(译林版)2020版高考英语一轮习第1部分：语言知识 必修4 Unit 2　能力提升题组训练（B）(含解析)

www.ks5u.com能力提升题组训练(B)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018广州高三综合测试)

It’ s no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the world—but you might be surprised at just how deep it goes.Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.

Highly Sensitive

Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed.Additionally,they may feel more upset about an ineffective or a poor workout,says researcher Elaine Aron.

For such people,individual or non-competitive activities like biking,running and hiking are ideal.

Type A Personality

Type A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise.This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan,not to mention being super competitive.However,this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine,which means they might try to push past an injury.

To get better exercise results,Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress.They should be more flexible and listen to their body,especially when they are in pain.

Type B Personality

This laid-back group may get too lazy about their exercise plan,which prevents them from seeing results.They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals,especially if exercise is something that makes them anxious.

Type B individuals succeed in creative and cooperative environments,so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.

Remember,there are plenty of ways you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs,regardless of your characteristics.Just keep in mind what you like.

1.Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?

A.They will feel like they are being evaluated. B.They don’t like socializing with other people.

C.They don’t consider themselves to be athletic. D.They fear they’ll be let down by their teammates.

2.Type A people can be best described as 　　　. 

A.committed     B.flexible    C.independent  D.sensitive

3.What is the purpose of the text?

A.To help people understand what personality type they are.

B.To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits.

C.To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise.

D.To describe different types of workouts that are available today.

语篇解读:本文是议论文,论述了人的性格影响体育锻炼项目的选择。

答案及剖析:

1.A　细节理解题。根据Highly Sensitive部分的第一句话可知,高度敏感的人可能不喜欢参加团体运动课程或团队运动的原因是他们觉得自己的每一个动作都会被观察的。

2.A　推理判断题。根据“Type A Personality”部分的“This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan,not to mention being super competitive”可知,这种性格的人会坚持自己的计划,即他们非常的坚定。

3.B　写作目的题。通读全文尤其是文章第一段的第二句“Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you”可知,本文论述了人的性格会影响体育锻炼项目的选择,并介绍了不同性格人的体育锻炼习惯。

B

(2018洛阳高三模拟)

Victorian times started in 1837 and ended in 1901.Toys and games children played at that time were very different from those of today.

During the 19th century,rich children had more factory-made toys to choose from:dolls and doll’s houses,tea-sets and toy shops with toy fruit,vegetables, meat,hats and medicines.Other popular toys were sailing boats and Noah’s Arks.

Many children from poor families lived in poor conditions,but there were still simple ways of having fun.In poor families,most toys were made of wood,paper or metal.There were no plastic toys.Poor children usually played with homemade toys.A clothes peg(晾衣夹) might be turned into a doll,and a piece of wood might become a toy boat.As a treat,families sometimes bought cheap factory-made toys from a “penny stall” in the market.

The Victorians were fond of outdoor games,such as football.Schools encouraged team games to “build character”.The Victorians made up rules for many games we still play.An example is badminton,which developed from an old game called battledore and shuttlecock.

Indoors,children played board games,such as Snakes and card games.A popular card game was Happy Families,introduced in the middle of the Victorian period.There were also pencil and paper games,such as Noughts and Crosses,which we still play today. Children played table games,such as Tiddlywinks,a popular game in the 1890s,and Shove Halfpenny and Bagatelle.At parties,children played traditional “ring” games like Oranges and Lemons and Kiss in the Ring.

4.What do we know about poor children in Victorian times?

A.They admired children from rich families. 

B.They liked playing with clothes pegs best.

C.They had their own fun in spite of being poor. 

D.They were good at making toys by themselves.

5.Children were encouraged to play team games in schools in order to 　　　. 

A.live a colorful life      B.build their characters

C.develop their teamwork  D.improve their physical fitness

6.It can be concluded from the text that 　　　. 

A.some Victorian games have been passed down 

B.Victorian children played novel games at parties

C.home-made toys were popular in Victorian times 

D.poor children were treated badly in Victorian times

7.Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?

