2020版高考英语新创新一轮复习译林版讲义：必修3Unit3Backtothepast

Unit 3 Back to the past

一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．civilization n．　　　　文明
2．volcano n. 火山
3．erupt vi. (火山等)爆发
4．commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的
5．sandstorm n. 沙尘暴，风沙
6．institute n. (教育或其他专业)机构，研究所
7．aircraft n. 飞机
8．carrier n. 航空母舰，运输设备；运输公司
9．statue n. 雕塑，雕像
10．corrupt vt. 使腐化，使堕落
adj. 贪污的，腐败的
11．lecture n. 讲座
12．sailor n. 水手，海员
13．historical adj. 历史的；与历史研究相关的
14．solution n. 解决办法，解答
15．philosophy n. 哲学
16．researcher n. 研究者，调查者
17．scholar n. 学者
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．found vt. 兴建，创建
2．flee vt.& vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开
3．true­to­life adj. 逼真的
4．disaster n. 灾难
5.destroy vt.　　　　　毁坏，摧毁
6．cultural adj. 文化的
7．ruin n. 废墟；毁坏
vt. 破坏，毁灭
8．pour vi. 涌流，倾泻
vt. 倒出(液体)
9．document n. 文献，文件
10．nearby adv.& adj. 在附近(的)
11．extreme adj. 极度的；极端的
12．complain vi. 抱怨
13．audience n. 观众，听众
14．ceremony n. 仪式，典礼
15．poison n. 毒药，毒物
vt. 毒害，下毒
16．declare vt. 宣布，宣称
17．march vi.& n. 前进，进发；游行
18．ahead adv. (时间、空间)在前面；提前，
预先；领先
19．salary n. 薪金，薪水
20．judge v. 判断；审判
n. 法官，审判员；裁判员
21．material n. 材料；物质
adj. 物质的
22．glory n. 辉煌；荣耀，光荣
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的→unfortunately_adv.不幸地，倒霉地；令人遗憾地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地
2．decorate vt.装饰，装潢→decoration n．装饰，装饰品
3．wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的→wealth n．财富，财产
4．gradually adv.渐渐地，逐渐地→gradual adj.渐渐的，逐渐的
5．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸→remain v．遗留，剩余；继续存在→remaining adj.剩余的
6．explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸，爆发
7．wooden adj.木制的→wood n．木料；树木
8．expression n．表达；表情，神色→express vt.表达，表示
9．powerful adj.强有力的→power n．动力，权力→powerless adj.无能的，无力的
10．memorial n．纪念馆，纪念碑adj.纪念的→memory n．记忆(力)；回忆→memorize vt.记忆；背诵
11．educate vt.教育→education n．教育，培养→educator n．教育者，教育家
12．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的→awareness n．认识，意识
13．basis n．基础；基准；原因→basic adj.基础的→base n．基地；根基；基础v.以……为基础
[语境活用]
1．In order to gain much wealth and fame, the singer left his hometown as a poor boy and finally returned as an extremely wealthy man.(wealth)
2．She devoted her remaining years to the cause of studying the remains of the Forbidden City.(remain)
3．Someone made him aware of the effects of his actions.If so, he could gradually raise public moral awareness.(aware)
4．After he came to power,_everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even can't save his daughter.(power)
5．Though the trip to the memorial was over, it left a permanent memory on me. I will memorize the deeds done by heroes.(memory)
6．As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and people are gradually aware of its importance.(gradual)
7．The puzzled expression on her face suggested that she didn't know how she could express her feelings properly.(express)
8．Yesterday a bomb exploded in the market.The explosion was heard a mile away.(explode)







(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.take_over　　　　　　　　夺取；接管
2．in_memory_of 纪念
3．no_doubt 无疑，确实
4．rise_up_against 起义，反抗
5．stand_in_one's_path 阻碍(某人)
6．come_down_with 患(病)
7．be_buried_alive 被活埋
8．turn_out 结果是，证明是
9．break_down 毁掉；身体垮掉；抛锚
10．together_with 与……一起
11．pour_out 涌出
12．focus_on 集中(精力)于
13．carry_out 实施；执行
14．on_board 在船上(飞机上或火车上)
15．have_enough_of 对……感到厌烦
16．make_sb._aware_of 让某人意识到
17．take_part_in 参加
18．ahead_of 在……前面
19．less_than 少于
20．declare_war_against 向……宣战
1.After hiking for two hours, she dropped herself into a chair, completely breaking_down.
2．A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all four people on_board.
3．There's no_doubt that the 3D technology can print a variety of items that traditional manufacturing can't make.
4．It is more difficult to carry_out a plan than to think one out.Just as you know, saying is one thing and doing another.
5．I'm surprised you haven't had_enough_of him, yet I found him very boring.
6．Henry has taken_over the running of the family firm from his old father.
7．The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned_out as adults was surprisingly sharp.
8．Columbia, as can be easily guessed, was named in_memory_of Columbus, who discovered America in 1492.
9．Many children in the kindergarten came_down_with the flu last week.
10．He has a bad temper and will not listen to anybody, so you'd better not stand_in_his_path.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Near the city was a volcano.
离该城不远处有一座火山。
表示地点或处所的介词短语置于句首时，句子使用全部倒装。
(2017·北京高考满分作文)一座美丽的现代都市——泰安坐落于泰山脚下。
At_the_foot_of_Mount_Tai_sits a beautiful modern city — Tai'an.
2.It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared, leaving empty spaces in the ash.
原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。
现在分词作结果状语，常表示意料、情理之中的自然而然的结果。
(2017·天津高考满分作文)我一直忙着准备期末考试，没有多少时间和家人交流，也没有时间和朋友们闲逛了。
I have been busy making preparations for the final exam, leaving_me_not_much_time to communicate with my family or hang out with my friends.
3.The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sand — what a pity!
这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖——多么遗憾啊！
动名词的复合结构(名词＋v.­ing形式)作主语、宾语等。
他父母坚持要他学医。
His parents insisted on his_studying_medicine.
4.In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with 1,177 men on board.
在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。
“with＋宾语＋介词短语”复合结构，在句中可作状语或定语。
老师在教室里来来回回走动，手里拿着一本书。
The teacher was walking back and forth in the classroom, with_a_book_in_his_hand.


