2020版高考英语新创新一轮复习译林版讲义：必修3Unit1Theworldofoursenses


Unit 1 The world of our senses

一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．raised adj.　　　　　凸起的
2．mist n. 薄雾；水汽
3．nowhere adv. 无处，到处都不
4．beard n. 胡须，络腮胡子
5．pavement n. (马路边的)人行道
6．sniff vi.& vt. (吸着气)嗅，闻
7．analyse vt. 分析
8．pole n. 地极；柱子，棍，杖
9．triangle n. 三角形；三角形物体
10．tap n．& vt.& vi. 轻拍，轻敲
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．forecast (forecast, forecast) vt. & n. 预测，预报
2．glance vi.& n. 瞥一眼，匆匆看
3．wherever adv.& conj. 无论哪里
4．approach vi.& vt. 靠近；着手处理
n. 靠近；方法；路径
5．grasp vt. 抓紧，抓牢
6.likely adj.　　　　　　可能的
7．aid n．& vt. 帮助
8．relief n. 轻松，宽慰
9．reduce vt.& vi. 减少
10．volunteer n. 志愿者
vi.& vt. 自愿做，义务做
11．distance n. 距离；远处
12．suit n. 套装
vt. 适合，满足需要
13．attach vt. 使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
14．whisper vi.& vt. 小声说；私下说
15．contrary adj. 相反的
n. 相反的事实或情况
16．calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的，平静的
vt.& vi. 使平静，镇静
17．panic vi.& n. 惊慌，恐慌
18．helper n. 帮助者
19．firmly adv. 牢牢地，坚定地
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．observe vt.观察；注意到；评论→observation n．观察→observer n．观察者
2．confuse vt.使糊涂，使迷惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusedly adv.受困惑地
3．hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑不决→hesitation n．犹豫，踌躇
4．anxious adj.焦虑，忧虑→anxiety n．焦虑；渴望→anxiously adv.焦虑地
5．grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的→gratefully adv.感激地；感谢地→gratitude n．感激，感谢
6．recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认→recognition n．识别；确认，认可；赏识
7．puzzle vt.迷惑，使困惑n.谜，疑问→puzzled adj.困惑的→puzzling adj.令人费解的
8．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的→ignorance n．愚昧，无知
9．disability n．缺陷；伤残→disabled adj.残废的，有缺陷的→disable v．使(某人)失去能力，残疾
10．attract vt.吸引→attractive adj.有吸引力的，诱人的→attraction n．吸引，有吸引力的人或事
11．employ vt.使用；雇佣→employer n．雇佣者，雇主→employee n．受雇者，雇员，雇工→employment n．职业；雇佣，使用
12．hopeful adj.抱有希望的→hopefully adv.满怀希望地→hope n. & vt.希望→hopeless adj.没有希望的
[语境活用]
1．Hangzhou is considered to be one of the most attractive places in China and the West Lake is one of its top attractions.(attract)
2．Encouraged by his teacher, the hopeless child is very hopeful about his future. Full of hope and confidence, he'll succeed in time.(hope)
3．The young inventor was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)
4．The observer has been observing the situation of that region for a long time, so his observation is believable.(observe)
5．When in trouble, don't hesitate to ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation.(hesitate)
6．The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employee before he came to work.(employ)
7．He had changed so much that you couldn't recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition.(recognize)
8．Owing to ignorance of traffic laws, some drivers usually ignore the speed limit.(ignore)
9．I can hardly express how grateful I feel, so I will give him a present as an expression of gratitude.(grateful)



(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.in_sight　　　　看得到，在视力范围之内
2．wish_for 盼望，企盼
3．reach_out 伸出(手)
4．watch_out_for 留心，密切注意
5．roll_up 卷起来
6．glance_at 瞥一眼，匆匆看
7．pay_back 偿还；回报；报复
8．contrary_to 与……相反
9．attach_..._to_... 把……附在……上
10．clear_up (天气)放晴；清理
11．work_out 制订出；算出
12．come_across 偶然遇到
13．come_to_one's_aid 帮助某人
14．stare_at 盯着看，睁大眼睛看
15．be_grateful_to 对……表示感激
16．make_sense 有意义；讲得通
17．in_the_distance 在远处
18．to_one's_surprise 使某人惊奇的是
1.I have been so busy that I have no time to clear_up the place which is so messy.
2．The noise of the engine died away as the car disappeared in_the_distance.
3．Mark was thought of as a failure.But contrary_to all our expectations, he's found a well­paid job and a nice girlfriend.
4．There being no one in_sight in the street at night, Mary felt very frightened.
5．If you wish_for any further explanation, you had better apply in person to the chief of police.
6．The doctor said I may be sick, and that I must watch_out_for symptoms which can send me to hospital.
7．It's advisable not to consult the dictionary the moment you come_across a new word.Try to guess at its meaning.
8．Any significant social change brings about problems and it is essential to work_out proper solutions.
9．I left my wallet at home.Can you lend me 10 dollars? I will pay_back the money to you on Friday.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
波莉发现自己正抬头看着一张长着络腮胡子的老人的脸。
感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语。
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)我发现你对打乒乓球很感兴趣，因为你一直热衷于乒乓球。
I find_you_interested_in playing ping­pong, for you have been enthusiastic about ping­pong.
2.Since it is believed that strong smells can affect the senses, volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment.
因为人们相信强烈的气味会影响感官，所以志愿者们被要求实验前八小时不要吃喝。
“It is ＋ 过去分词
(believed/thought/said/
reported/...)＋that从句”意为“据坚信/认为/说/报道/……”。
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)据说剪纸早在我国汉代就被用来作为装饰品。
It_is_said_that paper­cutting was used as a decoration as early as the Han Dynasty in our country.
3.While having dinner, listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch television.
吃饭的时候，听一些好听的音乐而不要看电视。
rather than用于平行结构中，意为“……而不是……”。
(2017·浙江高考满分作文)既然我们打算去爬山，一定要穿运动鞋而不要穿皮鞋。
As we intend to climb mountains, do be sure to wear gym shoes rather_than leather shoes.
4.Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为你被闪电击中的几率可能是被鲨鱼攻击的30倍。
倍数表达法：倍数＋形容词比较级＋than ...。
这个大厅的面积比我们教室大五倍。
The hall is five_times_bigger_than our classroom.

