考点20 七选五 制胜2022年高考英语一轮复习考点讲练学案

制胜2022年高考英语一轮复习考点讲练
考点20 七选五

阅读理解七选五主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握，要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，，并具备运用语法知识分析、理解长难句的能力。说明文是命题首选，多为指导性或事物类说明文，兼顾记叙文和议论文。文章内容贴近生活，贴近时代。
对近五年全国卷阅读补全（七选五）的试题进行分析对比，可以看出，在体裁的选择上仍以说明文为主，行文仍多用“总一分”结构，阅读总量相对稳定，但也有一些新的变化。
1. 除了说明文外，也会选用记叙文。如2017年全国卷I就采用了一篇记叙文，这就意味着，以后阅读补全（七选五）可能会选用记叙文，但说明文还会是命题的首选。
2. 不再提供标题和小标题。2016~2018年全国卷I均没有提供文章标题和小标题，也没有明显的文章结构提示，增加了试题的难度，这就要求考生在理解阅读材料的基础上，弄清文章与各个段落的主旨和结构，准确地做出判断。


1、 【【2021·全国甲卷，A】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Swap, Don’t Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn’t end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?
_____1_____. It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It’s really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. _____2_____, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
·_____3_____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
· Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room._____4_____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
·Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. _____5_____. And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it’s a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
解析：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了旧衣服交换的一些建议。
1. B 本题前句问“那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的虽完好但可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？”，后句提到“这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里得到衣服并同时开派对的最好方法”，B选项“进行衣物交换”是对前句的回答，且与后一句也保持了自然的逻辑关系，故选B项。
2. A 本题要求选择一个半句，与下文的“more than that...”形成对比，句意：人比这少，可能没有足够的东西可供选择；人比这多，它变得无法控制。其中，选项A中的that指代前文的5—10 people，故选A项。
3. G 本题要求选主题句。后文提到“他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的‘新’衣服带回家”，G选项“告诉每个人带上完好且干净的衣服”恰好概括这一段的主旨，选项中的clean clothes对应下文的“new” clothes。
4. F 本段主题是把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。选项F“让每个人把他们的衣服放在正确的地方”恰好呼应本段主题，故选F项。
5. D 空前句提到“也许你可以说‘开始’，或者播放一首歌，或者其他什么”，空后两句提到“别忘了放一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对!”，由此可知，为了让派对持续，选项D“始终播放音乐”承接上文，且与后文内容相呼应，故选D项。前句中的song与选项中的music为同义复现。

2、【2021·全国乙卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
_____1_____, if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. _____2_____. it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
_____3_____? If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）.If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. _____4_____
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬)._____5_____. Just quickly tun around and say, "This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question "How did you get here?',
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
解析：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在宴会上如何使自己变得有趣、避免尴尬和沉默的一些具体做法，如积极地提出问题，赞美主人等。
1. B。结合空后if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers（如果你离开了你的舒适区，或者如果你第一次走进别人的房子。所以，最主要的就是现身，勇于冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈）可知，其中adventurous,trying different foods和talking to strangers这几个信息与B项中的exploring（探索）内涵一致，故选B项（第一步是去探索）。
2. C结构复现。根据空前If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”结合空后it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.”中提到的 vehicle和bus都是属于交通工具，强调出行的方式，与C项“你是怎么来的？”相呼应，故选C项。
3. F空格后面的 If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox.（如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该拿走他们的讲台，即转移他们的注意力，不再喝酒或者交谈）中的wine与F 项中的drinking信息呼应，soapbox与F项中的talking信息呼应，故选F项。
4. E结合前面的If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation（如果你是主人，你可以让他们在厨房里帮你做点什么，这是一个可以摆脱前面提到的总是喝酒和喋喋不休的情形的方法之一）可知，作者又提出了另外一个方法。E项Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say（或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题）符合语境，同时E项中的 little to say也与上文提到的 won’t stop talking呼应。故选E项。
5. G项He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most中的awkwardness与空前awkward silence和an awkward silence属同源词复现。另外G项中的He or she也与空格前面的host对应，故选G项。