二、课堂重点深化

1．pour vi.涌流，倾泻vt.倒出(液体)
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①The mist. The damp air. The noise. It feels like a mighty storm is_pouring_down.
薄雾，潮湿的空气，噪音，感觉就像一场狂风暴雨正倾泻而下。
②Large quantities of waste water were_poured_into_rivers without being cleaned in the past.
在过去，大量废水未经净化就被倒入河流。
③You do the honors and_pour_out_the_tea while I bring in the cakes.
你来倒茶招待客人，我去拿糕点。
　[系统归纳]
pour into/in　　　　　 涌入/涌进
pour ...into 把……倒入；大量投资于
pour down (雨)倾盆而下
pour out 斟，倒(饮料)；倾吐，倾诉
　[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
④The commission has invited interested parties to submit comments, and these are now pouring in.大量涌来
佳句时时写
⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)每个人都可以倾诉心声，表达他们对学校变化的看法。
Everyone_can_pour_out_their_hearts_and_express_their_opinions_about_our_school's_changes.
2．flee vt.& vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①When the war broke out, he fled_to Yunnan of China with his wife.
战争爆发后，他携妻子逃到了中国云南。
②The people got into a panic and fled_from_the_fire.
人们惊恐万分地逃离了火灾现场。

　[系统归纳]
flee to ...　　　　　　　　　　　 逃到某地
flee from ...(＝escape from) 从……逃离
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
③To their puzzle, the thief fleed from the police in a stolen car.fleed→fled
佳句时时写
④(2016·四川高考书面表达)我喜欢去河里游泳以逃离夏天的酷热。
I_like_to_swim_in_the_river_to_flee_from_the_extreme_heat_in_summer.
3．ruin n．[C](pl.)废墟，遗迹；[U]毁坏，毁灭，崩溃 vt.破坏，毁灭；使破产
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①When the rescuers reached the ruins (ruin) of a young woman's house, they saw her dead body through the cracks.
②A large number of churches fell into ruin after the big flood.
③Drunk driving not only ruined_himself but also killed several passers­by.
酒后驾驶不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名过路人死亡。
　[系统归纳]
(1)lie/be in ruins　　　 成为废墟
fall into ruin 毁灭；毁坏
bring ... to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产
(2)ruin sth./sb. 毁坏某物/某人
ruin one's health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④You will bring yourself to ruins if you don't take your study seriously.ruins→ruin
佳句时时写
⑤(2017·江苏高考书面表达)一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出更大努力来吸引更多的观众。
Some_bad_factors_are_ruining_the_future_of_film_industry,_so_great_efforts_should_be_made_to_attract_more_audience._


4．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①It remains to_be_seen (see) whether the news that a new library will be built in our school is true.
②The guests came in, but she remained seated (seat) at the desk reading.
③He bought a new pen with the remaining (remain) money.
④The poor man ate the remains (remain) of the dishes hungrily.
完成句子
⑤But that moment I met her will remain_in_my_mind_and_my_heart_forever.
但我遇见她的那一刻，将永远留在我的脑海和我的心中。
　[系统归纳]
(1)the remains of ...　　　　 ……的遗迹
(2)remain＋
(3)remaining adj. 剩余的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥She used the remained 50 dollars/50 dollars left to buy her mother a gift.
remained→remaining
佳句时时写
⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)在观看短片时，你们所有人都必须保持安静。
When_watching_the_movie,_all_of_you_are_required_to_remain_quiet.
[名师指津]　当表示“剩余的，剩下的”意思时，常把remaining放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而left常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。
5．complain vi.抱怨
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①Those who are going through the unpleasant time often complain_about how hard their lives are.
那些过得不开心的人经常抱怨他们的生活有多么艰难。
②Many people complain_that their jobs are uninteresting and stressful.
许多人抱怨他们的工作既无趣又有压力。
③I'd like to make_a_complaint_about the noise upstairs.
我要就楼上的噪音问题提出投诉。
　[系统归纳]
(1)complain that ...　　　　　　　　 抱怨……
complain (to sb.) about/of sth. (向某人)抱怨某事
(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
make a complaint against/about ... 对……投诉
　[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
④I'm going to complain to the manager about this affair.投诉
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·江苏高考书面表达)我们应该严格自愿地遵守交通规则，在红灯时停车，而不是抱怨交通堵塞。
We_should_strictly_and_voluntarily_follow_traffic_rules,_stopping_at_the_red_light_rather_than_complaining_about_traffic_jams.
6．declare vt.宣布，宣称；宣告；声明
　[自主体验]
用适当的介词填空
①When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly against the policy, which made them unhappy.
②It was the year when Britain declared war on Germany.
句型转换
③Our school declared that the girl was head of our department.
→Our school declared_the girl to be head of our department.
　[系统归纳]
declare sb./sth. to be　　　　　 宣布某人或某事是……
declare for/against 表示赞成/反对……
declare war (on/against) (向……)宣战
declare that 宣布……
　[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
④According to the rule, your income must be declared on this form.申报
佳句时时写
⑤(2018·北京高考书面表达)我知道你对中国文化感兴趣，所以我宣布北京大学是你最好的选择。
I_know_you're_interested_in_Chinese_culture,_so_I_declare_Peking_University_to_be_your_best_choice.
7．ahead adv.(时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①I thought we'd be late for the concert, but we ended up getting there ahead_of_time.
我认为我们音乐会会迟到，但我们最终提前到达了那里。
②—I probably shouldn't have any more cake.
—Oh, go_ahead. It won't kill you.
——我可能不应该再吃蛋糕了。
——哦，吃点吧。对你没有害处的。
　[系统归纳]
ahead of　　　　　　　　 在……前面
ahead of time/schedule 提前
go ahead 进行吧，干吧
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
③You need to know that the great opportunity is ahead you.ahead后加of
佳句时时写
④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)当你去中国家庭作客时，最好在约定时间之前到达。
When_you_go_to_visit_a_Chinese_family,_you'd_better_arrive_ahead_of_the_appointed_time.