二、课堂重点深化


1．observe vt.观察；注意到；遵守；庆祝；评论
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中observe的含义
①Our teacher took us on field trips to observe plants and animals.观察
②This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer, a biologist at Flinders University, and her colleagues. 注意到
③Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people.遵守
④People of many Western countries observe Christmas. 庆祝

单句语法填空/句型转换
⑤My uncle acted as an observer (observe) at the UNESCO International Youth Forum.
⑥In hospital she'll be under observation (observe) all the time.
⑦She observed a man walking on the opposite of the way.
→She observed that a man was walking on the opposite of the way.
　[系统归纳]
(1)observe Christmas/New Year's Day/festivals
　　 　　 　 　　庆祝圣诞/元旦/节日
observe
(2)observation n. 观察；注意；监视
observer n. 遵守者，观察者；观察员
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑧Tom was observed enter the bank and withdraw some money. enter前加to
佳句时时写
⑨(2016·江苏高考书面表达)如果我们能制定一些让人们遵守的参与规则，情况就会变得更好。
Things_will_turn_for_the_better_if_we_can_work_out_some_participation_rules_for_people_to_observe.
[名师指津]　observe用于被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式须带to。
2．glance vi. & n．瞥一眼，匆匆看；扫视
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①She glanced_at me through her glasses, “You are no different from your classmates, young man.”
她透过眼镜朝我看了一眼，“年轻人，你和你的同学没有什么不同。”
②He glanced_over/took_a_glance_at the letter and then put it into his drawer.
他匆匆看了一下信，然后把它放进了抽屉里。
③At_first_glance,_the problem seemed easy.
乍一看，这个问题好像很容易。
　[系统归纳]
(1)glance at sth./sb.　　　 匆匆看一下某物/人
glance over/through sth. 粗略地/随便地看一看某物；浏览某物
(2)at first glance 乍一看；乍看之下
take/give a glance at 匆匆看一眼　
[重点强化]
易错处处防
④The teacher glanced his watch and announced that the time was up.glance后加at
佳句时时写
⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)乍一看，我们学校体育馆的外观设计像鸟巢。
At_first_glance,_the_exterior_design_of_our_school_stadium_looks_like_the_Bird_Nest.
3．approach vt.靠近，接近；着手处理 n．接近；靠近；途径；方法
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中approach的含义
①As autumn approached, the plants and colours in the garden changed.接近，临近
②We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.方法
③He thought of several ways of approaching this problem.着手处理
单句语法填空/句型转换
④The school has decided to adopt a different approach to dicipline.
⑤As the time for graduation is approaching，we are busy with our papers.
→With the time for graduation approaching，we are busy with our papers.
　[系统归纳]
(1)(an) approach to (doing) ... ……的方法/通道/途径(to为介词)
(2)approach sb./sth.　　　 靠近/接近某人/某物
with ... approaching 随着……的临近
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥The job market has changed and our approaches to find work must change as well.find→finding



佳句时时写
⑦(2017·天津高考书面表达)随着第十三届全运会的临近，我们志愿者正在加快准备工作。
With_the_13th_National_Games_approaching,_we_volunteers_are_speeding_up_preparations.
[名师指津]　表示“做……的方法”的表达还有：the way to do/of (doing) sth., the means of (doing) sth., the method of (doing) sth.等。
4．hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑不决；踌躇
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Jim was still hesitating about/over whether to apologise to her or not.
②Don't hesitate to_tell (tell) them that the background noises are getting in the way.
③He leapt into the water without hesitation (hesitate) and saved the drowning child.
一句多译
她毫不犹豫地接受了我的提议。
④She didn't_hesitate_to_accept my offer.(hesitate)
⑤She accepted my offer without_hesitation.(hesitation)
⑥She had_no_hesitation_in_accepting my offer.(hesitation)
　[系统归纳]
(1)hesitate to do sth.　　　 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
hesitate about/over ... 对……犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n. 犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事　
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑦If you have questions, don't hesitate asking us for help.asking→to_ask
佳句时时写
⑧(2015·天津高考书面表达)如果还有什么我能为你做的，请不要犹豫，直接告诉我。
If_there_is_something_else_I_can_do_for_you,_please_don't_hesitate_to_tell_me.
5．anxious adj.焦虑的，忧虑的；不安的
　[自主体验]