语篇解读:本文是说明文,讲述了维多利亚时代儿童的玩具以及所玩的游戏。

答案及剖析:

4.C　细节理解题。由第三段可知,维多利亚时代穷人家的孩子尽管条件有限,但也有自己的玩具,并能从中获得乐趣。

5.B　细节理解题。由第四段的第二句Schools encouraged team games to “build character”.可知,学校提倡孩子们玩团队游戏是为了培养孩子们的性格。

6.A　推理判断题。由第四段的倒数第二句和最后一段的第三句可推知,一些维多利亚时代的游戏得到了传承。

7.D　推理判断题。综合全文可知,文章第一段提出维多利亚时代的儿童所玩的游戏和当今时代儿童所玩的有着很大的不同,接着分别介绍了富人家儿童的玩具、穷人家儿童的玩具、维多利亚时代的室外游戏和室内游戏,故选D。

Ⅱ.语法填空

(2018郑州高中毕业生年级质量预测)

Nobody wants to be aged,but 1.　　　　 it comes to visiting cities most of us want to visit the world’s 2.　　　　 (old) cities.Luoyang is one of the oldest and most 3.　　　　 (attraction) cities in the world that I’d like to recommend to you. 

Luoyang stands out 4.　　　　 the oldest continually inhabited city in Asia.The city is considered to be 5.　　　　 birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China.There 6.　　　　 (be) no other city in China that has seen so many 7.　　　　(dynasty) like Luoyang. 

With such a long and exciting history,Luoyang has really a lot 8.　　　　 (offer).The Longmen Grottoes,which were included on the World Heritage List in 2000,and many historic Buddhist temples 9.　　　　 (constant) attract tourists from all over the world.Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple,the earliest Buddhist temple 10.　　　　 (establish) in China.Are you anxious to visit the city? 

答案及剖析:

1.when　此处由when引导时间状语从句。when it comes to当提到,固定搭配,句意为“当提到去城市旅游”。

2.oldest　世界上最古老的城市。

3.attractive　修饰cities作定语,用形容词。

4.as　由句意知,此处为“作为”,填介词as。

5.the　由后文的of Chinese culture and history可知此处为特指。

6.is　由上下文的现在时态和主语no other city可知此处需系动词第三人称单数。故填is。

7.dynasties　由空前的many可知需填可数名词复数。

8.to offer　不定式作后置定语修饰a lot。

9.constantly　修饰动词attract,副词作状语。

10.established　过去分词作定语修饰中心词the earliest Buddhist temple。

Ⅲ.短文改错

(2018合肥质量检测)

I am one of the top students in my class who could speak English fluently and smoothly.Impressing with my English speaking skills,my classmates asked me introduce how I became fluent in English.Here are some tips on speaking English fluently.

Firstly,use every opportunity in class to speak English.The more you speak,and the easier you will find speak English.Secondly,be confident with speaking English and don’t worry about making mistakes.The most important thing is to express which you want to say.Finally,this is important to communicate your opinions as natural as possible.Use some communication skills while you are speaking.

I do hope you will benefit from the tip.

答案:I am one of the top students in my class who speak English fluently and smoothly. with my English speaking skills,my classmates asked me introduce how I became fluent in English.Here are some tips on speaking English fluently.

Firstly,use every opportunity in class to speak English.The more you speak, and  the easier you will find English.Secondly,be confident speaking English and don’t worry about making mistakes.The most important thing is to express you want to say.Finally, is important to communicate your opinions as as possible.Use some communication skills while you are speaking.

I do hope you will benefit from the .

剖析:由上下文时态知此处用一般现在时,故将could改为can。

impress与主语my classmates是动宾关系,故用impressed。

ask sb.to do sth.为固定搭配。

The+比较级,the+比较级表示“越……就越……”,固定搭配,and多余。

作find的宾语,故用v.-ing形式。

be confident about/of “对……自信”,固定搭配。

what引导宾语从句并作say的宾语,which在宾语从句中表疑问,指“哪个……?”不符合句意。

It’s important to do sth.是固定句型,it是形式主语,不定式短语是真正的主语。

修饰动词communicate用副词作状语,故natural改为naturally。

由上文知此处建议不止一条,故tip需用复数形式。