8．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①This should serve as a warning that people should be aware of their surroundings, especially when crossing roads.
②If your awareness (aware) is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
完成句子
③We should take measures to raise_people's_awareness_of_this_problem.
我们应采取措施来提高人们对这个问题的认识。
④As_far_as_I'm_aware,_we are supposed to earn money by working hard and we shouldn't be too greedy for wealth.
据我所知，我们应该通过辛勤劳动赚钱，而且我们不应该对财富太贪婪。
⑤That accident made_him_aware_of the serious result of drunk driving.
那次事故使他意识到酒后驾驶的严重后果。
　[系统归纳]
(1)be aware that ...　　　　　　 知道，体会到……
be/become aware of 知道/意识到
make sb. aware of/that ... 使某人意识到
as far as I'm aware 据我所知……
(2)awareness n. 认识，意识
raise one's awareness about/of 提高某人对……的认识
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥The travel made me aware from the beauty of nature.from→of
佳句时时写
⑦(2015·江苏高考书面表达)一些驾驶员、骑自行车的人和行人缺乏遵守交通规则的意识，因为他们似乎意识不到哪些应该做、哪些不应该做。
Some_drivers,_cyclists_and_pedestrians_lack_the_awareness_of_obeying_the_traffic_rules_for_the_reason_that_they_seem_unaware_of_the_dos_and_don'ts_on_the_road.


9．judge n．法官，审判员；裁判员vt.判断；审判；裁判
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①All under 30 years old, the candidates were examined by a group of judges (judge) in their fields.
②Judging (judge) from the book I have read, I think he is a very promising writer.
③Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you by what you wear.
④The accident was caused by an error of judgement (judge) on the part of the pilot.
　[系统归纳]
(1)judge ...from/by ...　　 从……来判断
as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为
(2)judging by/from 从……上看；根据……判断
(3)judgement n. 判断力；评价
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Judged from/by what he said, he was very disappointed.Judged→Judging
佳句时时写
⑥(2018·江苏高考书面表达)我们都知道，大部分的消费排名都是基于其他人对相关产品或服务的判断。
As_we_all_know,_most_of_the_ratings_are_based_on_others'_judgement_on_the_product_or_service_concerned.
[名师指津]　judging from/by用在句首，作为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。

1．take over夺取，占据；接替；接管
　[系统归纳]
take away　　　　　 拿走；夺走
take down 写下，记下；拆卸
take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收容
take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take on 接纳；雇佣；呈现；承担
take up 拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(介、副词填空)
①You have to learn to take down the key points even though you don't take them in.
②When Mr. Green retired, his son took over the business from him.
③Smartphones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health.
④Don't be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
⑤He witnessed to having seen the man take away the case.
⑥In the past few years, the village has taken on a new look.
佳句时时写
⑦(2018·浙江高考书面表达)当一个志愿者生病时，我接替了她的工作。那些美国学生对我评价很高。
When_a_volunteer_was_ill,_I_took_over_the_task_from_her._Those_American_students_thought_highly_of_me.
2．in memory of纪念
　[系统归纳]
in terms of　　　　　　 就……而言
in need/want of 需要
in favor of 赞同；支持
in praise of 赞扬
in honour of 为了向……表示敬意
in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于
in search of 寻找
in support of 支持
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)
①My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 in_support_of a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.
②A ten­foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in_memory_of its builder and his devotion to the project.
③A banquet was given_in_honour_of the distinguished guests from Tsinghua University.
④In_view_of the experience of the 20th century, many observers predict that economic growth will slow down.

佳句时时写
⑤(2018·浙江高考书面表达)我了解到我们学校的英语协会现在需要一些志愿者来接待来我们学校参观的外国学生。
I've_learned_that_the_English_Association_of_our_school_is_now_in_need_of_some_volunteers_to_receive_foreign_students_visiting_our_school.
3．no doubt无疑，确实
　[自主体验]
对比填空：that/whether/if
①There is still some doubt whether the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school.
②I don't doubt that my father will come to watch my performance, but I doubt whether/if he can come on time.
③This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
　[系统归纳]
(1)There is no doubt that ...　 　 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether ... 怀疑是否……
without doubt 毫无疑问
(2)don't doubt that ... 不怀疑……
doubt whether/if ... 怀疑/不相信是否……
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④No doubt whether you will succeed in your scientific research.whether→that
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·广东高考书面表达)毫无疑问，它可以增强人们的健康意识，但是更有可能导致过度焦虑。
There_is_no_doubt_that_it_can_enhance_people's_consciousness_of_health,_but_it_is_more_likely_to_result_in_over­anxiety.
4．动名词的复合结构
　[教材原句]　The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the_city_being_buried_by_sand — what a pity!
　[自主体验]
①I can't imagine Mary's/Mary_marrying such a young man.
我无法想像玛丽嫁给一个这样的年轻人。
②What worried the child most was his/him_not_being_allowed to visit his mother in hospital.
最让那个孩子担心的是他不被允许去看望生病住院的妈妈。
　[归纳点拨]
用法
规则
动名词的复合结构主要有两种情况：
(1)名词所有格/名词的普通格＋doing(如Mary's/Mary marrying)
(2)形容词性物主代词/人称代词的宾格＋doing (如his/him coming)
注意
事项
如果动名词的复合结构作主语，其逻辑主语只能用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。