阅读理解七选五的解题方法
一、 利用篇章结构确定选项
说明文中点明文章主旨的句子通常会在文章的首段，通过快速浏览文章的首段和其他各段的首句就可以大致看出一篇说明文的基本结构，如果是“总一分（一总）”式的行文结构，除首（尾）段以外的其他段落的首句就会呈现出一种平行并列的关系，甚至句式结构都相同。另外，如果文章中包含标题、段落小标题、黑体句、数字编号或项目符号等，考生也可以利用这些信息来理清文章的脉络。
1.段落小标题 小标题通常是名词短语或祈使句，短小精悍，一般为段落主旨句，和文章内容相关，会有主旨词汇复现。选择小标题时，需要把下面的整个段落读懂，并根据段落中的关键词语归纳总结出主旨或中心。
2.段首主旨句 假如空处出现在段首，它很有可能是段落主旨句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，由此推断出主旨句。
3. 段尾总结句 设空位置在段尾通常是 总结句或概括性的句子。在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等关联词，有时选项中可以发现前文的同义词句。
二、 利用文章中的逻辑关系
文章内容是根据各层各段的大意 有机组合起来的，其表达的内容是要围绕中心的。各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意义上来，语段的句际关系可分为顺承关系、递进关系、并列关系、举例证明关系、解释关系、转折关系、因果关系等。构成语段的各个句于之间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。因此，理解阅读材料时，一定要把握语脉，理清句际间的关系，进而理解语段或全文的内容。
三、 利用关键词汇
文章的行文需要通过一定的衔接手段来实现。文章的衔接手段有：重复使用某一词语或子范畴的词语，使用同义语表达，用总称指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体，使用代词避免重复等。这些衔接方法使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每语连贯起来，融为一体。段落一致与句子衔接是文章连贯的两个必要因素。
1.原词复现 选项中出现空处前后句里相同的词汇，尤其是实词（多是名词），这就是原词复现现象。相同词汇重复使用为我们解题提供了很好的线索。
2.词汇同现（上下义词或同一范畴词）词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。上下义词指前者包含了后者，或后者是前者的一个子集，如fruit 和apple;同一范畴词指前后词属于同一范畴，如apple 和 orange 都属于fruit.利用前后句中的这种特殊的词汇关系，也能快速解题。
3.代词复现 阅读补全（七选五）就是考查上下文之间的衔接，而代词是语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题时要善于利用这一衔接手段。常见的代词有it,they,this,these,all等。

1、【2021·全国新高考1卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. _____1_____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管) worked. _____2_____Our building even had tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.  _____3_____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
_____4_____On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten But they cost S18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率). You can tell this by cafes life. french cafes are always crowded. _____5_____When do these people work? The french take their 35-hour workweek seriously-so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.  
G. The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.

2、【2020·全国卷I卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. _____1_____ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●_____2_____ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures._____3_____ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. _____4_____
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. _____5_____ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A．Feeling upset again?
B．Where do you start?
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F.Stop comparing yourself with others.
G.When does the comparison game start?

3、【2020·全国卷II卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. _____1_____. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. _____2_____, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. _____3_____. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?_____4_____. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
_____5_____, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A．Message with emojis feel more conversational
B．Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C．Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D．The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform

4、【2020·全国卷III卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. _____1_____ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.
_____2_____ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
_____3_____ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. _____4_____
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. _____5_____ Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A．This isn’t usual though.
B．It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C．You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D．If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.

5、【2020·全国新高考卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking._____1_____Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “_____2_____ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one._____3_____
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker._____4_____And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
_____5_____It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A．Do the opposite.
B．You want to be an effective public speaker.
C．You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D．When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.

6、【2019·全国卷I卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air．” _____1_____According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good．
_____2_____ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen．If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain．
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）．_____3_____In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery．It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood（情绪）．Greenery is good for us． Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead．_____4_____ It gives us a great feeling of peace．
_____5_____While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D．To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside．It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D．
A．Fresh air cleans our lungs．
B．So what are you waiting for?
C．Being in nature refreshes us．
D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight．
E．But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F．Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care．
G．All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens．

7、【2019·全国卷II卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: "Should I jump? " This is what motivation or the lack of it can do． Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin．_____1_____ Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided．
_____2_____ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc．Only then should you set your goals．
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation．This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment．There are times when your heart is not in your work． 3 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment．Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward．
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths．Remember that goals are flexible． 4 They also need to be measurable．You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals．
Your personal circumstances are equally important． For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough．_____5_____ You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal．
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned．You cannot overcome them without ample motivation．Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals．
A．This can affect your work．
B．So how should you motivate yourself?
C．However, this should not discourage you．
D．So why should we try to set specific goals?
E．They can change according to circumstances．
F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job．
G．Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it．