单句语法填空
①Lack of self­confidence, Jack can't help being anxious about/for his job interview.
②Her family was poor, so the girl was anxious to_finish (finish) school and get a job.
③The couple are waiting for their daughter's reply with anxiety (anxious)．
句式升级
④She looked at her sick child and was very anxious.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
→She_looked_at_her_sick_child,_very_anxious.
　[系统归纳]
(1)be anxious about/for ...　　 为……担心/担忧
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
(2)anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；渴望
with anxiety 焦虑地
(3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤No one comes. Suddenly, a lady with an anxiously look rushed in. anxiously→anxious
佳句时时写
⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)当你第一次作为一位客人去中国朋友家做客时，你可能会感到有点压力和焦虑，这是正常的。
It's_normal_that_you_may_feel_a_little_stressed_and_anxious_when_being_a_guest_to_a_Chinese_friend's_home_for_the_first_time._
6．relief n．轻松，宽慰；(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；救济
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①It is a great relief to have rain after a long time of drought.
②I was in relief when the exam was over.
完成句子
③To_our_great_relief,_the accident caused little damage.
使我们大感宽慰的是，事故造成的损失很少。
④The medicine greatly relieved_him_of his headache.
这种药极大地减轻了他的头痛。
　[系统归纳]
(1)in relief　　　　　　　 如释重负；松了口气
to one's relief 令人感到欣慰的是
with relief 宽慰地
It's a relief to do sth. 做某事是令人欣慰的
(2)relieve vt. 使轻松，宽慰；缓解
relieve sb. of ... 解除某人……方面的负担
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤So heavy was the load that I felt a great relief after taking it off.去掉a
佳句时时写
⑥(2018·天津高考书面表达)你在机器人竞赛(robotics competition)中获得过一等奖，如果你能加入我们的团队我们会感到很安心。
You_have_won_the_first_prize_in_a_robotics_competition_and_it_will_be_a_relief_to_see_that_you_join_our_team.
7．recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Celeste Ng, a new writer, has gained recognition (recognize) for her first novel, Everything I Never Told You.
②Although he hadn't seen grandma for years, he recognized her from/by her voice over the phone at once.
③Since 1958, they have been recognized as/to_be the national theatre of Israel.
完成句子
④My hometown has_changed_beyond/out_of_recognition since I left here last time.
自从我上次离开这里以来，我的家乡已经变得认不出来了。
⑤It_is_recognized_that traffic jam has become one serious problem to citizens.
人们认识到，交通堵塞已成为市民面临的一个严重问题。
　[系统归纳]
(1)recognize sb./sth.by/from ... 根据……认出某人/物　　
be recognized to be/as ... 被认为是……，被认作……
It is generally recognized that ... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认识；认出
out of/beyond recognition 认不出来
　[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
⑥The firm recognized Tom's outstanding work by giving him an extra bonus.表彰，表扬
佳句时时写
⑦(2018·江苏高考书面表达)人们认识到，大多数消费者可以根据消费排名找到一个满意的产品。
It_is_recognized_that_most_consumers_can_find_a_satisfactory_product_according_to_the_ratings.
8．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Ignorance (ignore) of people brings fear, fear of the unknown.
②People don't like to ask questions for fear of appearing ignorant (ignore)．
③He confessed himself that he was ignorant of/about their family income.
　[系统归纳]
(1)ignorant adj.　　　　　 (对某事)不了解的；无知的
be ignorant of/about ... 对……不知道/不了解
(2)ignorance n. 无知
out of ignorance 由于无知
be in ignorance of ... 不知道……
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④It might be better to keep her ignorance of what has happened.her后加in
佳句时时写
⑤(2018·江苏高考书面表达)然而，消费者在购物时不应忽视消费排名的重要性。
However,_consumers_shouldn't_ignore_the_significance_of_the_ratings_while_shopping.





9．attach vt.使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要；附属
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中attach的含义
①With the skin gone, to what can the hair attach itself? 把……附在……上
②The high school is attached to that university.附属于
③We must attach importance to the education of the children.认为……重要
单句语法填空
④This hospital attached (attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood.
⑤Father asked me to attach a stamp to the envelope and mail it.
⑥Honestly speaking, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming (become) rich and famous.
句式升级
⑦All of us should attach great importance to the safety of school buses. (变为被动语态)
→Great_importance_should_be_attached_to_the_safety_of_school_buses.
　[系统归纳]
(1)attach ... to ...　 把……附在……上
attach importance/significance/value to ... 认为……有重要性/意义/价值(to为介词)
(2)attached adj. 依恋的；附属的；喜欢的
be attached to 喜欢；依附于；隶属于
　[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
⑧The authorities attached much significance to the new president's visit.赋予
佳句时时写
⑨(2018·浙江高考书面表达)我一直非常重视英语口语，所以流利地说英语是没有问题的。
I_have_been_attaching_great_importance_to_spoken_English,_so_there_is_no_problem_for_me_to_speak_English_fluently.
10．panic vi.& n．惊慌，恐慌
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①Office workers fled in_panic as the building caught fire.
大楼着火时，办公室人员惊慌逃出。
②When she found her son was out of sight, the lady got_into_a_panic.
那位女士发现儿子不见了时十分惊慌。
③Rumours panicked_many_citizens_into_flooding into supermarkets to buy salt.
谣言令许多市民涌入超市买盐。
　[系统归纳]
(1)in (a) panic　　　　　　 惊慌失措地
get into a panic 陷入惊慌状态
(2)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人(因惊慌)仓促做某事
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④The girl started spitting blood and her mother paniced.paniced→panicked
佳句时时写
⑤(2017·浙江高考书面表达)Mac冲进车里，砰地一声关上(slam)车门，浑身发抖，惊慌失措。
Mac_rushed_into_the_car,_slammed_the_door_and_trembled_all_over_in_panic.
[名师指津]　panic的过去式和过去分词分别是panicked, panicked; 现在分词是panicking。