　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·天津高考满分作文)I believe your joining our team will benefit us a lot.
②(增分要点句)(2016·北京高考满分作文)Haiguo Tuzhi's introducing modern technologies and ideas to China opened our eyes to the world.
5．with复合结构
　[教材原句]　In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with_1,177_men_on_board.
　[自主体验]
①He stood in the rain, with_his_clothes_wet.
他站在雨中，衣服湿透了。
②With_her_eyes_fixed_on the work attentively, she didn't know what was happening outside.
因为她的注意力都集中在工作上，她不知道外面发生的事情。
③He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring_at_him.
全班同学都盯着他看，他感到更不自然了。
④With_machines_to_do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops.
由于所有的工作都是由机器来完成，他们将很快收完庄稼。
⑤The child with_only_a_shirt_on was trembling with cold.
只穿着一件衬衫的那个孩子冻得直发抖。







　[归纳点拨]
“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构成的复合结构作状语时，表原因、条件、方式等。主要结构如下：


[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)With the ratings gaining popularity, more and more people have turned to ratings for help in terms of consumption.
②(增分要点句)(2016·江苏高考满分作文)With the rapid development of the Internet, online voting has become more and more popular.


Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They were marching (前进) forward despite the heavy rain because they had to reach the destination before dark.
2．As is known to all, America declared (宣布) war on Japan in 1941.
3．Enough rest and proper diet have brought back her strength gradually (逐渐地)．
4．With its natural resources, it is potentially a very wealthy (富有的) country.
5．Human facial expressions (表情) differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.
6．When his business in England failed, he tried to kill himself by taking poison (毒药)．
7．I believe that people will be ready to take up their share of responsibility for environmental protection when they are aware (意识到的) of the dangers the earth is exposed to.
8．The audience (听众) are listening carefully, and the professor feels a bit excited.
9．The new university held its opening ceremony (典礼) on Sept 3 to welcome its first freshmen.
10．As a learned scholar (学者), Mr.Li will deliver a speech about traditional Chinese culture.
11．They feel the listeners are like judges (法官) in an ice­skating competition.
12．He doesn't know what is waiting ahead (在前面) of him.
13．All these cultural (文化的) aspects are important to language learners if they want to get a better understanding of the language itself.
14．He was educated (教育) at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University.
15．The company, founded (创办) in 2014, moved its headquarters to the zone last year where it established a base and training center.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Judging (judge) from the number of cars, he thought there were not many people at the club yet.
2．His confidence built up gradually (gradual) as he gained more and more experience in teaching.
3．I think you're coming down with flu and you had better see a doctor.
4．With his hair cut, he looked much younger than his age.
5．The boiling water is so hot that I ought to pour the water into a cup to make it cold.
6．Talking to a network guidance counselor ahead of time can also be helpful.
7．The TV that he had had repaired broke down again.
8．So heavy was the earthquake that most of buildings were in ruins.
9．There are some problems remaining to_be_settled (settle)．
10．Dr.Smith, together with his wife and daughters, is (be) going to visit Beijing this summer.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．She bought her husband a watch chain with the left 5 dollars.left→remaining
2．Judged from his look, he doesn't think much of our plan.Judged→Judging
3．Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers where consumer complains have resulted in changes in the law.complains→complaints
4．Public schools are mainly found by governments through tax income.found→founded
5．After a while, there was blood pour down her face.pour→pouring
6．Decorate the Christmas tree is usually a family event.Decorate→Decorating
7．Yesterday my sister's computer breaks down and she had it mended at once.
breaks→broke
8．Many refugees have been forced to flee to their homeland.去掉第二个to或第二个to→from
9．After the earthquake I saw the whole town in ruin, but now everything has changed.
ruin→ruins
10．She aware of danger when her husband posted a lot of money to a stranger.aware前加was或became
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Tom's_refusing_to_accept_the_invitation upset me very much.
汤姆拒绝接受邀请让我很生气。
2．With_a_lot_of_work_to_do,_he wasn't allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。
3．There_is_no_doubt_that your success has resulted from your hard work.
毫无疑问，你的成功来自于你的辛勤劳动。
4．He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving_the_breakfast_untouched.
他起床晚了，匆忙去了他的办公室，留下早餐没有动。
5．At the next table sat_a_pretty_girl_waiting_for_someone.
邻桌旁坐着一个等人的漂亮女孩。
6．People hold dragon boat race on Dragon Boat Festival in_memory_of_Qu_Yuan.
人们在端午节举行龙舟比赛是为了纪念屈原。



