps it’s nw time t start rebuilding nature”可知，在建设了这么长时间的城市之后，也许现在是时候开始重建自然了，这句话意味着“我们应该重建自然，让自然成为我们生活的一部分”。故选D。
（四）
根据一份调查报告可知，现在的青少年阅读量比以前少了许多，需要引起社会及家长的重视，需要营造阅读的环境，同时家长也要做好示范作用，积极地参与到阅读当中来。
38．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段Accrding t the reprt, the number r teens wh hardly read has gne up frm 8 percent t 25 percent tday．The reprt data shws that kids’ reading ability remains almst the same．Hwever, the amunt f reading time has fallen, frm abut an hur every day t half an hur根据这份报告，几乎不识字的青少年人数已经从8%上升到今天的25%。报告数据显示，孩子们的阅读能力几乎保持不变。然而，阅读时间却有所下降，从每天大约一小时减少到半小时，可以得出的结论是现在的青少年阅读量比以前少了许多，故选A。
39．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段But it says that many parents chse t cntrl the time spent n e-bks, mainly because they are wrried abut the increased screen time．After all, it is imprtant t prtect their kids’ eyes．但报告指出，许多家长选择控制花在电子书上的时间，主要是因为他们担心屏幕时间的增加，毕竟保护孩子的眼睛很重要。可知对孩子们的健康有害，故选C。
40．B【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段It shws that parents are examples and imprtant guides fr them in reading．If parents read mre and find mre time t read with their children, it turns ut that their children actually read mre ften．这说明家长是他们阅读的榜样和重要的指导者，如果家长多读书，抽出更多的时间陪孩子阅读，结果发现他们的孩子实际上阅读的频率更高。可知孩子经常阅读的家长也会经常读书，说明了家长的榜样作用，可以得知家长要鼓励自己的孩子多读书，首先自己也要拿起课本，多读书才行，故选B。
41．B【解析】推理判断题。根据As summer vacatin arrives, parents might take this chance t step in, make a reading list and enjy the pleasant family reading time．随着暑假的到来，家长们不妨借此机会介入，列一份读书清单，享受家庭愉快的读书时光。可知鼓励家庭阅读。故选B。
（五）
【文章大意】本文主要讲李从公司业务员，怎样经过自己不懈的努力与准备，最终成为一名成功的朗读者。
1．D【解析】细节理解题。根据上文He tried t find a part-time jb as a wedding hst t imprve his cnfidence．可知他兼职做婚礼主持人的目的是为了提高他的信心。故选D。
2．C【解析】细节理解题。根据上文Hwever, he was under great pressure (压力) when he was signed up by Qingting．然而，当他被《倾听》签约时，他承受到了巨大的压力，可知他很担心，故选C。
3．C【解析】推理判断题。由最后两段On the rad t success, Li put a lt f effrt．he said, “Many peple have gd abilities and many wrk very hard, but they may fail．Early birds get wrms”．在成功的道路上，李先生付出了很多努力。他说：“许多人有很好的能力，许多人工作很努力，但他们可能会失败。早起的鸟儿有虫吃。”，由此可知他是通过努力取得了成功。故选C。
4．B【解析】推理判断题，根据本文写作顺序he started listening t audibks他开始听音频书 …Then, he psted his first audibk Yuth Will Nt Return n Qingting in 2016．2016年他在《倾听》发布了他的第一本有声读物《青春一去不复回》…．he was signed up as a vice perfrmer by Qingting他被《倾听》签约为一名语音表演者…．Li attended a training curse at Cmmunicatin University f China t learn dubbing(配音) 李在中国传媒大学参加了一个培训课程学习配音。故选B。
5．B【解析】最佳标题题。A．患难朋友才是真正的朋友；B．机会偏爱有准备的头脑；C．集思广益；D．时间不等人，本文主要讲李从公司业务员，怎样经过自己不懈的努力与准备，最终成为一名成功的朗读者。可知“机会偏爱有准备的头脑。”符合本文主题，故选B。
（六）
【文章大意】本文主要讲的是垃圾污染环境，危害人们的健康，导致动物死亡，同时也阻碍了可持续发展，并列举了处理垃圾问题的三种方法：减少他国的垃圾输入及制定废物处理的法律法规；废物合理利用；垃圾分类。
32．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段出现的三个问句“Where des the waste g?．．．What abut the useless part?．．．But is it a prper way?”可知，本文是通过提出问题开始的，故选C。
33．B【解析】词义猜测题。根据“We shuld leave clean water and green muntains t ur next generatins(一代人)．”（我们应该把青山绿水留给我们的下一代）可推断，suitable在这里的意思是“可持续的”，也就是我们经常说的“可持续发展”，故选B。
34．D【解析】细节理解题。根据“waste srting is a new fashin(时尚)．Mre and mre peple are frming the habit f separating their waste．”（垃圾分类是一个新的时尚。越来越多的人养成了废物分类的习惯。）可知，垃圾分类在中国已经开始流行，故选D。
35．A【解析】文章结构题。文章最后一段才提到垃圾分类，所以C、D结构是错误的；文章第四段的“减少他国的垃圾输入及制定垃圾处理的法律法规”，第五段的“废物合理利用”以及第六段的“垃圾分类”，都属于第三段的“处理废物问题的方法”，所以排除B，故选A。
（七）