1．in sight看得见，在视力范围之内
　[系统归纳]
out of sight　　　　　　　 看不见
at first sight 初看时，乍一看
at the sight of ... 一看见……
catch sight of 看见
lose sight of 看不见
come into sight 进入视野
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)
①There was no taxi in_sight,_so I had to take a bus into town.
②I caught_sight_of my former teacher just now, but he turned at a corner and I lost sight of him.
③The boy's eyes popped at_the_sight_of the rich variety of food on show.
④At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter till the train was out_of_sight.　
⑤Tom met Mary at a party, and they fell in love at_first_sight.
⑥The children ran to the bus stop happily when the bus came_into_sight.
佳句时时写
⑦(2018·北京高考书面表达)一踏进这所大学的校门，你就会看见许多古老的大树和建筑。
As_soon_as_you_enter_the_university_gate,_you_will_catch_sight_of_many_old_trees_and_buildings.
2．reach out伸出(手)，伸手拿
　[系统归纳]
(1)reach for　　　　　 伸手去拿/去够
(2)within one's reach 够得到/在某人能力范围之内
beyond one's reach＝out of one's reach 够不到/力所不及
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)
①You should leave your keys within_your_reach.
②He reached_out his hands and gave his son a big hug and said “I love you”．
③My daughter is not tall enough to reach_for the dishes.
佳句时时写
④(2014·江西高考书面表达)我们树立的目标应该在自己的能力范围之内。
The_goal_that_we_set_should_be_within_our_reach.
3．watch out for留心，密切注意
　[系统归纳]
(1)watch out　　　　　　　　 小心；提防
watch for 守候，等待
watch over 看守；监视；照管
(2)on watch 值班，看守
keep (a) close watch on 密切注视，严密监视
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)
①Watch_out! There's a car driving fast toward here.
②Be careful！Watch_out_for cyclists and other runners.
③It is said that each country would have its own experts to watch_over the changes.
④The man on_watch didn't notice the danger.
⑤Jim is anxiously watching_for his girlfriend at the gate.
⑥The government is keeping_a_close_watch_on how the situation develops.
佳句时时写
⑦(2017·浙江高考书面表达)登山时，我们必须注意可能发生的危险。
While_climbing_the_mountain,_we_are_required_to_watch_out_for_possible_dangers.
[名师指津]　表示“当心，留神”的短语还有：look out, take care, be careful等。
4．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
　[教材原句]　Polly found_herself_staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
　[自主体验]
①Seeing from the hilltop, we can find_the_city_more_beautiful.
从山顶上看，我们发现这个城市更美了。
②When she got home, she found_the_light_in_her_mother's_room_off.
当她到家时，她发现她妈妈房间的灯熄灭了。
③She woke up and found_herself_in_a_hospital_bed.
她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。
④When she came into the room, she found_them_sitting_together_singing.
她进屋时，看见他们正坐在一起唱歌。
⑤When he came to himself, he found_himself_surrounded_by_a_group_of_boys.
当他醒来时，他发现自己被一群男孩子包围着。
　[归纳点拨]

用法规则
find后接复合宾语时常用以下形式：
find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
注意事项
如果find的宾语是动词不定式或从句，而其后有宾语补足语时，习惯上用形式宾语it来代替，并把真正的宾语放在后面。例如：
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.
许多人发现早上起床困难，并且把责任推到闹钟上。



　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Frankly speaking, maybe you'll find it difficult to learn Tang poems by yourself.
②(增分要点句)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)Seeing in the distance, we can find our school stadium more splendid.
5．倍数＋比较级＋than
　[教材原句]　Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30_times_more_likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
　[自主体验]
①The red ruler is three times as long (long) as the yellow one.
→The red ruler is three times longer (long) than the yellow one.
→The red ruler is three times the length (long) of the yellow one.
这把红尺子是黄尺子的三倍长。
②The population now in this village is five_times_what_it_was ten years ago.
现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。
③Our grain output will be 10_times_that_of_1960.
我们的粮食产量将是1960年的10倍。
　[归纳点拨]
倍数表达法的常见结构：

　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)Our new school stadium covers an area of about 400 square meters, which is three times the size of the old one.
②(增分要点句)(2015·四川高考满分作文)As long as you devote twice more time and energy than you did before, I believe you are sure to make great progress.







Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Hesitating (犹豫) for a minute, the girl stood up and offered her seat to the old man.
2．The favorite thing I'd like to do when sitting on the bus was to observe (观察) people through the window.
3．In my opinion, you should grasp (抓住) the opportunity to work abroad.
4．The girl lost in the forest finally escaped from the woods and she breathed a sigh of relief (轻松)．
5．The president rolled his eyes and glanced (瞥一眼) at the couple and then exclaimed，“Go away！”.
6．The builders adopted a wise alternative approach (方法) to carry the heavy stone.
7．My uncle has earned lots of money, so I firmly (坚定地) believe that his business is a success.
8．I work with volunteers (志愿者) for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.
9．Attached (把……附在……上) to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here.
10．Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering (小声说) about Christmas plans.
11．When you meet with some dangerous situations, don't panic (惊慌) or get out of line.
12．Wherever (无论哪里) someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.
13．The travellers in the desert saw in the distance (远处) a lake and trees growing beside it, but they didn't exist actually.
14．The manager thought his marketing plan was perfect, but on the contrary (相反), it was not and failed finally.
15．She has a reputation for being calm (沉着的) and cool­headed.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．To be honest, the pay isn't attractive (attract) enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.
2．Nowadays the world's population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.
3．Without any hesitation (hesitate), she took up the red flag and rushed out.
4．I had great difficulty finding the suitable (suit) food on the menu in that restaurant.
5．The young mother is waiting for her son's returning with a growing sense of anxiety_ (anxious).
6．It is likely that these old buildings will be knocked down in a year or two.
7．Relieved (relief), I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
8．If we leave right away, hopefully (hopeful), we'll arrive on time.
9．They believe, for example, that their employees (employ) need constant supervision if they are to work effectively.
10．Some people are rather proud of not being ignorant (ignore) of such an important matter.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．As I started laughing, Mom asked confused，“What's wrong？”confused→confusedly
2．It was relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle of the road. relief前加a
3．It recognized that listening to music is of great benefit.It后加is
4．The mother was standing at the gate, anxiously to see her son.anxiously→anxious
5．Though he tried many approaches for solving the problem, he failed at last.for→to
6．Bruce was observed leave the building with two young men and take a taxi away.leave前加to
7．Ann likes to keep people at the distance, so many people often think twice before they talk with her.the→a
8．Attracting by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days in Shanghai.Attracting→Attracted
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．All_the_approaches_to_the_airport were blocked by the police.
所有通往机场的路都被警察封锁了。
2．She was about to jump when_a_hand_reached_out and caught her arm.
她正要跳，这时一只手伸过来抓住了她的胳膊。
3．It's no use wishing_for_things you can't have.
企盼得不到的事物是徒劳的。
4．I'd prefer to go in summer rather_than_in_winter.
我宁愿夏天去，而不愿冬天去。
5．It_is_very_likely_that he will agree with the plan.
他很有可能会同意这个计划。
6．The number of the students now is_twice_what_it_was ten years ago.
现在学生的人数是十年前的两倍。
7．When he woke up, he found_his_wallet_stolen.
当他醒来的时候，他发现钱包被偷了。
8．To_our_great_relief,_with the help of her teacher, she was able to put her heart into her study.
令我们十分宽慰的是，在老师的帮助下，她能够专心学习了。



本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自我”中的“感官感知”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——感官感知
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①arm　　 ②leg　 　③head　　④neck 　　⑤wrist
⑥waist ⑦wrinkle ⑧body ⑨view ⑩sight
⑪tongue ⑫listen ⑬sound ⑭imagine ⑮guess
⑯feel ⑰touch ⑱sense ⑲physical ⑳colorful
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①visual adj.视觉的，看得见的　　　②echoes n．回声
③remarkable adj.非凡的 ④yawn vi.打哈欠
⑤organ n．(人、动物的)器官 ⑥press vt.压，按
⑦scratch n．& vt.划破，划痕，划伤 ⑧kick n．& v．踢
⑨bow vt.& vi.鞠躬，弯腰行礼 ⑩tremble vi.颤抖
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①make noises 制造噪音
②listen for their echoes 听他们的回声
③send out a sound 发出声音
④physical waves 物理波
⑤distinguish an object's size 区分物体的大小
⑥sense the world 感受世界
⑦brain mapping 脑电图
⑧interpret visual information 解读视觉信息
⑨lose one's sight 失明
⑩the sense of hearing 听觉

(四)写作佳句背一背
①Pigeons have a wonderful sense of direction and can find their way home over long distances.
②Sharks are attracted to the flash of colours and bright objects.
③Many blind people use guide dogs to help them get safety from place to place and to warn them of danger.

二、话题书面表达亮一点


(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”。请根据下列要求和你的畅想完成短文。
1．家庭；
2．工作；
3．业余生活。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语已为你写好。
I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.


　　　　
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句

guess, colorful, settle in, hope, get along well with, colleague, volunteer, in trouble, in my free time, continue, take regular exercise, around the world　　
1．我猜想十年后我会过着一种幸福多彩的的生活。
I_guess_I_will_live_a_happy_and_colorful_life_ten_years_later.
2．我将二十八岁了。
I_will_be_twenty­eight_years_old.
3．我将在一个大城市里安家。
I_will_settle_in_a_big_city.
4．我希望我能在一家电脑公司上班。
I_hope_I'll_work_in_a_computer_company.
5．我将喜欢我的工作。
I'll_like_my_job.
6．我会和我的同事们相处得很好。
I'll_get_along_well_with_my_colleagues.
7．我会自愿帮助那些有困难的人。
I_will_volunteer_to_help_those_in_trouble.
8．在我的空闲时间，我将继续进行有规律的锻炼。
In_my_free_time,_I'll_continue_to_take_regular_exercise.
9．在我的假期里，我将环游世界。
On_my_holidays,_I'll_travel_around_the_world.
10．我的生活将会更加丰富多彩。
My_life_will_be_much_richer_and_more_colorful.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
11．在句2中加入时间状语“到那时”。
I_will_be_twenty­eight_years_old_by_then.
12．在句3中描绘一下十年后的家庭情况“我将有美丽的妻子和一个可爱的孩子围绕在身边”。
I_will_settle_in_a_big_city_and_I'll_have_my_pretty_wife_and_a_lovely_child_around_me.
13．在句4中添加工作的具体内容“作为一名程序设计师”。
I_hope_I'll_work_in_a_computer_company_as_a_program_designer.
14．在句5中加入并列内容“它将给我一种成就感”。
I'll_like_my_job_and_it_will_give_me_a_sense_of_achievement.
15．在句8中可以添加锻炼的具体项目“游泳、跑步和各种球类运动”。
In_my_free_time,_I'll_continue_to_take_regular_exercise,_such_as_swimming,_running_and_various_ball_games.