本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“消失的文明”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——消失的文明
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①bury　　　②discovery　　　③protect　　　④natural
⑤ancient ⑥environment ⑦system ⑧culture
⑨research ⑩local ⑪museum ⑫disappear
⑬exhibit ⑭precious ⑮preservation ⑯period
⑰predict ⑱form ⑲sign ⑳customs
branch dynasty found
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①relic n．遗物，遗迹；废墟 　　②heritage n．遗产
③recycle vt.回收；再循环 ④symbol n．象征
⑤civilization n．文明 ⑥engineering n．工程
⑦expedition n．考察 ⑧substitute vt.取代
⑨item n．一件物品 ⑩sociologist n．社会学家
⑪diversity n．多样化 ⑫foster vt.培养
⑬motivation n．动力 ⑭abolish v．废除
⑮archaeologist n．考古学家 ⑯historic adj.历史上著名的
⑰prosperity n．繁荣；昌盛 ⑱project n．工程，计划
⑲program n．节目；计划；程序；课程
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①environmental protection　　　 　环境保护
②cultural relics 文化遗迹
③limited natural resources 有限的自然资源
④traditional values 传统价值观
⑤spiritual civilization 精神文明
⑥humane historical sites 人文历史遗址
⑦a place of interest 名胜
⑧be located/situated in Beijing 位于北京市
⑨have a history of 1,000 years 有一千年的历史
⑩cover an area of 60 square kilometers
占地面积为60平方公里
⑪have a large collection of artworks 大量的艺术品收藏
⑫date back to Qing Dynasty 追溯到清朝
⑬be kept in good condition 保存完好
(四)写作佳句背一背
①(2017·北京高考满分作文)Mount Tai is the symbol of the Chinese nation. It was included in the World Cultural and Natural Heritage List in 1987.
②This building which has a long history can date back to the Ming Dynasty.
③At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty in the seventh century, the Lantern Displays would last three days.
二、话题书面表达亮一点

(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部(photography club)将举办国际中学生摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信，请他提供作品。信的内容包括：
1．主题：环境保护；
2．展览时间；
3．投稿邮箱：intlphotoshow @gmschool. com.。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句

hold, international, theme, show, environmental protection, arouse, ecological, consciousness, last, participate, visit, send　　
1．我们学校的摄影俱乐部将举办一场国际中学生摄影展。
Our_school_photography_club_is_going_to_hold_an_International_High_School_Student_Photography_Show.
2．展览的主题是环境保护。
The_theme_of_the_show_is_environmental_protection.
3．它能够唤起人们的生态意识。
It_can_arouse_people's_ecological_consciousness.
4．从6月15日开始，为期三周。
It_will_start_from_June_15th_and_last_for_three_weeks.
5．欢迎任何人参加。
Any_one_is_welcome_to_participate.
6．我知道你一直都想为环保做些什么。
I_know_you_have_always_wanted_to_do_something_for_environmental_protection.
7．我记得上次你来我们学校的时候。
I_remember_the_last_time_you_visited_our_school.
8．你给我看过一些照片。
You_showed_me_some_photos.
9．这是一次好机会。
This_is_a_good_chance.
10．你可以把你的照片发到intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.。
You_can_send_your_photos_to_intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
11．在句5中加入定语从句“感兴趣的”。
Any_one_who_is_interested_is_welcome_to_participate.
12．在句6中加入并列成分“你照片拍得很好”。
I_know_you_take_good_pictures_and_you've_always_wanted_to_do_something_for_environmental_protection.
13．在句8中photos 后加入修饰语“关于那个主题的”。
You_showed_me_some_photos_on_that_theme.
14．在句9中加入状语“无疑，一定”及定语“让更多的人看到它们”。
This_is_surely_a_good_chance_for_more_people_to_see_them.
15．在句10中加入状语从句“如果你想加入”。
If_you_want_to_join,_you_can_send_your_photos_to_intlphotoshow@gmschool._com.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
16．用短语 call_forth升格句3中的arouse，并用非限制性定语从句合并句2和句3。
The_theme_of_the_show_is_environmental_protection,_which_can_call_forth_people's_ecological_consciousness.
17．把句11改写成名词性从句。
Whoever_is_interested_is_welcome_to_participate.
18．用the last time作连词合并句7和句13。
I_remember_you_showed_me_some_photos_on_that_theme_the_last_time_you_visited_our_school.





第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
本文语句之间衔接自然，前后连贯，无须多加额外的连接词。作为一封书信，可在开头、结尾处加入常用语句“Is everything all right recently？” “Hope to hear from you soon.”
Dear_Peter，
Is_everything_all_right_recently?_Our_school_photography_club_is_going_to_hold_an_International_High_School_Student_Photography_Show.The_theme_of_the_show_is_environmental_protection,_which_can_call_forth_people's_ecological_consciousness.It_will_start_from_June_15th_and_last_for_three_weeks.Whoever_is_interested_is_welcome_to_participate.I_know_you_take_good_pictures_and_you've_always_wanted_to_do_something_for_environmental_protection.I_remember_you_showed_me_some_photos_on_that_theme_the_last_time_you_visited_our_school.This_is_surely_a_good_chance_for_more_people_to_see_them.If_you_want_to_join,_you_can_send_your_photos_to_intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.
Hope_to_hear_from_you_soon.
Yours，
Li_Hua

Ⅰ.根据提示填空
The ancient Loulan City ❶is_located (locate) on the west bank of Lop Nur Lake in Xinjiang region.The city ❷was_founded (found) in the 2nd century BC in an oasis (绿洲) on the Silk Road.But it became less powerful and strong after its 800 years of development, and ❸disappeared_(消失) suddenly in the middle of the 6th century AD.At the beginning of last century, a Swedish explorer Sven Hedin ❹_discovered (发现) the city ❺buried (bury) in the desert, which attracted attention from all over the world.
The city has already totally turned into dust.But archaeologists (考古学家) believe there was a water tunnel running through the city and dividing it into two different ❻functional (function) parts.Large numbers of potsherds (陶瓷碎片), wood pieces, coins, pieces of jewellery and wood slip documents ❼provide (提供) us with plenty of information about the ❽ancient (古老的) city.
Scientists studied the materials of the ❾ruins (废墟)of Loulan City and they believe that a large amount of forest was cut down at that time, which made Loulan City destroyed (destroy) by the sandstorms at last.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
during， protection， period， historic， valuable， ancient， traditional， site， beginning， show， be used as， known as， in good condition