【文章大意】本文介绍了北京至张家口高速铁路，这条铁路是中国铁路发展的里程碑，因为这条铁路采用了铁路建设的最新技术。
16．C【解析】词意猜测题。根据第一段中“because it has used the latest technlgies in railway building”可知，北京至张家口高速铁路采用了铁路建设的最新技术，所以说这条铁路是中国铁路发展的一个里程碑。故选C。
17．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The statins are managed by ne cntrl center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Grup …as an “intelligent (智能的) brain””可知，控制中心被描述为“智能大脑”。故选D。
18．D【解析】细节理解题。Each statin has a cntrl center．每个车站有一个控制中心。根据第二段中“The statins are managed by ne cntrl center”可知，所有车站只有一个控制中心，所以A项错误；All the trains can start and stp themselves．所有的火车都可以自动启动和停止。根据第三段中“Zhu said sme trains n the Bejing—Zhangjiaku line are “smart” …These trains can start and stp…”可知，在北京至张家口高速铁路上运行的一些火车可以自动启动和停止，并不是所有火车都可以，所以B项错误；All the statins have visual remte ticket vending machines．所有车站都有可视的远程售票机。根据倒数第二段中“At Qinghe Railway Statin in Beijing, China’s first visual remte ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed…”可知，在北京的清河站安装了第一台远程可视售票机，并不是所有车站都有远程可视售票机，所以C项错误；The Badaling Great Wall Statin is the deepest undergrund railway statin in China．八达岭长城站是中国最深的地铁站。根据最后一段中“In additin, the Badaling Great Wall Statin, the deepest undergrund railway statin in China…”可知，八达岭长城站是中国最深的地铁站，所以D项正确。故选D。
19．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“All the ten statins prvide e-ticket services．Travelers wh have bught tickets nline can use their ID cards instead f waiting in line fr paper tickets．”可知，车站提供了电子票务服务以后，旅客不必排队购买纸质车票。故选B。
20．C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The statins are managed by ne cntrl center, which is described by China Railway Beijing Grup — als knwn as CR Bejing — as an “intelligent (智能的) brain”．”、第三段中“These trains can start and stp, pen and clse drs, and deal with emergencies themselves．”、第四段中“All the ten statins prvide e-ticket services．”、第五段中“At Qinghe Railway Statin in Beijing, China’s first visual remte ticket vending machine (远程可视售票机) has been installed (安装) t help passengers wh are nt able t affrd tickets nline．”可知，这条铁路的车站控制中心被称为“智能大脑”，一些列车可以自动启停并处理紧急情况，所有车站都提供电子票务服务，清河站还安装了中国第一台远程可视售票机，这些都说明这条高速铁路智能化程度非常高，这也是这条铁路的特别之处。故选C。
（八）
【文章大意】本文作者通过举例说明开发机器人是浪费钱，开发机器人可能有很好的理由，但作者目前还没想到。
27．D【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境“act as a cmpanin t thse peple wh need smene t be with”讲“作那些需要陪伴的人的一名____”，结合选项可知应是“伙伴”。故选D。
28．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第2段中“In San Dieg recently $325,000 was spent n inventing a rbtic squirrel t d sme scientific experiments．”讲到发明松鼠机器人来做一些科学实验，并未提到每个科学家都需要，A项错误；根据第2段中“Hwever, in 2006 the cmpany stpped prducing these rbtic pets in rder t save mney．”可知停止生产AIBO是为了省钱，B项错误；根据第3段中“It speaks 19 languages and has its wn persnality．It can tell children a stry ．．．”可知一个完全开发的NAO可以用不同的语言给孩子讲故事，C项正确；根据文中价格信息“$325,000”“at huge cst”“$16,000”可知这些机器人的生产耗资巨大，D项错误。故选C。
29．C【解析】观点态度题。根据第一段中“I think there are several reasns that suggest develping rbts is a waste f mney．”及文中例子可知作者认为开发机器人可能是有用的，但花费太多，是在浪费钱。故选C。
（九）
【文章大意】本文谈论的是音乐和语言之间的联系。结果表明，演奏乐器可以提高一个人的听力能力，甚至能帮助一个生病的人变得更好。
24．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“The peple in the first grup were musicians, while thse in the secnd grup had n musical training．The musicians were fund t be able t hear the talking persn mre clearly．第一组是音乐家，而第二组没有受过音乐训练。音乐家们被发现能更清楚地听到说话的人。”，可知第一组的人被要求找出谈话的人在说什么，故选D。