第三步：语写美——词句升格
16．用with复合结构升级句12。
I_will_settle_in_a_big_city,_with_my_pretty_wife_and_a_lovely_child_around_me.
17．用高级词汇enjoy 升格句14中的like，并用非限制性定语从句对该句进行升级。
I'll_enjoy_my_job,_which_will_give_me_a_sense_of_achievement.

第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用also， in a word等词汇连句成文
I_often_imagine_what_my_life_will_be_like_in_the_future.I_guess_I_will_live_a_happy_and_colorful_life_ten_years_later.I_will_be_twenty­eight_years_old_by_then.I_will_settle_in_a_big_city,_with_my_pretty_wife_and_a_lovely_child_around_me.I_hope_I'll_work_in_a_computer_company_as_a_program_designer.I'll_enjoy_my_job,_which_will_give_me_a_sense_of_achievement.I'll_get_along_well_with_my_colleagues.Also,_I_will_volunteer_to_help_those_in_trouble.In_my_free_time,_I'll_continue_to_take_regular_exercise,_such_as_swimming,_running_and_various_ball_games.On_my_holidays,_I'll_travel_around_the_world.In_a_word,_my_life_will_be_much_richer_and_more_colorful.



Ⅰ.根据提示填空
One day, about ten years ago, while ❶working (work) at the cash register in the gift shop at my University Museum of Natural History, I saw an ❷elderly (old) couple come in with a little girl in the wheelchair.As I looked closer at this girl, I found that she ❸was_fixed (fix) on her chair.I then realized she had no ❹arms (胳膊) or legs, just a head, a neck and her upper body, ❺dressed (dress) in a little white skirt.As the couple wheeled her up to me, I turned my head towards the girl.When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the most ❻optimistic (乐观的) smile I had ever seen.All of a sudden, her handicap was ❼gone (go) and all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new ❽sense (感觉) of what life is all about.She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and brought me into her world: a world of smiles, love and ❾warmth (warm)．
I'm a successful businessman now and when I think about the troubles of the world, I think about that little girl and the remarkable (非凡的) lesson about life that she taught me.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
sight， noise， surround， expert， tongue， view， process， remove， physical， sense
When Daniel Kish enters a room, he may not be able to see, but his ears give him a 360 degree ❶view.Kish uses echolocation (回声定位) — just like bats or whales — to ❷sense the world.And it allows him to do everything from cycling to hiking, all on his own, without the benefit of ❸sight.Kish was affected by retinal (视网膜的) cancer and had to have both eyes ❹removed before he was 13 months old.Amazingly, he taught himself that by making small ❺noises he could listen for their echoes (回声) and learn what ❻surrounded him.Today, at age 51, Kish is an ❼expert at human echolocation.Like many of those who use echoes, Kish makes clicking noises with his ❽tongue and then listens for their echoes in the environment.“It is the same ❾process bats use，” Kish told BBC News.“You send out a sound or a call and sound waves are physical waves — they bounce back from physical surfaces.”








一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·江苏高考)Hopefully (hope) in 2025 we will no longer be e­mailing each other, for we will have developed more convenient electronic communication tools by then.
2．(2018·北京高考)Susan had quit her well­paid job and was working as a volunteer (volunteer) in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.
3．(2015·四川高考)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
4．(2015·浙江高考)Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior consisting of hearing (hear), understanding and remembering.
5．(2014·浙江高考)Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
6．(2014·湖南高考)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, staring (stare) at the night sky.
7．(2014·北京高考)Observe (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.
8．(2014·浙江高考)Amie Salmon, disabled (disable), is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed to guard her.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空　

ignore, grasp, hesitate, grateful, darkness, confused, stare, relief, analyze, approach, recognize, distance　
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he taught me: “The absolute most important skill that you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions. On every single move you have to __58__ a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and evaluate the best move from among all your options.”____________
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)They then heard a woman's voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.__51__ the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.____________
3．(2016·江苏高考)We __51__ that Kurt wasn't just trying to make a sale.He was offering a way for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.____________
4．(2015·福建高考)I'm not suggesting you __51__ problems, or that you pretend things are better than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are — at least most of the time, and especially when it's not a really big deal.____________
5．(2013·重庆高考)No one __41__ the concepts.Except for Joe.He understood them and answered all the questions correctly.____________
6．(2012·新课标全国卷)For example, different societies treat the __42__ between people differently.Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact (接触) even with friends, and certainly not with strangers.____________
7．(2012·山东高考)The Mullers didn't __44__ to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.____________
8．(2012·安徽高考)Sitting there waiting, I felt __50__ that someone had been willing to help.____________
9．(2011·山东高考)After a few minutes, the lights went down and everybody became quiet.I could barely make out the stage in the __43__.____________
10．(2011·北京高考)Sometimes I'd get __45__ and take a shot at the wrong direction — which made me feel really stupid.____________
11．(2010·福建高考)On a Chinese New Year's Eve, my uncle spoke to me in Chinese, but all I could do was __40__ at him, confused, scratching my head. “Still can't speak Chinese？” He laughed at me，“You can't even buy a fish in Chinatown.” ____________
12．(2009·山东高考)Weeks passed and the excitement over the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of school before the holiday break.I smiled in__47__ as the last of them hurried out the door.____________
答案：1.analyze　2.Approaching　3.recognized　4.ignore
5．grasped　6.distance　7.hesitate　8.grateful　9.darkness
10．confused　11.stare　12.relief