Pingyao, in the center of Shanxi Province, is a famous ❶historic cultural city of China and a world cultural heritage (遗产) ❷site.It's 90 kilometers south of Taiyuan on the Fen River.
People lived in Pingyao during the New Stone Age.Its long ❸period as a county government seat has left Pingyao with lots of historic buildings and sites.Ninety­nine of them are under government ❹protection.
❺During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, businessmen organized commercial (商业的) groups that did business nationwide.Shanxi Province had some of the most important ones and Pingyao was their center.In 1823, a store, ❻known_as Rishengchang (Sunrise Prosperity), traded in bank checks rather than in silver or gold coins.It was the ❼beginning of modern Chinese banking.
In Pingyao Ancient City are many ❽traditional houses and commercial buildings, 3,797 of which are protected and more than 400 of which are ❾_in_good_condition.Not only do the houses in Pingyao show Shanxi's history and culture, but this large number is valuable for studying its history, customs, ancient buildings and art.Most of these houses are_used_as_ homes and shops of local people nowadays.

一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2017·江苏高考)Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains (remaining) an essential skill for our survival.
2．(2016·北京高考)Newly­built wooden (wood) cottages line the street, turning the old town into a dreamland.
3．(2015·福建高考)The research group produced two reports based (base) on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.
4．(2015·湖北高考)The girl used to be shy, but is gradually (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
5．(2015·陕西高考)To warm himself, the sailor (sail) sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the other.
6．(2014·江西高考)It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth (wealthy)．
7．(2014·浙江高考)People won't pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying for expression (express)．
8．(2014·福建高考)Our club is open to everyone regardless of age, sex or educational (educate) background.

Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空

pour, declare, march into, judge, explode, complain, audience, aware of　　
1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Approaching the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay still until the emergency personnel arrived, but she thought the car was going to __54__.____________
2．(2015·福建高考)It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became aware of her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to __47__ everything so harshly (刻薄)．____________
3．(2014·天津高考)Looking at her large empty apartment, I became __24__ how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself.____________
4．(2013·福建高考)We cannot go into the house, but I can still walk through the rooms in memory. Here, my mother sat in her bedroom window and wrote in her diary. I can still see the enthusiastic family __48__ into and out of the house. ____________
5．(2012·天津高考)I often hear people __32__ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than complaining. ____________
6．(2011·新课标全国卷)The professor__37__the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to guess how many beans the jar contained.____________
7．(2010·山东高考)In a loud and clear voice, the master of ceremonies announced that my class was next.My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet, facing the __42__.____________
8．(2010·辽宁高考)My aunt even goes so far as to __48__ that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the exact meaning of a word in English! Therefore, she insisted that I read the definition (定义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning.____________
答案：1.explode　2.judge　3.aware of　4.pouring
5．complain　6.marched into　7.audience　8.declare

二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：世界文化遗产的意义和价值，主要体现为独特的创造性和对特定历史时期文化的典型表现性。强调历史文化遗产的保护性、社会公益性和传世性，已成为越来越多的国家的共识。延续历史，传承文化，切实保护遗产的真实性和完整性，始终是考查的热点。