25．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Fr example…In this way, musicians can hear certain sunds better, even in a rm with lts f nise．例如，当小提琴手在管弦乐队中演奏时，他们必须仔细倾听他们正在演奏的东西，而忽略其他声音。这样，音乐家可以更好地听到某些声音，即使是在一个有很多噪音的房间里。”，可知作者用小提琴手的例子来解释为什么音乐家有更好的听力，故选C。
26．B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Dr．Schlaug was surprised t find singing wrds helped his patients finally speak．”，可知Gttfried Schlaug通过让中风患者唱歌来帮助他们说话，故选B。
27．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Accrding t recent studies, the answer is yes: Music helps develp certain language abilities in the brain．根据最近的研究，答案是肯定的：音乐有助于培养大脑的某些语言能力。”，可知这篇文章的主要目的是说明音乐与语言能力的关系，故选C。
（十）
【文章大意】本文介绍了目前存在的问题，社交媒体的过多使用会带来很多负面的影响。
27．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“the answer is surprising: yung peple spend abut nine hurs every day using media, and this nly includes media used fr enjyment．”可知，问题的答案令人惊讶，因为年轻人每天花9个小时在媒体上娱乐。故选A。
28．D【解析】词句猜测题。A：问许多问题；B：为了学习使用不同的媒体；C：有几部手机；D：同时做不同的任务。分析“Tday's yung peple seem t have becme crazy multitaskers．They ften use media when ding ther activities．”可知，他们经常在做其他活动的时候使用媒体。所以他们是一心多用的人，此处强调“同时做不同的事”。故选D。
29．A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Accrding t a research, if a kid uses scial media a lt, especially at night, he r she will seep wrse and feel mre nervus and depressed(消沉的)．”可知，如果一个孩子晚上经常使用社交媒体，那么孩子会睡得更糟，感觉更紧张和抑郁。结合选项，故选A。
30．B【解析】主旨大意题。A：社交媒体在年轻人中非常流行。B：过度使用媒体对年轻人有不良影响。C：社交媒体的使用有利有弊。D：手机是学生在学校学习的主要工具。分析本文内容可知，本文介绍了目前存在的问题，社交媒体的过多使用会带来很多负面的影响。结合选项，故选B。
（十一）
【文章大意】短文介绍了第19届中国科技周，届时将有超过3．3亿游客参加。在科学周期间，将举行开放日，让人们体验科学和技术如何改善我们的生活。将展示中国最近的科学成就。来自13个国家的专家们将参加科技周，他们也将与公众一起工作。
37．A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文开头的句子＂Mre than 330 millin visitrs are expected t take part in the 19th Natinal Science and Technlgy Week in China frm May 19 t 26．＂可知，第19届中国科技周于5月19日开始，故答案为A。
38．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子＂Arund 50,000 scientists will enter schls and villages t educate and wrk tgether with lcal peple．＂大约5万名科学家将进入学校和村庄，与当地人一起教育和工作。故答案为D。
39．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子＂The science week this is a big ne because it will shw China’s recent scientific achievements．＂可知，今年的科技周将展示中国最近的科学成就。故答案为B。
40．A【解析】推理判断题。短文向我们介绍了第19届中国科技周的举办时间，活动内容，来自一带一路13个国家的专家们也将参加本届科技周。由此判断这段文章很可能是一则新闻，故答案为A。
（十二）
【文章大意】文章讲诉了作者小时候帮家里照看奶牛，业余时间喜欢玩电器，发明了一些东西，在他13岁时，发明了一个改变他的生活和社区的居民生活的一个东西，一天，他发现一头狮子来吃奶牛，开始他用火吓唬狮子，可是狮子不害怕火，后来他有用稻草人，但是狮子很聪明，几次后发现稻草人不是真人，后来作者用手电查看牛棚，那晚狮子没再来，他知道狮子害怕移动的光，因此他有了一个主意。
1．C【解析】细节理解题。根据As a child, in my free time．I enjyed playing with electrnics．可知喜欢玩电器；故选C。
2．B【解析】细节理解题。根据They will cme the first day and they see the scarecrw, and they g back．But the secnd day, they’ll cme and they say, this thing is nt mving here, it is always here!可知是稻草人总是在那儿；故选B。
3．A【解析】细节理解题。根据I discvered that lins were afraid f a mving light．可知是移动的光赶走狮子；故选A。
4．D【解析】细节理解题。根据S ne night, I was walking arund the cwshed with a trch(手电筒), and that day the lins didn’t cme．可知狮子没有杀死所有的奶牛，根据that day the lins didn’t cme．可知也没杀死狮子，根据文章内容没有提到狮子生活在公园的事情，根据that day the lins didn’t cme．And I discvered that lins were afraid f a mving light．S I had an idea可知他的发明使得和狮子和平相处；故选D。