二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：感觉器官在外界的刺激下，将信息传递到神经系统，使人们认识世界，感受世界。对该话题的考查主要是围绕着人体感官(hearing, sight, speaking, smell, taste)的功能及其对我们的重要性以及有感官缺陷的残疾人自强不息的故事。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
“How do you account_for your remarkable achievements in life？”Queen Victoria of the UK asked Helen Keller.“How do you explain the fact that even though you were both blind and deaf, you were able to achieve so much？”
Ms.Keller's answer is a tribute (致敬) to her kind teacher.“If it had not been for Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown.”
According to American speaker Zig Ziglar, Anne Sullivan was no stranger to hardship.She was almost sightless and was, at one time, diagnosed as hopelessly “insane” by her caregivers.She was locked in the basement of a mental institution.Occasionally, Anne would violently attack anyone who came near.Most of the time she generally ignored everyone in her presence.
An elderly nurse believed there was hope, however, and she made it her work to show love to the disabled child.Every day she visited Anne, and she left cookies for her and spoke words of love and encouragement.She believed Anne could defeat disability and recover, if only she were shown love.
Hopefully, doctors noticed the change in the girl.Where they once witnessed anxiety, anger and hate, they now noted gentleness and love.They moved her upstairs where she continued to improve.Then the day finally came when this seemingly “hopeless” child was released.
Anne Sullivan grew into a young woman with a desire to help others as she, herself, was helped by the kind nurse.It was she who saw the great potential in Helen Keller.She loved her, disciplined (管教) her, played with her, pushed her and worked with her until the flickering candle that was her life became a beacon (灯塔) of light to the world.Anne Sullivan worked wonders in Helen's life; but it was a loving nurse who first believed in little Anne without hesitation and lovingly transformed an uncommunicative child into a kind teacher.
“If it had not been for Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown.”But if it had not been for a kind and dedicated nurse, the name of Anne Sullivan would have remained unknown.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一个有奉献精神的护士用自己的爱挽救了海伦·凯勒的老师Anne Sullivan，而Anne Sullivan又成就了海伦·凯勒的故事。
1．What does the underlined part “account for” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Show.　　　　　　　 B．Prove.
C．Explain. D．Present.
解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“How do you explain the fact that even though you were both blind and deaf, you were able to achieve so much？”， 并结合第一句的语境可知，account for与explain同义，故选C。
2．What do we know from the third paragraph?
A．Anne Sullivan had very normal behavior.
B．Anne Sullivan was ignored by everyone.
C．Anne Sullivan was kept away from her parents.
D．Anne Sullivan was believed to have a mental problem.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“She was almost sightless and was, at one time, diagnosed as hopelessly ‘insane’ by her caregivers.She was locked in the basement of a mental institution”，并结合对本段的整体理解可知，当时人们认为Anne Sullivan患有精神疾病，故选D。
3．What would be the best title for the text?
A．The Power of Love B．Making a Difference
C．A Good Teacher D．Remarkable Achievements
解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据全文尤其是对文章最后一段的整体理解可知，如果没有Anne Sullivan，海伦·凯勒就不会为人所知；如果没有那个富有爱心的护士，Anne Sullivan也不会被人知晓。这些都体现了爱的力量，故选A。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
词义猜测技法(1)——利用同、反义词解题
在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调、重复，有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因此，考生只要读懂上下文，知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另外一个词的意思。此外，有时作者也会用表示对比或转折的信号词连接意思相反的两个词或句子，这时就可根据反义词线索猜测词义。表示对比或反义的信号词或词组常见的有：(whether) ...or, unlike, but, yet, however, while, although, nevertheless, instead, rather than, in contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand等。
上文第1小题对应文章第一段最后一句“How do you explain the fact that ...”，并结合第一句的语境可知，account for对应explain，两者应是同义词，故选C。



Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Having experienced a shocking electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, James Franco's world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years.The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.
One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once.He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning.Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later, lying face down in muddy water.He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a tree and a muddy road.When Mrs.Franco came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.
The news of James regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread and many doctors came to examine him.Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning.However, none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen.The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。James Franco经历了一次电击事故后，失明、失聪近十年，但是后来被闪电击中后他奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力。
1．The reason that James attempted to kill himself was that ________.
A．a terrible electrical accident happened to him
B．he had to live in a dark and silent world
C．he was struck by the lightning once more
D．nobody in the world cared about him
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，失去视力和听力导致James Franco生活在黑暗和无声的世界中，这种痛苦导致他几度要自杀，故B项正确。
2．What was James doing when he was struck by the lightning?
A．Sheltering from the rain under a tree.
B．Putting an end to his life.
C．Taking a walk with a stick.
D．Lying on the ground.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning”可知，James Franco被闪电击中时，他正在树下躲雨。故A项正确。
3．What does the underlined word “compelling” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Wrong. B．Convincing.
C．Unexplained. D．True.
解析：选B　 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“However, none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen.The only reasonable explanation ...”可知，compelling和reasonable意义相近，故B项正确。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A Terrible Electrical Accident
B．James Franco and His Wife
C．An Unforgettable Experience
D．What a Sudden Shock!
解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了James Franco被闪电击中之后奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力的故事，故D项作文章标题最合适。
B
(2020届高三·福州质检)Hi, everyone! I am doing 92 acts of kindness this month in memory of my grandma, who passed away a few days before Christmas. It is deeply meaningful for me to see the ripples (涟漪) of kindness and love exerting a positive influence on the world in her name. It feels like she can still do good in the world even though she is gone. I have read so many of this community's updates and am inspired by how many creative, actively kind, and world­changing people are sharing stories. I am writing to request help in reaching my goal of 92 acts of kindness — one for every year of her life.
I am asking for those of you who are willing ... would you please do an act of kindness in my grandmother's name? It doesn't have to be big. Just a small act of love. And comment to tell me about your act so it can be tracked by me along with the rest.
So far, we've had nearly 30 acts of kindness since I started a few days ago. You can go to my article, where I am making live updates each time I or someone else contributes an act of kindness. Please help me light up the world with goodness and kindness. You have no idea how overwhelming (无法抗拒的) and amazing it feels to read about these acts of kindness happening on behalf of my grandma each day. As Ralph Waldo Emerson once wrote, “You cannot do a kindness too soon, for you never know how soon it will be too late.” Let's keep changing the world together. Thank you so much!
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者号召大家以她祖母的名义做善事，和她一起完成她的梦想，从而来纪念她的祖母。
5．What does the author say about her grandmother?
A．She died at the age of 92.
B．She rarely did good when alive.
C．She was so great as to be remembered.
D．She had a positive effect on the world.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“reaching my goal of 92 acts of kindness — one for every year of her life”可知，作者的祖母在92岁高龄时去世了。
6．What does the author request people do?
A．Help others whenever it's possible.
B．Give someone a hand in her grandma's name.
C．Leave her some encouraging comments.
D．Read this community's world­changing updates.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I am asking for those of you who are willing ... would you please do an act of kindness in my grandmother's name? It doesn't have to be big. Just a small act of love”可知，作者请求大家以她祖母的名义做好事，故选B项。
7．Why does the author mention Ralph Waldo Emerson's words?
A．To remind people to think before they act.
B．To call on people to do a kindness soon.
C．To warn people not to do a kindness soon.
D．To advise people to speak louder than words.
解析：选B　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“You cannot do a kindness too soon, for you never know how soon it will be too late”可知，该句中含有cannot do sth. too ...句式，表示“无论怎么……都不过分，越……越好”。故作者提到这句话是为了呼吁人们尽早做好事。
8．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?
A．To honor her grandmother.
B．To contribute a big act of kindness.
C．To share this community's updates.
D．To get help to realize her dream.
解析：选D　写作意图题。从文章的字里行间可以发现，作者写作本文是为了让网友帮助她共同实现做92件好事的愿望。
C
(2019·北京西城模拟)Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers (引发) a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.
An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see.They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.
Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full.
In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice­cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice­cream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten.
On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g. However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non­blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the ice­cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see.
“The experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group.Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.”
Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste. While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过研究发现人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。
9．With the lights out, diners eat less partly because________.
A．they want to quickly finish their meals
B．they trust their feelings more than ever
C．they focus more on fun than the calories
D．they worry about the quality of the food
解析：选D 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，当关灯后，饮食者可能会担心食物的质量。故答案选D。
10．We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group________.
A．spent a much longer time eating the same food
B．believed they ate more than they really did
C．depended on past experiences to feel full
D．thought the food tasted better than usual
解析：选B 　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及实验过程可知，戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实际上吃得更多。故答案选B。
11．The last two paragraphs tell us that________.
A．diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darkness
B．senses rather than sight play an important role in the taste
C．findings of this experiment differ from the previous studies
D．restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark
解析：选A　 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句并结合最后两段可知，最后两段主要讲的是在黑暗中吃东西，饮食者可能会降低食欲。故答案选A。
12．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．provide statistics related to eating in the dark
B．offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areas
C．inform the readers of the result of an experiment
D．persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way
解析：选C 　写作意图题。纵观全文可知，本文主要是通过叙述实验过程来告知读者实验结果。A、B两项是文章具体讲到的内容；D项在文章中没有体现。故答案选C。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
China has been the birthplace of many of the world's greatest inventions.It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money.Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling.__1__ This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering.
__2__ In 1200 BC, people in China began to use shells (贝壳) as money.Usually the shells used as money were very small.This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances, and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country.
In the years which followed this invention, many other countries around the world began to do the same. __3__
The next development was in 1000 BC, when China started making bronze and copper shells.It wasn't long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal.__4__ By 500 BC, metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later in the Roman Empire.
About 1000 years later, leather was used as money in China, and in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people.__5__
A．People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.
B．However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical.
C．It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.
D．They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.
E．As time went by, trade between countries increased.
F．During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.
G．The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了中国是世界上许多伟大发明的发源地。文中介绍了货币的发展过程，由实物交换到贝壳货币再到金属圆硬币，最后发明了纸币。中国成为世界上第一个制作纸币的国家。
1．解析：选F　上文提到“在纸币和硬币发明之前，人们用许多不同的东西来买卖”。F项就是那个时代物物交换的一个例子。下句也是对F项的进一步说明。
2．解析：选B　根据下文的内容可知，在公元前1200年中国人使用贝壳作为货币，因为它很容易携带。因此上文提到的用实物交换的方式就不方便、不实用了。B项承上启下。
3．解析：选D　上文提到“在这项发明之后的几年里，世界上许多其他国家也开始这样做”，也就是也使用小贝壳来作为货币，所以选D项。
4．解析：选G　根据本空的上下文内容可知，这时货币出现了新的发展，即出现了金属币。G项“最早的硬币上常有洞，以便人们可以把它们串在一起”与本段的语意一致。
5．解析：选C　本段内容主要讲述了纸币最早出现在中国。C项“It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.”是paper banknotes的词意复现，而且能承接上文。