8、【2019·全国卷III卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important． 1 While I have only listed two of each, these are obviously many other situations that can arise．Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance．
Do’s
• 2 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed．Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight．
• Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue． 3 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information． Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same．
Don’ts
• Don't share personal information or stories．Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends．If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor． 4
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class． 5 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student．If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments．
A．That’s what they are for．
B．Turn to an online instructor for help．
C．If more information is needed, they will ask．
D．Remember that online professors get a lot of emails．
E．Below are some common do’s and don’ ts for online learners．
F．Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another．
G．Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions．


1、【2021·全国新高考1卷】
作者通过亲身体验，感受了法国高品质的生活：高级公寓，美味食物，舒缓的生活节奏和每周35小时的工作时间。
1. F根据空后So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard（所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的六层公寓，只有一个橱柜那么大）可知，空格需填表示原因的选项F（我们的目的是看看我们是否能像真正的巴黎人那样享受生活）。
2. C根据空后even had a tiny lift可知，这里谈论的都是公寓设施，空格需填选项C（公寓有一间漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床）。
3. G根据空前great food及空后explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs可知，本段主要描述美味食物带给人愉悦的心情，答案选G项（美味食物，不需要太多就能使你快乐）。
4. E前段少而美味食物会带给人愉悦的心情，空格所在段落讲述法国人吃的少而精的另外一个原因，故选E项（这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因）。
5. A根据空后Not all the customers are tourists可知，这里的顾客并不都是游客，答案选A项。
2、【2020·全国卷I卷】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
1．根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
2．根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
3．根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
4．根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
5．结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
3、【2020·全国卷II卷】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
1．D根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。
2．A根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emojis feel more conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
3．G根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
4．B根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
5．F根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
4、【2020·全国卷III卷】
本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
1．E上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
2．B下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
3．C本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
4．A本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
5．G上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
5、【2020·全国新高考卷】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
1．G本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
2．A下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
3．C本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
4．B本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
5．D下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
6、【2019·全国卷I卷】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新鲜空气对身体的保健作用。
1．E 上句提到人们告诉我们应出去呼吸新鲜空气，下句的关键信息“the answer is a big YES”是对某个问题作出的回答，由此可判断空处应是一个一般 疑问句，故E项“But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?”符合语境。
2．A 本段陈述了呼吸洁净的室外空气使身体受益，因此A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺”符合语境。
3．G 上句提到人们开始研究自然界和治愈之间的联系，G项“在全国范围内，康复中心已经开始建设康复花园”是对上句的延伸，且下句中的“these places”指代的就是G项中的“Healing Gardens”。我们可以从意义和词语指代两方面的暗示来解题。
4．C 前文提到“Greenery is good for us”，C项与前文在意义上构成递进关系，解释了绿色植物为人体带来益处，且与下句“It gives us a great feeling of peace”意思上承接。
5．D 本段陈述了阳光对人体的好处，因此段落主题应为D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个附带好处是阳光”。
7、【2019·全国卷II卷】
【文章大意】没有动力，你既无法设定目标，也无法实现目标。本文就如何保持动力来实现自己的目标提出了一些建议。
1．G 根据空前一句“Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin”可知，此处在讲动力和设定目标之间的关系，故G项“没有动力，你既无法设定目标，也无法实现目标”符合语境。
2．B 第一段阐述了动力和设定目标之间的关系，结合空后的“More than that，how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal”可知，空处与空后内容形成递进关系，故B项符合语境。
3．A 空前讲有时候你的心思并不在工作上，由此可知空处应选A“这会影响你的工作”。
4．E 根据空前一句中的“goals are flexible”可知，目标是可变动的，因此E项“它们可以根据情况发生改变”符合语境。
5．C 空前一句说你可能想当飞行员，但因为视力不好，你的目标不能实现。再结合空后一句中的“reassess your goals… set a fresh goal”可知C项符合语境。
8、【2019·全国卷III卷】
【文章大意】本文介绍在选修网络课程时如何与教授建立起健康有益的互动交流。
1．E 本空承接上句中的“patterns”，启示下句中的“two of each”。故选E。
2．G 本空应填入该段的主题句。下文始终围绕“questions”一词展开，故选G。
3．A 前一句中提及discussion forums，blogs和other open-ended forums等交流方式，空处强调这些方式为交流而存在，A项符合语境。
4．C 本段主要讲不要和教授分享私人信息或故事，故C项“如果他们需要更多的信息，他们将会询问”符合语境。
5．F 本空为过渡句，围绕主题句展开。根据下文中的“a concern about a professor’s professionalism or ability”可知，此处选F项，表示每个人都曾上过不太满意的在线课程，衔接下文。