[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
The ancient city of Chichen Itza in southern Mexico was one of the most powerful cities and one of the most powerful ancient cultures — the Maya.But today, no one lives there.It is only a group of old buildings.However, people from around the world still come to see it.People come to learn about its ancient culture, the cultural features of the Mayan people.
The Mayan culture began almost 3,000 years ago and grew in parts of Central America.But about 1,000 years ago a group called the Itza invaded the city and built new parts of the city based on natural wells.They named the city Chichen Itza, which means “mouth of the well of the Itza”．The most interesting structure in Chichen Itza is the Pyramid of Kukulcan (库库尔坎金字塔)，whose four sides all come together at one point at the top.Each side on the Pyramid of Kukulcan has 91 steps.And there is one more step at the top of the pyramid.The steps are as many as the days of a year.Some researchers believe the Maya could have used this building to help them know when to plant crops.Each day the sun falls on a different step of the pyramid, which could be a way to follow the year.
The documents showed that the people of Chichen Itza especially designed one building to observe and study the movement of the stars and planets. Researchers say that the observatory (天文台) is one of the most complex structures the Maya built.A set of steps go up and around the observatory tower.And there are windows in the tower.Each window has a purpose. Researchers believe that a person looking through one of these windows can see particular stars on particular dates.The Maya might have believed that studying the stars could tell them the future.
Chichen Itza is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and an important part of the world's history.Get interested? Then pay a visit to it to find more remains!
语篇解读：文章对世界文化遗产之一的玛雅文化遗址进行了详细的介绍。
1．Visitors came to the city of Chichen Itza to ________.
A．view its beautiful scenery
B．experience and explore the Mayan culture
C．study and observe other stars on the observatory
D．learn something about when to plant crops
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People come to learn about its ancient culture, the cultural features of the Mayan people.”可知，游客们来到Chichen Itza是为了体验和探索玛雅文化。
2．Why did the invaders name the city “mouth of the well of the Itza”？
A．Because wells can be seen in or around the city.
B．Because it is large in size.
C．Because the city is newly built.
D．Because its location is vital.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But about 1,000 years ago a group called the Itza invaded the city and built new parts of the city based on natural wells.”可知，入侵者之所以给它起这个名字，是因为这座城市到处可以看到天然井。所以选A项。
3．What's the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A．To evaluate the Mayan culture.
B．To persuade readers to pay a visit.
C．To introduce the ancient city of Chichen Itza.
D．To present the development of the Mayan construction.
解析：选B　写作目的题。本文对玛雅文化遗址进行了详细的介绍，并且根据最后一段可知作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐读者去玛雅文化遗址参观。所以选B项。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
分析文章结构，攻克写作目的题
写作目的题要求考生在理解文章主旨的基础上揣测作者的写作目的及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解文章中的文字表述、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者的写作意图。
例如上文第3小题，本文先介绍世界各地的游客参观玛雅遗址，又介绍了它的古代文化和成就，最后一段推荐读者去玛雅文化遗址参观，此时文章的写作目的也就一目了然了，是为了推荐读者去玛雅文化遗址参观。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·合肥模拟)In the 1940s, with a wave of American soldiers' heading home from World War Ⅱ， the magazine Arts & Architecture hoped to drum up interest in a new form of mass housing that was inexpensive and easy to construct from exiting materials.The magazine approached designers and architects like Richard Neutra, Eero Saarinen, and Charles and Ray Eames to come up with plans for modern house, and the magazine would publish them.
The idea was that the blueprints would vary according to a family's individual needs.Charles and Ray Eames chose to design for their own situation — a working couple that needed a house and space for working, but had no children at home.The result was Case Study House No.8 in Pacific Palisades, Calif., where the Eameses made their home.
The family has stayed in the house and it is home to the Eames Office, which promotes the continuation of both Charles's and Ray's ideas.The outside of the house and studio has been open to self­guided tours for years.
Reservations: Reservations are required.Please call 310－459－9663 at least 48 hours in advance of your visit.
Visiting Hours：
Monday：10：00 am－4：00 pm
Tuesday：10：00 am－4：00 pm
Wednesday：CLOSED
Thursday：10：00 am－4：00 pm
Friday：10：00 am－4：00 pm
Saturday：10：00 am－4：00 pm
Sunday：CLOSED
Admission：$10; students and children are free.
Group Visits: group with 10＋visitors must make an appointment.Ideally the size of the group should be limited to 25 people.
语篇解读：在20世纪40年代，伴随着美国士兵从第二次世界大战的返家，《艺术&建筑》杂志希望使人们对廉价又容易建造的大众住宅产生兴趣。本文介绍了其中的一个设计。
1．Eames House was designed to meet________.
A．an American soldier's needs
B．Charles and Ray Eames's needs
C．the needs of a non­working couple
D．the needs of a couple with children
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Charles and Ray Eames chose to design for their own situation ...had no children at home.”可知，Eames House是伊默斯夫妇针对自己的需求和情况设计的房子，故选B项。
2．Eames House is closed on __________.
A．Tuesday and Friday　　　 B．Monday and Sunday
C．Thursday and Saturday D．Wednesday and Sunday
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据“Wednesday：CLOSED”“Sunday：CLOSED”可知，周三、周日Eames House不开放，所以选D项。
3．How much would two adults and two kids need to pay to visit Eames House?
A．$10. B．$20.
C．$30. D．$40.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据“Admission：$10; students and children are free.”可知，孩子是免费参观的，只需要购买两张成人票。故选B项。
B
Over a hundred years ago in 1911, something strange was found in the glaciers of Antarctica.Crilffith Taylor — an Australian geologist, had discovered a blood red stream pouring out of the ice cascades (瀑布) of Talor Glacier! Popularly known as the Blood Falls, scientists had not been able to find the reason behind the blood red liquid flowing through the ice — until recently.The mystery of the Blood Falls had finally been solved.
When these falls were first discovered, scientists had believed that the red color came from a large amount of red algae (海藻) concentrated in the water.Red algae contain a pigment (色素) which reflects red light, making the algae appear red.
This theory made sense, until it was later found that algae do not play a part in the red color of the flowing liquid at all.What really causes Talor Glacier's waters appear blood red, is the presence of iron oxide in the liquid.The waters of the Blood Falls are rich in salt and iron content, and when this water comes in contact with the air, it turns red — just like rust! The water in these falls is often referred to as “brine” by scientists because of the high salt content in the water.
This reasoning behind the red colors of the falls was found back in 2003.However, the entire mystery had not yet been solved.How is it then, that the Blood Falls are not frozen?
Researchers at the University of Colorado and University of Alaska found that inside the glacier, there is a network of channels and reservoirs that move the water around.Salt water has a lower freezing temperature.In addition, when any substance undergoes a change in state, it gives off heat.Therefore, the brine actually warm itself up while it's freezing! How this works, is that when the brine is flowing through the Talor Glacier, some of it does freeze.As a result of changing state from liquid to ice, the brine gives off heat.This heat is enough to keep the rest of the brine in liquid form, which is why it flows out of the glacier.
Incredible new chemistry facts found, and mystery solved!
语篇解读：1911年，澳大利亚地质学家在南极洲的冰川中发现了一种奇怪景象——血瀑布。众所周知，科学家一直无法找到血瀑布不结冰的原因。直到最近，血瀑布的秘密终于被揭开了。水中富含盐分和铁，当水接触空气时，就会像铁锈一样变红，盐分很高，导致它不结冰。
4．According to the text, the red algae theory was once considered ______.
A．ridiculous B．reasonable
C．impractical D．complex
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，这个理论一开始被认为是合理的，但后来发现海藻对于流动的红色液体不起作用。make sense“有道理，有意义，讲的通”，与reasonable同义。
5．Why do the Blood Falls look red in color?
A．Because there is too much salt and iron in the water.
B．Because the liquid is rich in red algae.
C．Because the flowing liquid reflects red sunlight.
D．Because the air is thin and rare in Antarctica.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，是因为水中富含盐分和铁，当水接触空气时，就会像铁锈一样变红。
6．What is the main reason for the Blood Falls' not freezing?
A．The water continued flowing constantly.
B．There is too much salt in the water.
C．The brine gives off heat while freezing.
D．Temperatures aren't high enough for flowing water.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，从液态到冰态变化时，水放出热量。这种热量足以使其余的盐水保持液态，这就是不结冰的原因。
7．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The discovery of the blood glacier.
B．The birth of the Talor Glacier.
C．The flowing red water in Antarctica.
D．The mystery of the Blood Falls.
解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，1911年澳大利亚地质学家在南极洲的冰川中发现了血瀑布。众所周知，科学家一直无法找到血瀑布不结冰的原因。直到最近，血瀑布的秘密终于被揭开了。分析选项可知，D项符合题意。
C
(2019·江西七校联考)In the basement of a 27­storey landmark tower in Stockholm, Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution.He is the chief executive of Plantagon, a new urban farming factory set to kick off operations in the basement of an office block in the Swedish capital.
He is by no means the first enthusiast for indoor farming, which has become increasingly fashionable in recent years.Claims for the practice of growing food in basements range from feeding people in desert environments to transforming the negative environmental effects of monoculture farming.
Plantagon's early promises reflect this new optimism.Petterson calls the farm's approach “agritechture” — the combination of agriculture, technology and architecture, hoping to revolutionize how we live and eat.
The_term may be new, but the concept isn't.Indoor farming is made possible by agricultural technologies such as hydroponics (growing plants without soil) and aeroponics (in which plants are grown in air over containers)．Food can be produced without direct sunlight or soil.
Plantagon plans to grow high­value foods in a pumice­like material rather than soil.Water for the plants is measured precisely.It will also dehumidify (除湿) the air and reuse any extra water to ensure zero waste.Compared with conventional agriculture, it will need much less water to produce the same amount of crops.
Energy is also a key issue for indoor urban farms, which have to create artificial sunlight.Although advances in the efficiency of LED lights have helped bring down energy consumption in recent years, plants use only about 1 percent of the artificial light produced.This leads to a great waste of energy, most of which disappears as heat.The basement farm will capture around 70 percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heating system of the office block above.Oxygen produced by the plants will be sent to office workers via the building's air conditioners.
语篇解读：在斯德哥尔摩一座地标性的27层塔楼的地下室里，佩特森希望播下室内都市农业革命的种子。他将在瑞典首都的一座办公大楼的地下室开始这项工作。
8．What does Petterson plan to do in the basement?
A．Grow crops.
B．Do operations.
C．Open a seed company.
D．Give lectures about farming.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“... Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution.”可知，他要在地下室内种植植物，所以选A项。
9．What does the underlined phrase “The term” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Aeroponics. B．Hydroponics.
C．Monoculture. D．Agritechture.
解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Petterson calls the farm's approach ‘agritechture’ — the combination of agriculture, technology and architecture, hoping to revolutionize how we live and eat.”可知，此处的“The term”指的就是“agritechture”。
10．What do the basement farm do with energy waste?
A．Produce oxygen. B．Run air conditioners.
C．Heat offices. D．Create artificial sunlight.
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The basement farm will capture around 70 percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heating system of the office block above.”可知，地下室农场将收集约70%的废热，并将其注入办公大楼上方的供暖系统，所以选C项。
11．What is the text mainly about?
A．A farming revolution.
B．Petterson's achievement.
C．A water­saving farming project.
D．An environment­friendly system.
解析：选A　主旨大意题。根据文章的主题句“...Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution.”可知，本文主要介绍的是一场“农业革命”。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Long before the Internet, and even before the telephone, people relied on pen and paper to communicate.It's a lot different from writing an email because when you make a mistake, you cannot “backspace” your errors away.__1__
Letter writing has been a key means of communication for people throughout history.__2__ Famous names like Christopher Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci graced my history textbooks growing up, with stories of their explorations.Much of what we know about them is through the letters they wrote to people back in Europe.
There were two main reasons why these early explorers wrote letters.__3__ The other reason for writing letters was to assure and update the people who financed their trips.These so­called sponsors were often noblemen or wealthy people who had a personal interest in world discoveries.Letters from explorers would raise hopes that new lands could bring more riches.
When the British began building colonies (殖民地) in America during the 17th century, these lands were settled by people who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean.__4__ Their letters were mixed with news of illness as well as details of their exotic (异国的) surroundings.
__5__ With the widespread use of the Internet, the tiny differences of a person's handwriting are lost to the cold, typewritten text that comes with an email.A person's unique signature is reserved for signing a receipt for a credit card payment.Will letter writing disappear one day?
A．Letter writing is just how you travel around the world.
B．You simply cross out your mistakes with your pen and continue writing.
C．The early settlers faced a lot of challenges in the unfamiliar environment.
D．One was a boy from England who liked the same music as me: rock and roll.
E．Four hundred years later, however, we don't really need to write letters anymore.
F．It played a vital part in the exploration of the “New World”， as America was once known.
G．One was to document for the people back home what they saw as they journeyed through the faraway, mysterious land.
语篇解读：写信是历史上人们交流的重要手段，但是随着互联网的普及，信件使用的越来越少了，写信这种文化有一天会消失吗？
1．解析：选B　上文提到写信和写邮件时出错的不同做法。前面提到的是写邮件，由此可知，空处所填的句子应该是写信时的做法，B项可承接上文。
2．解析：选F　根据下文提到的两个人“Christopher Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci”都是探险家可知，空处内容与探险有关，F项中的“exploration”是空后“explorations”的原词复现。F项引出下文的内容。
3．解析：选G　上文提到“There were two main reasons ...”，下文提到“The other reason for writing letters was to ...”。由此可知，此处为one ...，the other ...结构，所以选G项。
4．解析：选C　根据上文提到的“these lands were settled by people who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean”可知，这些最早的殖民者在陌生环境中面临很多挑战，所以选C项。
5．解析：选E　根据下文的“With the widespread use of the Internet ...”可知，随着互联网的发展，人们已经不需要写信了，所以选E项。